Unit 3 Sea Exploration Reading and Thinking 配套练习 -2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

Unit 3 Sea Exploration-第1课时 Reading and Thinking.配套练习 Part1 基础过关 一、根据不同语境写出黑体词语的意思。 1.(1) Family get-togethers are a great way for family members to understand the lives of each other and strengthen family bonds. __________ (2)Whether it's a concert ticket or a weekend getaway, experiences allow people to bond with one another in a meaningful way. ____________________ 2.(1)If you cannot find your phone, withdraw from all your accounts that are accessible on the phone and try to disable them. ____________ (2) When we are at our lowest, we tend to withdraw from other people because we fear their judgment. ____________ (3)Some savings accounts allow you to withdraw money whenever you like, but some will keep your money locked away for several years. ______ 3.(1) Extend the lifespan of your clothes by following proper care instructions — machine washing at low temperatures whenever possible to conserve energy. ______________ (2) The works of Qu Yuan had a profound impact on later generations,which extends to the development of Chinese poetry and the shaping of national character. ______________________ (3)The study indicates that emergency preparedness plans should find ways to extend mental health services throughout the recovery phase. ____________ 二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The reason why friendships often end when friends are apart for an _________ (extend) period of time is that one or both of the friends change. 2.It requires ___ good command of calligraphy as well as excellent skill in painting flowers, birds and landscapes. 3.If you are a business person ___________ (negotiate) with a large enterprise about a deal, you should do it face to face, using formal language in a straightforward manner. 4.Several famous Chinese table tennis stars announced their ___________ (withdraw) from the world rankings, citing new regulations implemented by World Table Tennis. 5.The imperial brick kiln still remains ___________ (operation) today, with its bricks being applied to heritage restoration projects like the Summer Palace. 6.At the pet hospital, we've long recognized the special bond ________ people and their pets, as well as the positive impact pets have on our society. 7. ____ is often the case, elderly people find it hard to teach themselves new skills even if they are aware that learning is a lifelong process. Part2 语法过关 三、语法填空 People of early civilisations were 1.__________(passion) about completing the great map of the world. In ancient times, China traded and found its silk along what became 2._______(know) as the Silk Road. Meanwhile, a new trading route across the sea 3._____________(extend) along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon. Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more 4.__________(aware) of each other's cultures. Later, the Ming Dynasty 5._______(far) developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, 6.______ the command of Zheng He, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration, 7.________(seek) cooperation and friendship between China and other countries. Although China stopped expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes still served as active channels. Today, people are still eager to reach out across the sea. 8._____ Belt and Road Initiative is aimed at encouraging cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthening the bonds, 9._______ connect China and the rest of the world. In recent years, China has also been exploring the Arctic together with other nations. With the latest technology in hand, China will be driven 10._________(reach) out across the sea far into the future. 4、 短文填空。 At 8:12 on November 10, 2020, Fendouzhe, China's latest and 1._____ (three) deep-sea manned vessel (潜水器) successfully landed on the bottom of the Mariana Trench, 2._______ (set) a new record of 10,909-meter manned deep diving. During3.____ deep sea scientific exploration, Fendouzhe will bring back precious video data, mineral and biological samples for4._______ (far) scientific research on the Mariana Trench. Fendouzhe,5._______ inner space is the largest of its kind in the world, can accommodate three researchers at the same time. A new type of material independently 6.__________ (develop) by China ensures that the vessel is capable of resisting high pressure on the deepest seabed. Due 7.___ the improved communicating system, Fendouzhe can send real-time texts, voices and images from the 10,000-meter-deep seabed to the mother ship on the sea surface. Fendouzhe can work undersea 8.____________ (continuous) for about 10 hours thanks to the key technical breakthrough in battery materials. In the 1960s, China put forward the dream of “exploring the moon in space and discovering the mysteries of oceans”.But until the 1990s, China's diving 9.______ (deep) remained at 600 meters, while MIRs (Russia's deep-sea manned vessel) had reached 6,000 meters. Since 2005, Chinese researchers 10.____________________________ (make) constant breakthroughs with its three deep-sea manned vessels Jiaolong, Haidou and Fendouzhe. Part3 阅读过关 五、阅读理解。 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)(海洋热能转换) is a renewable energy technology that uses the temperature difference between warm surface seawater and cold deep seawater to generate electricity. Unlike solar or wind power, OTEC operates continuously, unaffected by weather conditions. The principle is simple: warm water vaporizes a working fluid (like ammonia), driving a turbine, while cold water condenses the vapor back into liquid, creating a closed cycle. First proposed in the 1880s, OTEC gained attention in the 1970s during the oil crisis. However, high costs and technological challenges limited its development. Recent advancements in materials and engineering have revived(使恢复) interest. For instance, modern OTEC plants use titanium heat exchangers resistant to corrosion, significantly improving efficiency. One major challenge is the need for a temperature difference of at least 20°C between surface and deep water, restricting OTEC to tropical regions. Additionally, laying pipes to pump cold water from depths of 1,000 meters requires massive infrastructure. Critics argue that the energy used to pump water might cancel out OTEC's benefits, but proponents counter that OTEC's side products—cold nutrient-rich water and desalted water—add value to agriculture and drinking supply. A pilot project in Hawaii has demonstrated OTEC's potential. The plant powers 120 homes while providing cold water to cool nearby buildings and freshwater for irrigation(灌溉). Researchers are also exploring hybrid systems combining OTEC with offshore wind or solar farms to maximize energy output. If scaled up globally, OTEC could supply up to 10% of the world's electricity by 2050, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Despite its promise, OTEC faces skepticism. Environmentalists warn that changing ocean temperatures locally might harm marine ecosystems. Yet, compared to oil spills or coal emissions, OTEC's impact is very small. As climate urgency grows, OTEC represents a critical step toward sustainable energy independence. 1.What is the basic working mechanism of OTEC?( ) A.It captures kinetic energy from ocean currents. B.It uses tidal movements to spin underwater turbines. C.It relies on solar panels floating on the ocean surface. D.It turns thermal energy from seawater into electricity. 2.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?( ) A.The global distribution of OTEC plants. B.The economic possibility of OTEC projects. C.The progress and technological innovation of OTEC. D.The environmental challenges of OTEC development. 3.What can be inferred from the pilot project in Hawaii?( ) A.OTEC's energy output is higher than offshore wind farms. B.OTEC can completely replace fossil fuels in the future. C.OTEC has the potential for multi-purpose applications. D.OTEC's environmental impact is insignificant. 4.What is the author's attitude towards OTEC?( ) A.Optimistic about its role in sustainable energy. B.Doubtful about its technological possibility. C.Neutral regarding its environmental impact. D.Critical of its high operational costs. 六、七选五。 Could eating jellyfish be sustainable? Like giant sharks in films, jellyfish pose a major threat in real life — to kill people with their stings.1.___ They are reported to attack salmon farms, shut down power stations, etc. A research is even on whether box jellyfish could ultimately destroy our oceans — so could eating them be a possible solution? ●How is their ability to reproduce? Some people argue that due to their reproductive cycle, jellyfish are actually a sustainable food source.2.___ This is because they are spawned from polyps (水螅体) on the seabed. In some ways, you can compare them to apples. When you take an apple from a tree, the tree still goes on to produce more apples. ● What about their nutritional value? Jellyfish contain 36 calories per ounce, which is equal to that of iceberg lettuce.3.___ And indeed, in many parts of the world, particularly in Asia, they are already consumed, often raw, fried or chopped up as part of a salad. ●4.___ While some say they are flavourless, others describe them as having a salty taste. This could be due to their absorbent nature, which also leads them to being often served in a sauce. As for the texture, some people negatively compare the experience to eating gristle (软骨). They might not be the tastiest thing you've ever eaten, but it beats fleeing the sea to avoid being stung.5.___ A.But what do they taste like? B.Who would like to order them? C.And the potential danger they cause doesn't stop there. D.In addition, it is very convenient for the fishermen to catch them. E.However, it is full of protein, making it potentially a great diet food. F.Removing a jellyfish from the ocean doesn't stop new ones being born. G.So the next time you want something fresh, look at jellyfish as a sustainable alternative. 七、完形填空。 Nan Hauser is a marine biologist. Last week, Hauser was . .1. . near her ship when she spotted that an enormous figure . .2. .. It wasn't long before Hauser . .3. . him — a humpback whale(座头鲸). . .4. . with such creatures, she was unafraid and planned to continue her leisure activity. In the . .5. . of the animals, Hauser doesn't touch her whale subjects unless they're ill or in danger. However, on that day, it was the whale who . .6. . contact. “Instead of swimming past, he didn't . .7. . coming towards me until I was on his head...” she recalls. The whale rolled around and even pushed her several times. Hauser started losing her . .8. .. Humpback whales aren't dangerous animals, but any animal that big could . .9. . harm humans. With efforts and experience, Hauser . .10. . to get away from the whale and out of the water finally. When she looked out to the distant water on her ship, a very . .11. . scene came into sight：miles away was swimming a huge tiger shark. Hauser . .12. . what was going on immediately. Far from making an . .13. . the whale was trying to rescue her. “I've spent 28 years . .14. . whales, but never heard of such a thing. The experience makes me more . .15. . to be a guardian,” Hauser says. 1.( ) A.exploring B.resting C.observing D.diving 2.( ) A.passed B.hurt C.approached D.waited 3.( ) A.assisted B.recognized C.followed D.arrested 4.( ) A.Familiar B.Pleased C.Patient D.Busy 5.( ) A.eyes B.interests C.hope D.absence 6.( ) A.demanded B.avoided C.agreed D.initiated 7.( ) A.consider B.stop C.risk D.continue 8.( ) A.direction B.temper C.calmness D.mercy 9.( ) A.unintentionally B.irregularly C.naturally D.suddenly 10.( ) A.expected B.promised C.pretended D.managed 11.( ) A.rare B.alarming C.strange D.vivid 12.( ) A.figured out B.held back C.withdrew from D.thought through 13.( ) A.attempt B.example C.attack D.excuse 14.( ) A.learning B.searching C.protecting D.recording 15.( ) A.cautious B.qualified C.grateful D.determined 参考答案 一、家庭纽带；与……建立互信关系；从……退出；不与人交往；取钱；延长，使延期；(影响、范围)扩展至；提供，给予 二、extended；a；negotiating；withdrawal；operational；between；As； 三、passionate；known；was extended；awareness；further；under；seeking；The；which；to reach 四、third；setting；the；further；whose；developed；to；continuously；depth；have made/ have been making 五、DCCA 六、CFEAG 七、DCBAB DBCAD BACCD ( 1 ) 学科网（北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $