第12讲 必修三 Unit 5 The Value of Money（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（寒假预习讲义）高一英语人教版

第12讲 必修三 Unit 5 The Value of Money （知识全梳理&考点精准练）（寒假预习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 知识梳理 重点01 核心单词和短语 知识精讲 一、核心单词 1. valuable /ˈvæljuəbl/ 词性：adj.（形容词） 含义：很有用的；宝贵的 拓展： 名词形式：value /ˈvæljuː/n. 价值；重要性 动词形式：value v. 重视；珍视 搭配：valuable advice（宝贵的建议）、valuable experience（宝贵的经验） 例句：Health is the most valuable wealth for everyone.（健康对每个人来说都是最宝贵的财富。） 辨析：valuable vs. invaluable valuable：强调 “有价值、值钱的” invaluable：表示 “极珍贵的、无价的”，程度更深，如 invaluable cultural relics（无价的文物） 2. wealth /welθ/ 词性：n.（名词） 含义：财富；财产；大量 拓展：形容词形式 wealthy /ˈwelθi/adj. 富有的；富裕的 搭配：a wealth of（大量的）、create wealth（创造财富）、wealth and happiness（财富与幸福） 例句：She has a wealth of knowledge about ancient history.（她有丰富的古代历史知识。） 注意：wealth 是不可数名词，不能说 a wealths 3. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ 词性：v.（动词）/n.（名词） 含义： v. 评价；判断；断定 n. 法官；裁判员；鉴定人 拓展： 名词形式 judgement /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/（= judgment）n. 判断；判决 搭配： v. 搭配：judge...by/from...（根据…… 判断……）、judge between right and wrong（判断是非） 搭配：a fair judge（公正的法官）、a judge of talent（人才鉴定家） 例句：Don't judge a person by his appearance.（不要以貌取人。） 4. earn /ɜːn/ 词性：v.（动词） 含义：赚得；挣得；获得；赢得 搭配：earn money（赚钱）、earn one's living（谋生）、earn respect（赢得尊重） 例句：He earns his living by writing novels.（他靠写小说谋生。） 辨析：earn vs. Gain vs. win earn：侧重 “通过劳动、工作获得报酬或荣誉” gain：侧重 “通过努力获得某种利益、优势”，如 gain experience（获得经验） win：侧重 “通过竞争、比赛赢得奖品、胜利”，如 win the game（赢得比赛） 5. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː/ 词性：v.（动词） 含义：忽视；忽略；不理睬 拓展：名词形式 ignorance /ˈɪɡnərəns/n. 无知；愚昧；形容词形式 ignorant /ˈɪɡnərənt/adj. 无知的；愚昧的 搭配：ignore one's advice（忽视某人的建议）、ignore the danger（无视危险） 例句：She ignored my warnings and went out alone at night.（她无视我的警告，晚上独自出门了。） 二、核心短语 1. take...into account/consideration 含义：考虑到……；把…… 考虑进去 同义短语：take account of... / take consideration of... 例句：When choosing a job, you should take your interests into account.（选择工作时，你应该考虑自己的兴趣。） 拓展：account n. 账户；账目；解释；on account of（因为；由于） 2. in case 含义：以防；万一；假使（引导条件状语从句） 用法 后接从句时，常用一般现在时表将来，如 Take an umbrella in case it rains. in case of + n.（名词）：万一发生……，如 In case of fire, call 119. 例句：I'll keep a seat for you in case you change your mind.（我会给你留个座位，以防你改变主意。） 3. rather than 含义：而不是；与其…… 倒不如…… 用法： 连接两个并列成分（名词、动词、形容词等） 后接动词时，常用原形（如 would do A rather than do B） 例句：He prefers to walk rather than take a bus.（他宁愿走路也不愿坐公交。） 辨析：rather than vs. instead of rather than：可接动词原形，多用于 “主观选择” instead of：后接名词、代词或动名词，多用于 “客观替代” 4. put aside 含义：把…… 放一边；搁置；储存（钱或时间） 拓展：put 相关短语 put away（收好；储存） put off（推迟；延期） put forward（提出；提前） 例句：She puts aside a little money every month for her retirement.（她每月存一点钱以备退休之用。） 5. attach importance to 含义：重视；认为…… 很重要 拓展：attach v. 附上；系上；依恋；attachment n. 依恋；附件 例句：Most parents attach great importance to their children's education.（大多数父母都非常重视孩子的教育。） 6. in debt 含义：负债；欠账 反义短语：out of debt（还清债务） 拓展：debt n. 债务；欠款；owe a debt to sb.（欠某人的债） 例句：The company was in debt because of poor management.（这家公司因管理不善而负债累累。） 三、知识总结 本单元单词多围绕 “金钱、价值、生活态度” 展开，需掌握词性转换（如 value → valuable）和固定搭配。 短语take...into account、attach importance to、in debt 是单元高频考点，也是写作和完形填空的常考内容。 学习时注意区分易混词/短语（如 valuable vs. invaluable；earn vs. win），结合例句强化记忆。 重点02 情态动词表推测 知识精讲 本单元核心语法为 情态动词（Modal Verbs）的用法，尤其是表示推测的情态动词，同时涉及情态动词表 “能力、许可、义务” 的基础用法回顾，是高考的高频考点。 一、 核心语法：情态动词表推测 1. 情态动词对人或事物的状态、动作进行推测时，分为 肯定推测、否定推测、疑问推测 三类， 需根据时间（现在/过去） 和可能性大小选择对应词汇。 推测类型 情态动词 可能性 时间场景 例句及翻译 肯定推测 must 90% 以上（极肯定） 现在/正在进行 He must be at home. 他一定在家。 should/ought to 80% 左右（很可能，按常理推测） 现在/将来 The film should be interesting. 这部电影应该很有趣。 may/might/could 50% 左右 （可能，不确定） 现在/将来 She may come to the party. 她可能会来参加派对。 否定推测 can't/couldn't 90% 以上 （极不可能） 现在/过去 That can't be Lucy—she’s in Beijing. 那不可能是露西，她在北京呢。 may not/might not 50% 左右 （可能不） 现在/将来 He might not attend the meeting. 他可能不会出席会议。 关键拓展： 一、情态动词表对过去的推测 结构：情态动词 + have + 过去分词 1. must have done：肯定做过某事（对过去极肯定的推测） 例句：The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. 翻译：地面是湿的，昨晚一定下过雨。 2. can't/couldn't have done：不可能做过某事（对过去极否定的推测） 例句：He can't have stolen your wallet—he was with me all day. 翻译：他不可能偷了你的钱包，他一整天都和我在一起。 3. may/might/could have done：可能做过某事（对过去不确定的推测） 例句：She might have forgotten the appointment. 翻译：她可能忘了这个约会。 4. should have done：本该做某事（实际没做，表责备或遗憾） 例句：You should have handed in your homework yesterday. 翻译：你昨天本该交作业的。（实际没交） 5. needn't have done：本不必做某事（实际做了，表没必要） 例句：You needn't have bought so much food—we have enough. 翻译：你本不必买这么多食物，我们已经够了。 二、 情态动词的基础用法回顾 本单元通过课文语境复现了情态动词的基础功能，需结合语境区分： 1、表能力：can（现在）/could（过去）/be able to（强调通过努力做到，可用于各种时态） 例句：He can speak three languages. 他会说三种语言。 例句：She was able to swim across the river at the age of 10. 她十岁时就能游过河了。 2、表许可：can/may（请求许可）/could/might（更委婉）/must（必须，表命令） 例句：Can I use your phone? 我能用一下你的手机吗？ 例句：You must finish the task before 5 pm. 你必须在下午 5 点前完成任务。 3、表义务/必要性：must/have to（客观需要）/needn't（不必） 例句：You don't have to come if you are busy. 如果你忙的话，不必来。 三、 易混点辨析 1. can vs be able to can 只有现在时和过去时（could），不能用于将来时或完成时； be able to 可用于任何时态，强调 “通过努力具备的能力”。 例句：I will be able to solve this problem soon.（不能用 will can） 2. must vs have to must 表主观义务（自己认为必须做）； have to 表客观要求（外界条件迫使必须做）。 例句：I must study hard.（自己想努力） I have to study hard.（父母要求 / 考试压力） 3. may not vs can't may not 是 “可能不”（不确定）； can't 是 “不可能”（完全否定）。 例句：He may not like coffee.（他可能不喜欢咖啡） He can't like coffee—he never drinks it.（他不可能喜欢咖啡） 四、 课文原句语法应用 原句：It must be terrible to live in a cold country with no money. 语法点：must be 表对现在的肯定推测 翻译：在一个寒冷的国家没钱生活一定很糟糕。 原句：You couldn't have spent much money on it. 语法点：couldn't have done 表对过去的否定推测 翻译：你不可能在这上面花了很多钱。 好题精练 一、用适当的情态动词填空 1. The light is on. He ______ be at home now. 2. She looks worried. She ______ have heard some bad news. 3. The ground is dry. It ______ have rained last night. 4. —Where is Lucy? —She ______ be in the library, but I’m not sure. 5.You ______ have told him the truth; it made him so sad. 6. They ______ not be rich—their house is very small. 7. —______ this be John’s pen? —It might be. His name is on it. 8. You ______ not have bought the book. I have a copy for you. 二、单项选择 1. —Look! Someone is coming. Who ______ it be? —It ______ be Tom. He said he would come. A. can; must B. may; can C. must; can D. can; may 2. He ______ have finished his work, otherwise he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t 3. —I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer. —Oh, I’m sorry. I ______ dinner at my friend’s home. A. Had B. must have had C. have had D. must have 4. You ______ have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain. A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 5. She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam. I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. Should B. could C. must D. might 真题感知 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期末）The ancient manuscript ______ with extreme care but it was damaged a lot. A．must be handled B．must have been handled C．should be handled D．should have been handled 2．（24-25高一下·湖南株洲·期末）You ________ be punished if you break the school rules. A．would B．shall C．must D．should 3．（24-25高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）—Mom,_____I hang out with Susan now? —No,you_____.It’s dangerous for two girls to be outside at night. A．could;can’t B．could;needn’t C．should;can’t D．must;couldn’t 4．（24-25高一下·吉林长春·期末）You________ worry about money. I’ll support you if you need. A．dare B．dare not C．must D．mustn’t 5．（24-25高一下·江苏盐城·期末）—Jane, why don’t you take a bite of the chocolate? —Well, I am on diet, if you __________know. A．must B．shall C．would D．could 二、阅读理解七选五 （24-25高一下·安徽宣城·期末）High school life is a dynamic journey filled with academic challenges and personal growth opportunities. 1 . Below are proven methods to help you strike a balance. ◆Prioritize tasks and build a structured routine Creating a clear daily routine is the cornerstone of effective time management. 2 . Then, categorize them into “urgent”, “important”, and “optional”. For example, if you have a chemistry lab report due tomorrow, mark it as urgent and prioritize it over optional tasks like browsing social media. ◆Avoid overcommitment and learn to decline Many students overcommit themselves, thinking they can handle everything. 3 . More often than not, we are supposed to balance extracurricular and academic responsibilities. For instance, if you’re already captain of the debate team and volunteering at the animal shelter, consider declining an invitation to join the school newspaper. 4 . ◆ 5 Setting short-term and long-term goals can keep you motivated and focused. Break down large projects into smaller milestones. If you’re preparing for the final exam, for example, set weekly goals such as completing a practice test, reviewing vocabulary lists, or attending a tutoring session. This makes it easier for you to better check your progress and help you stay on track. A．Divide goals into achievable steps B．Seek feedback from teachers and peers C．Participating actively in class discussions really counts D．To thrive in both areas, students need strategic approaches E．However, this often leads to burnout and poor performance F．Learning to say “no” gracefully is a skill that will serve you well in college and beyond G．Start by listing all your tasks, including classes, homework, and extracurricular activities 综合提升练 一、单词拼写（根据句意及首字母提示填空，每空1分，共5分） 1. Health is more v______ than any material wealth in the world. 2. Through hard work, he has created a lot of w______ and improved his family's life. 3. You can't j______ a book only by its cover—its content may be wonderful. 4. She e______ her living by selling handmade crafts online. 5. It's unwise to i______ the warnings about climate change; we must take action now. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每空1分，共5分） 1. We all ______ (value) the friendship that we have built over the past ten years. 2. The old man is a man of great ______ (wise), and everyone in the village respects him. 3. He was accused of ______ (ignore) the safety rules, which led to the accident. 4. The ______ (judge) announced the final result of the competition, and the audience burst into applause. 5. She is from a ______ (wealth) family, but she never shows off her money. 三、短语填空（选用方框内短语，并用其适当形式填空，每空1分，共6分） 备选短语：take...into account, in case, rather than, put aside, attach importance to, in debt 1. When making a decision, you should ______ all possible risks ______. 2. I always keep a first-aid kit at home ______ there is an emergency. 3. She chose to work in a small town ______ a big city, because she liked the quiet life. 4. My mother ______ some money every month so that she can travel abroad next year. 5. The government ______ environmental protection and has taken many measures to reduce pollution. 6. The couple used to be ______ because of their failed business, but now they have paid off all their loans. 四、单项选择（每题1分，共5分） 1. —Why do you think this book is so popular? —Because it contains ______ of useful information about personal finance. A. a wealth B. wealth C. wealthy D. wealths 2. Don't ______ his words seriously—he was just joking. A. earn B. judge C. ignore D. take 3. We should ______ some time every day to do sports, which is good for our health. A. put aside B. put off C. put up D. put away 4. The company is deeply ______ because of the economic crisis, and it may close down soon. A. in case B. in debt C. in trouble D. in danger 5. ______ being a teacher, he also works as a part-time writer. A. Rather than B. Instead of C. In addition to D. Except for 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Online novels, dramas, and games are considered the “three carriages” that have brought modern Chinese culture overseas in recent years. 1 (full) absorbing China’s excellent traditional culture, they make use of the methods that young people love, and attract countless fans around the world. The new Chinese drama, or C-drama, Love Game in Eastern Fantasy, 2 (become) a hit both home and abroad by presenting a story that combines these “three carriages” since its release. With the creative setting of entering a fantasy novel 3 a game world setting, it did attract a large number of young global audiences. The drama 4 (adapt) from the very popular web novel The Guide to Capturing a Black Lotus, which had quite a number of followers. By employing 5 modern approach that the world’s Gen Z love, the TV series also leads audiences into a world 6 fiction and reality coexist. 7 a cultural carrier, film and television dramas not only allow audiences 8 (experience) the art of audio-visual expression, but also represent cultural heritage. From costumes to the sets, the TV series combines elements of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产), and has become a new highlight for cultural exports, 9 (show) the world the broad and profound charm of Chinese culture. The creative team took the world building into careful 10 (consider), trying to achieve breakthroughs in conceptual expression and aesthetics (美学) and aiming to convey the profound cultural heritage and creative spirit through every frame. 六、总结与反思 1. 本次练习重点考查了单元核心单词（valuable, wealth, judge等）的拼写、词性转换，以及高频短语（take...into account, attach importance to等）的运用，需重点记忆固定搭配和词性变化规则。 2. 易错点提醒：① wealth为不可数名词，需牢记固定搭配a wealth of；② 动词第三人称单数形式的正确运用（如earns, puts, attaches）；③ 易混短语（rather than vs. instead of, in debt vs. in trouble）的语境区分。 3. 建议：结合解析整理错题，针对薄弱知识点（如词性转换、短语搭配）进行专项复习，多结合例句强化 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第12讲 必修三 Unit 5 The Value of Money （知识全梳理&考点精准练）（寒假预习讲义） 内容导航 考点聚焦：归纳核心考点 & 高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：重难点梳理，查漏补缺，即时巩固 复习提升：真题感知 & 综合提升专练，全面突破 知识梳理 重点01 核心单词和短语 知识精讲 一、核心单词 1. valuable /ˈvæljuəbl/ 词性：adj.（形容词） 含义：很有用的；宝贵的 拓展： 名词形式：value /ˈvæljuː/n. 价值；重要性 动词形式：value v. 重视；珍视 搭配：valuable advice（宝贵的建议）、valuable experience（宝贵的经验） 例句：Health is the most valuable wealth for everyone.（健康对每个人来说都是最宝贵的财富。） 辨析：valuable vs. invaluable valuable：强调 “有价值、值钱的” invaluable：表示 “极珍贵的、无价的”，程度更深，如 invaluable cultural relics（无价的文物） 2. wealth /welθ/ 词性：n.（名词） 含义：财富；财产；大量 拓展：形容词形式 wealthy /ˈwelθi/adj. 富有的；富裕的 搭配：a wealth of（大量的）、create wealth（创造财富）、wealth and happiness（财富与幸福） 例句：She has a wealth of knowledge about ancient history.（她有丰富的古代历史知识。） 注意：wealth 是不可数名词，不能说 a wealths 3. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ 词性：v.（动词）/n.（名词） 含义： v. 评价；判断；断定 n. 法官；裁判员；鉴定人 拓展： 名词形式 judgement /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/（= judgment）n. 判断；判决 搭配： v. 搭配：judge...by/from...（根据…… 判断……）、judge between right and wrong（判断是非） 搭配：a fair judge（公正的法官）、a judge of talent（人才鉴定家） 例句：Don't judge a person by his appearance.（不要以貌取人。） 4. earn /ɜːn/ 词性：v.（动词） 含义：赚得；挣得；获得；赢得 搭配：earn money（赚钱）、earn one's living（谋生）、earn respect（赢得尊重） 例句：He earns his living by writing novels.（他靠写小说谋生。） 辨析：earn vs. Gain vs. win earn：侧重 “通过劳动、工作获得报酬或荣誉” gain：侧重 “通过努力获得某种利益、优势”，如 gain experience（获得经验） win：侧重 “通过竞争、比赛赢得奖品、胜利”，如 win the game（赢得比赛） 5. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː/ 词性：v.（动词） 含义：忽视；忽略；不理睬 拓展：名词形式 ignorance /ˈɪɡnərəns/n. 无知；愚昧；形容词形式 ignorant /ˈɪɡnərənt/adj. 无知的；愚昧的 搭配：ignore one's advice（忽视某人的建议）、ignore the danger（无视危险） 例句：She ignored my warnings and went out alone at night.（她无视我的警告，晚上独自出门了。） 二、核心短语 1. take...into account/consideration 含义：考虑到……；把…… 考虑进去 同义短语：take account of... / take consideration of... 例句：When choosing a job, you should take your interests into account.（选择工作时，你应该考虑自己的兴趣。） 拓展：account n. 账户；账目；解释；on account of（因为；由于） 2. in case 含义：以防；万一；假使（引导条件状语从句） 用法 后接从句时，常用一般现在时表将来，如 Take an umbrella in case it rains. in case of + n.（名词）：万一发生……，如 In case of fire, call 119. 例句：I'll keep a seat for you in case you change your mind.（我会给你留个座位，以防你改变主意。） 3. rather than 含义：而不是；与其…… 倒不如…… 用法： 连接两个并列成分（名词、动词、形容词等） 后接动词时，常用原形（如 would do A rather than do B） 例句：He prefers to walk rather than take a bus.（他宁愿走路也不愿坐公交。） 辨析：rather than vs. instead of rather than：可接动词原形，多用于 “主观选择” instead of：后接名词、代词或动名词，多用于 “客观替代” 4. put aside 含义：把…… 放一边；搁置；储存（钱或时间） 拓展：put 相关短语 put away（收好；储存） put off（推迟；延期） put forward（提出；提前） 例句：She puts aside a little money every month for her retirement.（她每月存一点钱以备退休之用。） 5. attach importance to 含义：重视；认为…… 很重要 拓展：attach v. 附上；系上；依恋；attachment n. 依恋；附件 例句：Most parents attach great importance to their children's education.（大多数父母都非常重视孩子的教育。） 6. in debt 含义：负债；欠账 反义短语：out of debt（还清债务） 拓展：debt n. 债务；欠款；owe a debt to sb.（欠某人的债） 例句：The company was in debt because of poor management.（这家公司因管理不善而负债累累。） 三、知识总结 本单元单词多围绕 “金钱、价值、生活态度” 展开，需掌握词性转换（如 value → valuable）和固定搭配。 短语take...into account、attach importance to、in debt 是单元高频考点，也是写作和完形填空的常考内容。 学习时注意区分易混词/短语（如 valuable vs. invaluable；earn vs. win），结合例句强化记忆。 重点02 情态动词表推测 知识精讲 本单元核心语法为 情态动词（Modal Verbs）的用法，尤其是表示推测的情态动词，同时涉及情态动词表 “能力、许可、义务” 的基础用法回顾，是高考的高频考点。 一、 核心语法：情态动词表推测 1. 情态动词对人或事物的状态、动作进行推测时，分为 肯定推测、否定推测、疑问推测 三类， 需根据时间（现在/过去） 和可能性大小选择对应词汇。 推测类型 情态动词 可能性 时间场景 例句及翻译 肯定推测 must 90% 以上（极肯定） 现在/正在进行 He must be at home. 他一定在家。 should/ought to 80% 左右（很可能，按常理推测） 现在/将来 The film should be interesting. 这部电影应该很有趣。 may/might/could 50% 左右 （可能，不确定） 现在/将来 She may come to the party. 她可能会来参加派对。 否定推测 can't/couldn't 90% 以上 （极不可能） 现在/过去 That can't be Lucy—she’s in Beijing. 那不可能是露西，她在北京呢。 may not/might not 50% 左右 （可能不） 现在/将来 He might not attend the meeting. 他可能不会出席会议。 关键拓展： 一、情态动词表对过去的推测 结构：情态动词 + have + 过去分词 1. must have done：肯定做过某事（对过去极肯定的推测） 例句：The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. 翻译：地面是湿的，昨晚一定下过雨。 2. can't/couldn't have done：不可能做过某事（对过去极否定的推测） 例句：He can't have stolen your wallet—he was with me all day. 翻译：他不可能偷了你的钱包，他一整天都和我在一起。 3. may/might/could have done：可能做过某事（对过去不确定的推测） 例句：She might have forgotten the appointment. 翻译：她可能忘了这个约会。 4. should have done：本该做某事（实际没做，表责备或遗憾） 例句：You should have handed in your homework yesterday. 翻译：你昨天本该交作业的。（实际没交） 5. needn't have done：本不必做某事（实际做了，表没必要） 例句：You needn't have bought so much food—we have enough. 翻译：你本不必买这么多食物，我们已经够了。 二、 情态动词的基础用法回顾 本单元通过课文语境复现了情态动词的基础功能，需结合语境区分： 1、表能力：can（现在）/could（过去）/be able to（强调通过努力做到，可用于各种时态） 例句：He can speak three languages. 他会说三种语言。 例句：She was able to swim across the river at the age of 10. 她十岁时就能游过河了。 2、表许可：can/may（请求许可）/could/might（更委婉）/must（必须，表命令） 例句：Can I use your phone? 我能用一下你的手机吗？ 例句：You must finish the task before 5 pm. 你必须在下午 5 点前完成任务。 3、表义务/必要性：must/have to（客观需要）/needn't（不必） 例句：You don't have to come if you are busy. 如果你忙的话，不必来。 三、 易混点辨析 1. can vs be able to can 只有现在时和过去时（could），不能用于将来时或完成时； be able to 可用于任何时态，强调 “通过努力具备的能力”。 例句：I will be able to solve this problem soon.（不能用 will can） 2. must vs have to must 表主观义务（自己认为必须做）； have to 表客观要求（外界条件迫使必须做）。 例句：I must study hard.（自己想努力） I have to study hard.（父母要求 / 考试压力） 3. may not vs can't may not 是 “可能不”（不确定）； can't 是 “不可能”（完全否定）。 例句：He may not like coffee.（他可能不喜欢咖啡） He can't like coffee—he never drinks it.（他不可能喜欢咖啡） 四、 课文原句语法应用 原句：It must be terrible to live in a cold country with no money. 语法点：must be 表对现在的肯定推测 翻译：在一个寒冷的国家没钱生活一定很糟糕。 原句：You couldn't have spent much money on it. 语法点：couldn't have done 表对过去的否定推测 翻译：你不可能在这上面花了很多钱。 好题精练 一、用适当的情态动词填空 1. The light is on. He ______ be at home now. 2. She looks worried. She ______ have heard some bad news. 3. The ground is dry. It ______ have rained last night. 4. —Where is Lucy? —She ______ be in the library, but I’m not sure. 5.You ______ have told him the truth; it made him so sad. 6. They ______ not be rich—their house is very small. 7. —______ this be John’s pen? —It might be. His name is on it. 8. You ______ not have bought the book. I have a copy for you. 二、单项选择 1. —Look! Someone is coming. Who ______ it be? —It ______ be Tom. He said he would come. A. can; must B. may; can C. must; can D. can; may 2. He ______ have finished his work, otherwise he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t 3. —I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer. —Oh, I’m sorry. I ______ dinner at my friend’s home. A. Had B. must have had C. have had D. must have 4. You ______ have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain. A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 5. She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam. I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. Should B. could C. must D. might 参考答案及解析 一、填空答案 1. must（灯亮着，极肯定推测他在家） 2. must（她看起来焦虑，极肯定推测听到了坏消息） 3. can’t（地面干燥，极否定推测昨晚没下雨） 4. may/might/could（不确定她是否在图书馆） 5. shouldn’t（本不该告诉他真相，表责备） 6. may/might（不确定他们是否有钱） 7. Can/Could（疑问句表推测） 8. needn’t（本不必买书，我有多余的） 二、单选答案及解析 1. A 解析：疑问句用 can 表推测；答句根据 “他说会来”，用 must 表极肯定推测。 2. B 解析：根据 “他在海边玩得开心”，用 must have done 表对过去的肯定推测。 3. B 解析：对过去没接电话的原因进行推测，用 must have had。 4. B 解析：天要下雨了，本不必浇花，用 needn’t have done。 5. C 解析：她很开心，结合考试不难，用 must 表极肯定推测。 真题感知 一、单项选择 1．（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期末）The ancient manuscript ______ with extreme care but it was damaged a lot. A．must be handled B．must have been handled C．should be handled D．should have been handled 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：这份古代手稿本应非常小心地处理，但却损坏了很多。根据句意可知，空格涉及“should have done”的用法，意为“本应该做某事（但实际上没做）”，“manuscript”和“handle”为被动关系，故空格处应用“should have been done”，“handle”的过去分词为“handled”，故空格处应用“should have been handled”。故选D项。 2．（24-25高一下·湖南株洲·期末）You ________ be punished if you break the school rules. A．would B．shall C．must D．should 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：如果你违反学校规定，将会受到惩罚。A. would将要（表示过去将来时）；B. shall应，必须（用于法律、规则）；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。在此处表示根据法律、规定或协议等必须或应该做的事情，用于第二、三人称时，可以表示警告、允诺、命令、决心等语气。在此上下文中，该句是在警告某人如果违反校规就会受到惩罚，符合shall的用法。故选B。 3．（24-25高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）—Mom,_____I hang out with Susan now? —No,you_____.It’s dangerous for two girls to be outside at night. A．could;can’t B．could;needn’t C．should;can’t D．must;couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——妈妈，我现在能和苏珊出去玩吗？——不，你不能。两个女孩晚上在外面是危险的。情态动词could用于有礼貌地提出请求，常用于疑问句，代替can，但是其语气要比can更加委婉，有礼貌，其否定回答不用 could ，习惯上否定回答用 can't；should表示“应该”；must表示“必须”；can’t表示“不能；不可以”；needn’t表示“不需要”；couldn't表示“不能够”。根据句意，空一表示提出请求，空二表示不允许，否定回答，could和can’t符合句意。故选A。 4．（24-25高一下·吉林长春·期末）You________ worry about money. I’ll support you if you need. A．dare B．dare not C．must D．mustn’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你不必担心钱的问题。如果你需要，我会支持你的。A. dare敢；B. dare not不敢；C. must必须，一定；D. mustn’t不必。根据后文“I’ll support you if you need.”可知此处指“不必担心”应用mustn’t。故选D。 5．（24-25高一下·江苏盐城·期末）—Jane, why don’t you take a bite of the chocolate? —Well, I am on diet, if you __________know. A．must B．shall C．would D．could 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——简，你为什么不咬一口巧克力呢？——好吧。我在节食，如果你一定要知道的话。A. must必须，一定；B. shall将要；C. would将会；D. could能够，可以。此处if you must know为习惯表达，其中的must表示执意，即执意要做某事，表示“如果你必须知道，如果你一定要知道的话”。故选A。 二、阅读理解七选五 （24-25高一下·安徽宣城·期末）High school life is a dynamic journey filled with academic challenges and personal growth opportunities. 1 . Below are proven methods to help you strike a balance. ◆Prioritize tasks and build a structured routine Creating a clear daily routine is the cornerstone of effective time management. 2 . Then, categorize them into “urgent”, “important”, and “optional”. For example, if you have a chemistry lab report due tomorrow, mark it as urgent and prioritize it over optional tasks like browsing social media. ◆Avoid overcommitment and learn to decline Many students overcommit themselves, thinking they can handle everything. 3 . More often than not, we are supposed to balance extracurricular and academic responsibilities. For instance, if you’re already captain of the debate team and volunteering at the animal shelter, consider declining an invitation to join the school newspaper. 4 . ◆ 5 Setting short-term and long-term goals can keep you motivated and focused. Break down large projects into smaller milestones. If you’re preparing for the final exam, for example, set weekly goals such as completing a practice test, reviewing vocabulary lists, or attending a tutoring session. This makes it easier for you to better check your progress and help you stay on track. A．Divide goals into achievable steps B．Seek feedback from teachers and peers C．Participating actively in class discussions really counts D．To thrive in both areas, students need strategic approaches E．However, this often leads to burnout and poor performance F．Learning to say “no” gracefully is a skill that will serve you well in college and beyond G．Start by listing all your tasks, including classes, homework, and extracurricular activities 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．E 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何平衡高中生活中的学业挑战和个人成长机会的方法。 1．根据上文“High school life is a dynamic journey filled with academic challenges and personal growth opportunities.(高中生活是一段充满活力的旅程，其中既有学术上的挑战，也有个人成长的机遇。)”和下文“Below are proven methods to help you strike a balance.(以下是一些已被证实有效的方法，可帮助您达到平衡状态。)”可知，空处应该表明学生如果想要两者兼顾，需要有一些方法，故选项D. To thrive in both areas, students need strategic approaches(要在这两个方面都取得成功，学生们就需要采取有策略的方法)中的both areas指代上文中的academic challenges and personal growth opportunities，下文中的methods与选项D中的approaches相呼应，故选项D承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 2．根据上文“Creating a clear daily routine is the cornerstone of effective time management.(制定一个清晰的每日计划是有效管理时间的基础。)”和下文“Then, categorize them into “urgent”, “important”, and “optional”.(然后，将它们分类为“紧急”、“重要”和“可选”类别。)”可知，空处应该说明制定每日计划的第一步；选项G. Start by listing all your tasks, including classes, homework, and extracurricular activities(首先列出你所有的任务，包括课程、作业以及课外活动)具体说明了制定清晰的每日计划的开始步骤，承上启下，语意连贯。故选G。 3．根据上文“Many students overcommit themselves, thinking they can handle everything.(许多学生过度承诺自己，认为自己可以处理所有事情。)”和下文“More often than not, we are supposed to balance extracurricular and academic responsibilities.(通常情况下，我们应该在课外活动和学业任务之间找到平衡。)”可知，空处应为转折句，指出过度承诺自己，认为自己可以处理所有事情的危害；选项E. However, this often leads to burnout and poor performance(然而，这往往会导致身心疲惫以及工作表现不佳)明确指出了这样做所导致的负面结果，引出了下文我们应该做的正确方式，语意衔接合理。故选E。 4．根据第三段主题句“Avoid overcommitment and learn to decline(避免过度承诺，并学会拒绝。)”上文“For instance, if you’re already captain of the debate team and volunteering at the animal shelter, consider declining an invitation to join the school newspaper.(例如，如果你已经是辩论队的队长，并且还在动物收容所做志愿者，那么就考虑拒绝加入校报的邀请吧。)”可知，空处为第三段结尾句，故应该总结说明要学会拒绝；选项F. Learning to say “no” gracefully is a skill that will serve you well in college and beyond(学会优雅地说“不”是一种技能，它会在你的大学生活乃至今后的岁月里为你带来诸多益处。)清晰指出了学会拒绝的好处，与段落主题相呼应。故选F。 5．空处为第四段段落主题句，参考第二、三段可知，应用祈使句；根据该段“Setting short-term and long-term goals can keep you motivated and focused. Break down large projects into smaller milestones. (设定短期和长期目标能够让你保持动力并集中精力。将大型项目分解为较小的阶段性目标。)”可知，该段主要说明要设定短期和长期目标，并将目标划分为阶段性的小目标，这样有助于更好地实现；故选项A. Divide goals into achievable steps(将目标分解为可实现的步骤)总结了该段大意，符合段落主题。故选A。 综合提升练 一、单词拼写（根据句意及首字母提示填空，每空1分，共5分） 1. Health is more v______ than any material wealth in the world. 2. Through hard work, he has created a lot of w______ and improved his family's life. 3. You can't j______ a book only by its cover—its content may be wonderful. 4. She e______ her living by selling handmade crafts online. 5. It's unwise to i______ the warnings about climate change; we must take action now. 参考答案及解析 1. valuable 解析：考查形容词拼写及语境理解。句意为“健康比世界上任何物质财富都更______”，结合首字母v及单元核心词，此处应填valuable（宝贵的）。注意词性为形容词，对应名词value（价值），需区分拼写（不要漏写中间的“u”）。 2. wealth 解析：考查名词拼写。句意为“通过努力工作，他创造了大量______，改善了家庭生活”，首字母w对应单元词wealth（财富），为不可数名词，故填原形，注意与形容词wealthy（富有的）区分。 3. judge 解析：考查动词拼写及固定搭配。句意为“你不能只凭封面______一本书——它的内容可能很精彩”，结合首字母j及“以貌取人”的同义表达，此处填judge（判断），对应固定搭配judge...by/from...（根据……判断）。 4. earns 解析：考查动词拼写及主谓一致。句意为“她通过在网上卖手工艺品______谋生”，首字母e对应earn（赚得），固定搭配earn one's living（谋生）；主语she为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，故填earns。 5. ignore 解析：考查动词拼写。句意为“______关于气候变化的警告是不明智的，我们现在必须采取行动”，首字母i对应ignore（忽视），it为形式主语，真正主语是to do不定式，故填动词原形。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每空1分，共5分） 1. We all ______ (value) the friendship that we have built over the past ten years. 2. The old man is a man of great ______ (wise), and everyone in the village respects him. 3. He was accused of ______ (ignore) the safety rules, which led to the accident. 4. The ______ (judge) announced the final result of the competition, and the audience burst into applause. 5. She is from a ______ (wealth) family, but she never shows off her money. 参考答案及解析 1. value 解析：考查动词用法。value可作动词，意为“重视”，句意为“我们都重视过去十年建立的友谊”。主语we为复数，时态为一般现在时，故填原形。 2. wisdom 解析：考查词性转换（形容词→名词）。wise为形容词（明智的），此处需填名词作of的宾语，wisdom（智慧）为不可数名词，故填wisdom。固定搭配“a man of great wisdom”意为“极具智慧的人”。 3. ignoring 解析：考查非谓语动词。accuse sb. of doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“指责某人做某事”，of为介词，后接动名词，故填ignoring。句意为“他被指责忽视安全规则，这导致了事故的发生”。 4. judge 解析：考查词性转换（动词→名词）。judge作动词时意为“判断”，作名词时意为“法官；裁判员”，句意为“裁判员宣布了比赛的最终结果，观众爆发出掌声”，结合语境填judge（裁判员）。 5. wealthy 解析：考查词性转换（名词→形容词）。wealth为名词（财富），此处需填形容词修饰名词family，故填wealthy（富有的）。句意为“她来自一个富裕的家庭，但从不炫耀钱财”。 三、短语填空（选用方框内短语，并用其适当形式填空，每空1分，共6分） 备选短语：take...into account, in case, rather than, put aside, attach importance to, in debt 1. When making a decision, you should ______ all possible risks ______. 2. I always keep a first-aid kit at home ______ there is an emergency. 3. She chose to work in a small town ______ a big city, because she liked the quiet life. 4. My mother ______ some money every month so that she can travel abroad next year. 5. The government ______ environmental protection and has taken many measures to reduce pollution. 6. The couple used to be ______ because of their failed business, but now they have paid off all their loans. 参考答案及解析 1. take; into account 解析：考查固定短语。句意为“做决定时，你应该把所有可能的风险都______”，结合备选短语，take...into account意为“把……考虑进去”，符合语境。should后接动词原形，故填take; into account。 2. in case 解析：考查连词短语。句意为“我家里总是放着一个急救箱，______发生紧急情况”，in case意为“以防；万一”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境，故填in case。 3. rather than 解析：考查对比类短语。句意为“她选择在小城镇工作，______大城市，因为她喜欢安静的生活”，rather than意为“而不是”，连接两个并列的地点名词（a small town和a big city），符合语境，故填rather than。注意区分instead of（后接名词/动名词，此处为名词，虽可替换，但结合单元重点优先选rather than）。 4. puts aside 解析：考查put相关短语。句意为“我妈妈每月______一些钱，以便明年能出国旅行”，put aside意为“储存（钱或时间）”，符合语境。主语my mother为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，故填puts aside。 5. attaches importance to 解析：考查固定短语。句意为“政府______环境保护，并采取了许多措施减少污染”，attach importance to意为“重视”，符合语境。主语the government为单数，时态为一般现在时，故填attaches importance to。注意attach需用三单形式，importance为不可数名词。 6. in debt 解析：考查固定短语。句意为“这对夫妇因为生意失败曾经______，但现在他们已经还清了所有贷款”，结合后半句“还清贷款”，可知前半句为“负债”，in debt意为“负债”，符合语境，故填in debt。其反义短语为out of debt（还清债务）。 四、单项选择（每题1分，共5分） 1. —Why do you think this book is so popular? —Because it contains ______ of useful information about personal finance. A. a wealth B. wealth C. wealthy D. wealths 2. Don't ______ his words seriously—he was just joking. A. earn B. judge C. ignore D. take 3. We should ______ some time every day to do sports, which is good for our health. A. put aside B. put off C. put up D. put away 4. The company is deeply ______ because of the economic crisis, and it may close down soon. A. in case B. in debt C. in trouble D. in danger 5. ______ being a teacher, he also works as a part-time writer. A. Rather than B. Instead of C. In addition to D. Except for 参考答案及解析 1. A 解析：考查wealth的用法。wealth为不可数名词，意为“财富；大量”，固定搭配“a wealth of”表示“大量的”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词（此处information为不可数名词）。句意为“因为它包含了大量关于个人理财的有用信息”。