期末复习之核心语法归纳+针对性练习（Units 1-3）（专项训练）-2025-2026学年人教PEP版英语五年级上册

人教PEP版五年级英语上册期末复习之核心语法归纳+针对性练习（Units 1-3）

班级 ____________ 姓名 ____________ 等第 ____________

核心语法归纳

核心语法一：情感形容词的系动词搭配与比较级

概念：情感类形容词（excited/angry/worried/sad）必须与系动词（be/feel/look）连用，不能直接修饰动词；单音节情感形容词比较级直接加 -er（angry→angrier 需变 y 为 i 再加 -er），用于两者情绪对比。

核心语法二：实义动词的现在分词变化规则

概念：现在分词表动作正在进行，规则为直接加 -ing（play→playing）、以不发音 e 结尾去 e 加 -ing（dance→dancing）、重读闭音节双写尾字母加 -ing（swim→swimming）；常与 be 动词 连用构成现在进行时。

核心语法三：形容词性物主代词与名词的限定关系

概念：形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her/our/their）必须后接名词，作定语修饰名词；不能单独作句子成分，与名词构成的短语可作主语、宾语（例：her book / our classroom）。

核心语法四：情态动词can的过去式could用法

概念：could 是 can 的过去式，表过去的能力（He could play chess when he was five.）；也可用于礼貌请求（Could you help me?），语气比 can 更委婉，后接动词原形。

核心语法五：一般现在时的频率副词位置

概念：频率副词（always/often/sometimes/never）放在实义动词前、系动词/助动词后；用于描述习惯性动作，主语为三单时，实义动词需变形（She often plays the piano.）。

核心语法六：特殊疑问词How引导的感受类问句

概念：How do/does + 主语 + feel? 用于询问某人的感受；答语用 主语 + feel(s) +

情感形容词；主语为三单时助动词用 does，动词 feel 用原形。

核心语法七：可数名词复数的不规则变化（特殊类）

概念：单元高频不规则复数（child→children/foot→feet/tooth→teeth）无固定变化规则，需单独记忆；这类名词的单复数形式差异大，作主语时要注意谓语动词的单复数对应。

核心语法八：祈使句的肯定式与礼貌用语搭配

概念：肯定祈使句以 动词原形开头，表请求、建议；为使语气礼貌，可在句首加 Please（Please open the door.）；也可在句末加 please，用逗号与主句隔开（Open the door, please.）。

 

针对性练习

核心语法一

题型一 用所给形容词的适当形式填空

1. She feels ______ (angry) than yesterday because she lost her pen.

2. The little boy is ______ (excited) to meet his favourite singer.

3. My mother looks ______ (worried) because my grandma is ill.

4. Which girl is ______ (sad), Lily or Lucy?

5. He is ______ (happy) today because he got a gift.

题型二 选择合适的系动词填空（be/feel/look）

1. The girl ______ angry because her toy was broken.

2. I ______ tired after playing football for two hours.

3. You ______ worried. What’s wrong with you?

4. The students ______ excited about the coming holiday.

5. My father ______ happy when he sees my good grades.

核心语法二

题型一 写出下列动词的现在分词形式

1. sing → __________

2. write → __________

3. run → __________

4. dance → __________

5. swim → __________

题型二 用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Look! They ______ (play) basketball on the playground.

2. She ______ (draw) a picture in the art room now.

3. Listen! The birds ______ (sing) songs in the tree.

4. My brother ______ (do) his homework at home.

5. We ______ (have) an English class at the moment.

核心语法三

题型一 选择合适的形容词性物主代词填空

1. This is ______ (I) book. That one is ______ (you).

2. ______ (he) father is a teacher. ______ (she) mother is a doctor.

3. We love ______ (we) school. It’s very beautiful.

4. The dog is ______ (they) pet. They like it very much.

5. ______ (it) name is Mimi. It’s a cute cat.

题型二 改写句子，用形容词性物主代词替换划线部分

1. The book of Tom is on the desk. → ______ book is on the desk.

2. The toys of the children are in the box. → ______ toys are in the box.

3. The pen of my sister is red. → ______ pen is red.