Unit 1 Art Discover Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语课件聚焦人教版2019选择性必修3 Unit 1中“动词不定式作表语”核心语法点，从谓语与非谓语动词判断切入，先梳理动词不定式的名词、动词、形容词、副词特征及成分功能，再递进至表语用法，构建从基础到专项的学习支架。 其亮点在于通过“观察思考-归纳总结-即学即练”三步法，结合不定式作表语的结构、语态、wh-词搭配等情境，培养学生语言能力（实例分析提升理解表达）和思维品质（对比不定式与-ing作表语差异）。采用讲练结合，学生能系统掌握语法规则，教师可借清晰脉络和丰富练习提升教学效率。

人教版2019选择性必修3 Unit 1 ART Discover useful structures Infinitives as the predicative 判断下列句子中画线部分的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词： 1.I like to go to the library today. 今天我想去图书馆。 2.He came to like English because of his teacher’s encouragement. 由于老师的鼓励，他慢慢喜欢上了英语。 3.He devoted himself to helping those in need. 他乐于帮助那些有困难的人。 4.Those devoted to helping those in need are well worth respecting. 乐于助人者人恒敬之。 5.We were walking in the street when we met a foreigner looking worried. 我们逛街时突然遇到一个老外，他看上去很着急。 6.Walking in the street, we met a foreigner looking worried. 我们逛街时遇到一个老外，他看上去很着急。 谓语动词 谓语动词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 非谓语动词 非谓语动词 动 词 { 谓语 非谓语 时态、语态、主谓一致 ｛ to do doing done 相当于名词 具备动词的特征 相当于形容词 相当于副词 注 动词不定式可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语，所以说动词不定式有名词的特征；动词不定式可以有自己的宾语和状语，所以说动词不定式仍然具备动词的特征；动词不定式可以作后置定语，因此动词不定式也相当于形容词；动词不定式还可以作状语，所以说在一定程度上动词不定式相当于副词。 判断下列句子中动词不定式充当的句子成分。 1.I am glad to meet you. 2.He drove to the airport to pick up his friend. 3.His dream is to be a doctor. 4.It is my duty to clean the classroom. 5.Do you have anything to share with me? 6.He refused to accept the prize. 原因状语 目的状语 表语 主语 定语 宾语 观察思考： 1.Do you have anything to eat? 你有吃的东西吗 2.The man pretended to be reading a newspaper. 那个人假装正在看报纸。 3.I’d like to share with you the sports meeting to be held next week. 我想告诉你将于下周举行的运动会。 4.I am very happy to have helped you paint your new house. 我很高兴能帮你粉刷你的新房子。 动词不定式的结构 类别 形式 含义 一般式 to do 主动 被动式 to be done 被动 完成式 to have done 该动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前 进行式 to be doing 该动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生 即学即练 1.Do you have anything ___________ (share) with me? 2.Somebody seems ______________ (cry) in the next room. 3.I am so sorry to ______________ (bring) you so much trouble. 4.He doesn’t like ___________________(interrupt) while talking. to share to be crying have brought to be interrupted 动词不定式作表语 观察思考 ①His aim was to be a scientist when he grows up. 他的目标是长大后当科学家。 ②Your best plan would be to go to work by car. 你开车上班是上策。 ③His original purpose was to help her improve her English, but finally he beccame her boy friend. 他原本想帮她提高英语，但最后成了她的男朋友。 ④Her lifelong dream was to be a famous writer. 她的毕生愿望就是成为一个著名作家。 ⑤Her job is to take care of the flowers in the garden. 她的工作是看护花园里的花。 归纳总结 动词不定式作表语时，说明主语的具体内容或目的，主语一般是aim, purpose, plan,dream,decision等。 ①我的理想是成为一名律师。 My dream is ___________. ②他的梦想是为贫困家庭的孩子们建立学校。 His dream _________ schools for children of poor families. ③The best way of solving the problems is ______(turn) to your teacher for advice. ④Your major duty at this moment is ______ (have)a good rest. ⑤His ambition is ____ (be) a soldier as brave as his father. to be a lawyer is to set up to turn to have to be 动词不定式作表语时的语态 观察思考 ①His goal is to become a volunteer at the local hospital in the coming holidays. 他的目标就是在即将到来的假期到当地的医院当志愿者。 ②His goal is to be adimitted into Peking University this summer. 他的目标是今年夏天被北京大学录取。 归纳总结 动词不定式作表语 ,如果不定式和逻辑主语之间是主动关系应用to do,如果两者是被动关系 则应使用to be done. 即学即练 ①所有这些商品都是要出售的。 All the goods are ________. ②水如果供饮用必须是纯净的。 