B选项wealth单独使用不能表示“大量”；C选项wealthy为形容词，不能作宾语；D选项wealths为错误形式（不可数名词无复数），故选A。 2. D 解析：考查动词辨析及固定搭配。take sth. seriously为固定短语，意为“认真对待某事”，句意为“别认真对待他的话——他只是在开玩笑”。A选项earn（赚得）、B选项judge（判断）、C选项ignore（忽视）均不与seriously搭配，故选D。 3. A 解析：考查put相关短语辨析。A选项put aside（储存时间/钱）；B选项put off（推迟）；C选项put up（举起；张贴）；D选项put away（收好；储存物品）。句意为“我们应该每天______一些时间做运动，这对健康有益”，结合语境，“储存时间”符合题意，故选A。 4. B 解析：考查固定短语辨析。A选项in case（以防）；B选项in debt（负债）；C选项in trouble（陷入麻烦）；D选项in danger（处于危险中）。句意为“这家公司因为经济危机深陷______，可能很快就要倒闭了”，结合“倒闭”的语境，“负债”更贴合单元主题（金钱相关），故选B。 5. C 解析：考查介词短语辨析。A选项Rather than（而不是）；B选项Instead of（代替）；C选项In addition to（除……之外还有）；D选项Except for（除……之外，强调排除的是整体中的部分）。句意为“______当老师，他还兼职做作家”，结合“also”（还），可知是“除……之外还有”，故选C。 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Online novels, dramas, and games are considered the “three carriages” that have brought modern Chinese culture overseas in recent years. 1 (full) absorbing China’s excellent traditional culture, they make use of the methods that young people love, and attract countless fans around the world. The new Chinese drama, or C-drama, Love Game in Eastern Fantasy, 2 (become) a hit both home and abroad by presenting a story that combines these “three carriages” since its release. With the creative setting of entering a fantasy novel 3 a game world setting, it did attract a large number of young global audiences. The drama 4 (adapt) from the very popular web novel The Guide to Capturing a Black Lotus, which had quite a number of followers. By employing 5 modern approach that the world’s Gen Z love, the TV series also leads audiences into a world 6 fiction and reality coexist. 7 a cultural carrier, film and television dramas not only allow audiences 8 (experience) the art of audio-visual expression, but also represent cultural heritage. From costumes to the sets, the TV series combines elements of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产), and has become a new highlight for cultural exports, 9 (show) the world the broad and profound charm of Chinese culture. The creative team took the world building into careful 10 (consider), trying to achieve breakthroughs in conceptual expression and aesthetics (美学) and aiming to convey the profound cultural heritage and creative spirit through every frame. 【答案】 1．Fully 2．has become 3．and 4．was adapted 5．a 6．where 7．As 8．to experience 9．showing 10．consideration 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍网络小说、剧集、游戏是中国文化出海的“三驾马车”，以《 Love Game in Eastern Fantasy》为例，说明其融合传统文化与现代元素，成文化输出亮点。 1．考查副词。句意：它们充分汲取了中国优秀的传统文化精髓，采用年轻人喜爱的方式进行传播，并吸引了全球众多的粉丝。修饰动词absorb用副词fully，首字母大写。故填Fully。 2．考查时态。句意：这部名为《永夜星河》的新中国电视剧在国内外都大获成功，原因在于其剧情融合了“这‘三部曲’”元素，自播出以来便广受好评。根据后文since its release可知为现在完成时，主语为The new Chinese drama, or C-drama, Love Game in Eastern Fantasy，助动词用has。故填has become。 3．考查连词。句意：凭借进入奇幻小说世界以及游戏世界那样的独特设定，它确实吸引了大量全球年轻观众的关注。此处the creative setting of entering a fantasy novel与a game world setting为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 4．考查时态。句意：这部剧是根据非常受欢迎的网络小说《黑莲花攻略手册》改编而成的，该小说拥有众多的粉丝。主语drama与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文which had quite a number followers可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was adapted。 5．考查冠词。句意：通过采用深受全 Z世代喜爱的现代手法，这部电视剧还带领观众进入了一个虚构与现实相互交织的世界。approach是可数名词单数，此处表示“一种现代方法”，且modern是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 6．考查定语从句。句意：通过采用深受全球 Z 世代喜爱的现代手法，这部电视剧还带领观众进入了一个虚构与现实相互交织的世界。定语从句修饰先行词world，在从句作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 7．考查介词。句意：作为一种文化载体，影视剧不仅能让观众领略到视听艺术的魅力，还能承载和展现文化传承的意义。表示“作为”，后跟名词作宾语，用介词as，首字母大写。故填As。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一种文化载体，影视剧不仅能让观众领略到视听艺术的魅力，还能承载和展现文化传承的意义。此处为短语allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”。故填to experience。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：从服装到布景，这部电视剧融合了非物质文化遗产的元素，成为文化输出的新亮点，向世界展示了中国文化的博大精深的魅力。句子已有谓语动词has become，此处需用非谓语动词，the TV series与show之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词作伴随状语。故填showing。 10．考查名词。句意：创作团队在构建世界场景时进行了精心考量，力求在概念表达和美学方面取得突破，并希望通过每一帧画面来传达深厚的文化底蕴和创新精神。take...into consideration是固定短语，意为 “把……考虑在内”，故填consideration。 六、总结与反思 1. 本次练习重点考查了单元核心单词（valuable, wealth, judge等）的拼写、词性转换，以及高频短语（take...into account, attach importance to等）的运用，需重点记忆固定搭配和词性变化规则。 2. 易错点提醒：① wealth为不可数名词，需牢记固定搭配a wealth of；② 动词第三人称单数形式的正确运用（如earns, puts, attaches）；③ 易混短语（rather than vs. instead of, in debt vs. in trouble）的语境区分。 3. 建议：结合解析整理错题，针对薄弱知识点（如词性转换、短语搭配）进行专项复习，多结合例句强化 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $