3.简单句并列句复合句中的成分省略规则-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习必修3（重大版）

期末语法复习 必修3·重庆大学出版社·简单句/并列句/复合句中的成分省略 规则 一、考点概述 简单句/并列句/复合句中的成分省略规则是高中英语常见语法现象，指在不影响句意 理解的前提下，省略句子中重复或已知的成分以实现表达简洁，主要涉及主语、谓语、 宾语等成分在特定语境下的省略。 二、核心考点解析 考点一：简单句中主语的省略 结构：在祈使句中，通常省略第二人称主语yo:在无谓语的独词句（如问候语、感叹 语)中省略主语和谓语 例句：(You)Open the door,please./(Itis)Nice to meet you. 真题1：_careful when crossing the street..【2023 重庆市高一期末】 A)Be B)Is C)Are D)Am 答案：A 真题2： 一me your phone number,.please.【2022XX校期中】 -Sure,it's 138XXXXXXXX. A)Give B)To give C)Giving D)Given 答案：A 考点二：简单句中谓语或谓语部分的省略 结构：在对话中，常省略上文已提及的动词，保留助动词情态动词+补足成分；在并 列结构中，后句可省略与前句相同的谓语动词 :-Have you finished your homework?-Yes,I have (finished it)./She likes singing, and he (likes)dancing. 真题1：-Would you like to go shopping with me?-I'd love to,.butI一【2022重庆市 高二期末】 A)don't B)can't C)won't D)mustn't 答案：B 真题2：My mother cooked dinner,and my father the dishes.【2023XX市联考】 A)washed B)washes C)(washed) D)to wash 答案：A 考点三：并列句中相同成分的省略 结构：由ad/or/心ut连接的并列句，后句可省略与前句相同的主语、谓语或宾语等 例句：He is interested in math,and (he is)good at physics../I will buy a pen and(I will buy） a notebook. 真题1：She studies hard at school and_actively in class.【2021重庆市高一质检】 A)participates B)is participating C)participated D)to participate 答案：A 真题2：You can stay at home,orout with us.【2023XX校月考】 A)go B)going C)to go D)went 答案：A 「考点四：复合句中主句成分的省略 结构：在宾语从句、状语从句中，若主句为'I think/suppose/believe/guess”等，简略回答 时可省略主句，只保留从句核心内容；在Itis+adj.+hat.”结构中，口语中可省略形 式主语Itis 例句：一Do you think he will come?一(I think)He will./(Itis)Important that we study hard. 真题1：一Is she coming to the party?一I suppose一.【2022重庆市高二期末】 A)yes B)she is C)coming D)to 答案：B 真题2：necessary to learn a foreign language well.【2023XX市模拟】 A)It is B)That is C)This is D)There is 答案：A 考点五：复合句中从句主语和谓语的省略 结构：当状语从句(if/unless/whe/while/as等引导)的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓 语含be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词；在he+比较级.，he+比较级”结构中， 可省略从句主语和be动词 When (he was)walking in the park,he met an old friend./The harder you study,the better (your grades are) 真题1：in trouble,.you can always ask me for help.【2021重庆市高考模拟】 A)If B)When C)While D)Ifyou are 答案：D 真题2：He fell asleep while_TV.【2023XX省联考】 A)watching B)watch C)watched D)to watch 答案：A 考点六：复合句中关系代词/副词的省略 结构：定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略：先行词为ie/way时，关 系副词when/where/how可省略 The book(that/which)I bought yesterday is interesting./This is the way (how)he solved the problem. 真题1：The girl I met in the library is my classmate.【2022重庆市高一期末】 A)who B)whom C)which D)不填 答案：D 真题2：I still remember the day_we first met.【2023XX市高二质检】 A)when B)where C)that D)不填 答案：A 三、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.-up early,or you'll miss the first bus. A)Get B)Getting C)To get D)Got 2.-Do you know ifhe will come?-I think_ A)he does B)he will C)does he D)will he 3.She likes swimming,and her sister-too. A)is B)does C)likes D)swims 4.While homework,he fell asleep at the desk. A)do B)doing C)did D)to do 5.The filmwe watched last night was very exciting A)who B)whom C)that D)不填 6.important to practice speaking English every day. A)It is B)This is C)That is D)There is 7.He will call you if he free tomorrow. A)is B)will be C)was D)would be 8.My mother cooked and my fatherthe table. A)sets B)set C)(set) D)to set (二)完成句子 1.过马路时请小心。 Please_when crossing the road. 2.如果有需要，我会给你打电话。 If I will call you. 3.她学习努力，我也是。 She studies hard,and I too. 4.我永远不会忘记我们相遇的那一天。 I will never forget the daywe met. 5.老师说她下周会来。 The teacher said_come next week. (三)短文改错 下面短文中共有5处与成分省略相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.He likes playing basketball,and his brother likes playing football too. 2.When he was walking in the park,he saw a beautiful bird 3.I think that he will come to the party tomorrow 4.The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting. 5.It is necessary that we should study hard for the exam. (四)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Tom is a student who loves sports.Every morning,he gets up early and_(run)for 30 min- utes.He says running makes him strong.Last week,he participated in a race and won first prize.His friends were proud of him,and his parents(be)too. When(talk)about his hobby,Tom always says,"Sports not only keep me healthy_also teach me teamwork.He hopes more students_(join)sports clubs at school. _is clear that sports play an important role in his life (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A BBB D AA B 2.完成句子答案： 1.be careful 2.necessary I 3.do 4.when 5.she will 3.短文改错答案： 1.去掉第二个likes2.去掉he was3.去掉hat4.去掉which5.去掉Itis 4.语法填空答案： runs were talking but (should)join It 英语语法复习手册·必修3·重庆大学出版社·成分省略规则