Water must be pure if it is _________. ③你今天的任务是打扫院子。 Your task today is _______ the yard. ④这些问题有待解决。 These problems remain ________________. to be sold to be drunk to clean to be solved/settled wh-词+动词不定式 观察思考 ①Where to find the answer is the point. 重点是哪里找到答案。 ②We must know what to say at the meeting. 我们必须知道在会议上说什么。 ③Their puzzle was what to do next after the meeting. 他们的困惑是会后下一步做什么。 ④The problem is where to hold the meeting with so many people to take part in it. 问题是有这么多人要参加，会议在哪里召开。 归纳总结 有时，根据表达的需要，在作表语的不定式前，还可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，包括 what, who, how, when, where 等。 例如：问题是如何开始。 The problem is how to begin. 另外，wh-词+动词不定式结构还可以作主语和宾语。 即学即练 ①他们想知道何时在他们城市举办艺术展。 What they want to know was ___________an art exhibition in their city. ②问题是到哪里寻找经济援助。 The problem is __________ finacial aid. when to hold where to find 观察思考 ①Which driver is to blame for the accident? 哪们司机是此次事故的肇事者？ ②The house is to let. 此屋出租。 归纳总结 某些动词不定式(短语)作表语时，需用主动形式表示被动意义。 观察思考 All he wanted was to be left alone. 他只想一个人待着。 6. The least I can do to help is lend her a car. 我所能帮的最起码的事是借给她一辆车。 归纳总结 当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词all或者主语被only, first, one或形容词最高级修饰时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。 即学即练 ①The first choice he made was ____(go)to the poor village to help the villagers out of poverty. ②The best thing he decided on was _______ (leave) the selfish and mean girl. to go to leave 观察思考 ①I am to call him once I reach the airport. 我一到机场就得给他们打电话。 ②They are to be married in June. 他们计划于六月结婚。 ③He was to regret the decision for the rest of his life. 他终生都将后悔做出了那个决定。 ④He was never to see his wife again. 他注定再也见不到他的妻子了。 ⑤If we were to offer you more money, would you stay? =Were we to offer you more money,would you stay? 如果我们给你加钱，你愿意留下吗？ 归纳总结 不定式作表语可以表示计划、安排，注定，义务，可能性，命令，警告等。 即学即练 ①英语演讲比赛计划于下周举行。 The English speech contest is _________(take) place next week. ②最坏的注定要到来。 The worst is __________(come). ③漆黑的街道上一个人也看不到。 Not a single man was ____________(see) in the dark street. ④你要想成功就必须要努力。 If you are ____________(succeed), you must work hard. to take to come to be seen to succeed 动词不定式作表语和动词-ing形式作表语的区别 1.动词不定式和v-ing作表语，要注意与句子的主语在形式上一致，即若句子的主语为v-ing形式，则表语也应使用v-ing；若主语为动词不定式，则表语也应使用动词不定式。 To see is to believe.=Seeing is believing. 2.动词不定式和v-ing作表语时可换用，但以下情况除外。 ①当动词表达的是某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为时，通常用动词不定式作表语。 Her best wish is to help her parents live a healthy and happy life. ②若动词所表达的是一般性抽象的经常发生的动作，则通常使用v-ing作表语。 My favorite sport is hiking. What he hates most is being laughted at for his disability. 即学即练 ①What he usually likes is _____(take)a walk after dinner, but today he liked _______(have) a good rest after the hard work. ②The thing he often prefers is _____ (go)to school by bus, but this morning what he preferred was ______ (take)a taxi because of the bad weather. ③My favorite hobby is _________ (collect)all kinds of newspapers. taking to have going to take collecting 动词不定式省略to的情况： 动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但当主句主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式（do, does,did）时，可省略不定式符号to,但也有时候表语用不定式和动词-ing形式都可以，只不过动词-ing形式侧重一般性，习惯性，不定式侧重具体情况。 即学即练 ①你要做的就是管好你自己的事情。 What you need to do is _____(mind) your own business. ②他的主要任务就是照顾好自己。 His main task is ____________(take) good care of yourself. ③我的目标是准时完成这个项目。 My goal is ________(finish)the project on time. mind taking/to take to finish THANKS ! $