4.情态动词can could may might must表推测许可能力-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习必修2（重大版）

期末语法复习 必修2·重庆大学出版社·情态动词(can/could/.may/might/must 表推测、许可、能力) 一、情态动词核心用法详解 核心语法：情态动词(can/could/may/might/must) 「考点概述 情态动词(can/could/may/might/must表推测、许可、能力)是高中英语基础语法，用于 表达对事情的推测、允许或许可及个人能力，核心考点围绕不同情态动词在推测、许 可、能力语境中的用法差异展开。 核心考点解析·考点1：表能力(can/could) 结构：can表示现在或一般的能力；could表示过去的能力或委婉语气 例句：She can speak three languages fluently.(现在能力) He could swim across the river when he was young.(过去能力) 真题再现： -Can you finish the work in an hour?-Yes I_ A)can B)could C)may D)must 答案：A 解析：回答现在能力用cam My grandfather_play basketball very well when he was in college A)can B)could C)may D)might 答案：B 解析：描述过去能力用could 核心考点解析·考点2：表许可(can/may/could/might) 结构：can/may表示现在许可；could/might表示委婉请求或许可（回答用can/may) 例句：You can/may leave the classroom now.(现在许可) Could I use your dictionary?(委婉请求) 真题再现： -I use your pen?Mine is broken.-Sure here you are A)Must B)Should C)Could D)Will 答案：C 解析：委婉请求用Cold Students not use mobile phones in class according to the school rules A)can B)must C)may D)might 答案：A 解析：规章制度许可用can 核心考点解析·考点3：表对现在/一般情况的推测(must/may/might/can't) 结构：must(肯定推测，一定)>may/might(可能)>can't(否定推测，不可能)，后 接动词原形 例句：He must be at home now.(肯定推测) She may/.might know the answer.(可能推测) It can't be true.(否定推测) 真题再现： The light is on so he be in his office A)must B)may C)might D)can't 答案：A 解析：肯定推测用mst -Who is knocking at the door?-It be Tom.He said he would come tonight A)must B)can't C)may D)mustn't 答案：C 解析：可能推测用may 核心考点解析·考点4：表对过去情况的推测(must/may/might/can't+have+过去分词) 结构：must have done(肯定推测，一定做了)：may/might have done(可能做了)；cant have done(不可能做了) 例句：You must have seen the film before.(肯定推测) She may have missed the bus..(可能推测) He can't have finished the work so soon..(否定推测) 真题再现： -Why didn't you answer my call?-I have been sleeping.I didn't hear it A)must B)may C)can D)should 答案：A 解析：肯定推测用must have done He_the exam because he was absent from the class all week A)must pass B)may pass C)can't have passed D)might have passed 答案：C 解析：否定推测用cam't have done 核心考点解析·考点5：must表必须/禁止及回答 结构：mmst表必须（否定回答用needn't/don't have to):mstm't表禁止 例句：You must finish your homework first..(必须) You mustn't smoke here.（禁止) 真题再现： -Must I hand in my homework today?-No you_You can do it tomorrow A)mustn't B)can't C)needn't D)shouldn't 答案：C 解析：否定回答用needn't Youplay with fire.It's dangerous A)mustn't B)needn't C)can't D)may not 答案：A 解析：禁止用nustn't 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.-you help me carry this box?I'm too tired.-Sure,no problem. A)Must B)Could C)Should D)Need 2.The ground is wet,so it rained heavily last night. A)must B)may C)must have D)may have 3.Youpark here.Look at the sign'No Parking". A)mustn't B)needn't C)can't D)may not 4.-Is Lucy in the classroom?-Shebe.I saw her go to the library just now. A)must B)may C)can't D)might 5.He have told me the truth,but he chose to keep silent. A)must B)should C)can D)may 6.-I return the book next Monday?-Yes,you_.Or you'll be fined. A)Can;may B)Must,must C)Could;can D)May;must 7.The man_be our new teacher.He looks young and friendly. A)must B)may C)can't D)mustn't 8.If you have taken the map with you,you wouldn't have got lost. A)should B)would C)must D)may (二)完成句子 1.她不可能把钥匙落在家里了，因为她刚才还用过。 Sheher keys at home,for she used them just now. 2.你本应该早点告诉我这个消息的。 You_ me the news earlier. 3.他们一定已经到达北京了，飞机半小时前就降落了。 They in Beijing,for the plane landed half an hour ago. 4.你不必特意为我准备晚餐，我在外面吃。 You dinner specially for me,I'll eat out. 5.他现在可能正在开会，所以没接电话。 He a meeting now,so he didn't answer the phone. 6.我们必须遵守交通规则以确保安全。 Wethe traffic rules to ensure safety. (三)短文改错 下面短文中共有5处与情态动词相关的错误，请找出并改正 I must have stayed up late last night,so I'm very sleepy now.My mother suggested that I would go to bed early tonight.If I listened to her yesterday,I wouldn't feel so tired.I think I should have taken her advice.It is high time that I go to bed. (四)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 A:Hi,Tom.You look worried.What's wrong? B:I can't find my watch.I think I (lose)it somewhere. A:Don't worry.You(ask)the teacher for help.She might have seen it. B:I already did.She said she(not see)it.I have put it in my desk,but I checked and it's not there A:You_(be)more careful with your things.If you_(not be)so careless,you wouldn't lose your watch. B:You're right.I(learn)a lesson from this. (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B6.D7.B8.A 2.完成句子答案： 1.can't have left 2.should have told 3.must have arrived 4.needn't prepare 5.may be having 6.must obey 3.短文改错答案： wold→should listened前加had go→went或go前加should 4.语法填空答案： might have lost can ask hadn't seen must should be weren't should learn 英语语法复习手册·必修2·重庆大学出版社·情态动词(can/could/may/might/must表推测、 许可、能力)