Unit1一般过去时（Simple Past Tense） 语法详解+专项练习2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit1语法一般过去时（Simple Past Tense） 详解+专项练习 1. 概念 一般过去时表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作、存在的状态，或过去经常性、习惯性的动作。 2. 构成形式 （1）be动词的一般过去时 人称/数 肯定形式 否定形式 疑问形式 简略回答 第一人称单数（I） was wasn’t Was I...? Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t. 第三人称单数（he/she/it） was wasn’t Was he/she/it...? Yes, he/she/it was./No, he/she/it wasn’t. 第二人称单复数（you）/第一、三人称复数（we/they） were weren’t Were you/we/they...? Yes, you/we/they were./No, you/we/they weren’t. 教材例句： · 肯定：I was on holiday in Yunnan last month. · 否定：She wasn’t happy with the hotel. · 疑问：Were you with your family on holiday? （2）实义动词的一般过去时 ① 规则动词的过去式变化 变化规则 示例 备注 一般情况加-ed work→worked, play→played 以e结尾加-d live→lived, like→liked 重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ed stop→stopped, plan→planned 尾字母为w/x/y时不双写（play→played） 辅音+y结尾变y为i加-ed study→studied, try→tried 元音+y结尾直接加-ed（enjoy→enjoyed） ② 本单元核心不规则动词过去式 原形 过去式 教材例句 go went I went to Yunnan on holiday. do did What did you do on holiday? have had We had a great time. eat ate We ate steamed chicken soup. see saw I saw a beautiful rainbow. meet met She met someone interesting. try tried I tried something new. ③ 实义动词一般过去时句式结构 句式 结构 教材例句 肯定句 主语+动词过去式+其他 He visited a museum last week. 否定句 主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他 She didn’t go anywhere special. 一般疑问句 Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ Did you eat anything special? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ Where did you go on holiday? 3. 核心考点拆解 （1）不规则动词拼写 这是学生易错点，需语境记忆（如go→went, eat→ate），避免与规则动词混淆。 （2）否定句/疑问句的动词形式 易错点：添加didn’t/did后，实义动词必须还原为原形。 · 错误：He didn’t went to school. → 正确：He didn’t go to school. · 错误：Did she ate breakfast? → 正确：Did she eat breakfast? （3）be动词与实义动词句式区别 · be动词：否定/疑问直接变形式（was→wasn’t, were→Were），无需加did； · 实义动词：否定/疑问必须借助did/didn’t，且动词还原。 专项练习题 （1）基础题：写出动词的过去式（15题） 1. play → 2. visit → 3. live → 4. stop → 5. study → 6. go → 7. eat → 8. have → 9. see → 10. meet → 11. try → 12. do → 13. take → 14. get → 15. make → （2）基础题：用所给动词的适当形式填空（10题） 16. I ________ (go) to the cinema with my friends last Saturday. 17. She ________ (not finish) her homework yesterday evening. 18. ________ (be) you born in Beijing? 19. They ________ (visit) their uncle in the countryside last month. 20. We ________ (have) a big dinner on New Year’s Eve. 21. He ________ (eat) a bowl of noodles for breakfast this morning. 22. My father ________ (not watch) TV last night; he read a book. 23. ________ (do) your brother play football yesterday? 24. I ________ (see) a tiger at the zoo last week. 25. She ________ (meet) her old friend on the street yesterday. （3）提升题：句型转换（10题） 26.He played football in the park.（改为否定句） _________________________________________________________________ 27.We went to the supermarket yesterday.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 28. She was happy at the party.（改为否定句） _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 29. They had a good time on holiday.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 30. I was late for school because I missed the bus.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 31. He went to Shanghai by plane.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 32. They visited the Great Wall last year.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 33. She bought a new dress in the shop.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 34. I saw three pandas at the zoo.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 35.He did his homework at 7 p.m. yesterday.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ （4）拓展题：用一般过去时完成句子/短文（8题） 36.我昨天早上七点起床。 I ________ (get) up at seven o’clock yesterday morning. 37. 他们假期里去了巴黎。 They ________ (go) to Paris on holiday. 38. 她没吃早饭就去上学了。 She ________ (not eat) breakfast and went to school. 39. 我们在博物馆里看到了很多有趣的东西。 We ________ (see) many interesting things in the museum. 40. 他上周给我寄了一张明信片。 He ________ (send) me a postcard last week. 41. 用一般过去时补全短文 Last summer holiday, I ________ (go) to Qingdao with my family. We ________ (take) a train there and ________ (arrive) in the afternoon. The weather ________ (be) sunny and hot. We ________ (go) to the beach every day and ________ (swim) in the sea. I also ________ (eat) lots of seafood. It ________ (be) a great holiday! 参考答案 （1） 1. played 2. visited 3. lived 4. stopped 5. studied 6. went 7. ate 8. had 9. saw 10. met 11. tried 12. did 13. took 14. got 15. made （2） 16. went 17. didn’t finish 18. Were 19. visited 20. had 21. ate 22. didn’t watch 23. Did 24. saw 25. met （3） 26. He didn’t play football in the park. 27.— Did you go to the supermarket yesterday? — Yes, we did. 28. She wasn’t happy at the party. 29. — Did they have a good time on holiday? — No, they didn’t. 30. Why were you late for school? 31. How did he go to Shanghai? 32. What did they do last year? 33. Where did she buy a new dress? 34. How many pandas did you see at the zoo? 35. When did he do his homework? （4） 36.got 37. went 38. didn’t eat 39. saw 40. sent 41. went; took; arrived; was; went; swam; ate; was ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $