Unit1 People of Achievement 单元测试卷-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit1 People of Achievement 单元测试卷 考试时间：90分钟 总分：100分 班级： 姓名： 学号： 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Marie Curie (1867–1934) remains a towering figure in science. Born Maria Skłodowska in Poland, she moved to Paris to study, where she met her future husband, Pierre Curie. Together, they conducted groundbreaking research on radioactivity—a term she coined. In 1903, she became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, sharing the Physics prize with Pierre and Henri Becquerel for their work on radiation. Undeterred by Pierre’s tragic death in 1906, she continued her research, isolating pure radium. In 1911, she made history again by winning a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry, for discovering radium and polonium. She was the first person ever to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields. During WWI, she developed mobile X-ray units to help treat wounded soldiers. Her relentless dedication to science, despite immense personal and societal challenges, solidified her legacy as a pioneer. 1. What was Marie Curie’s major contribution mentioned in the text? A. Inventing the X-ray machine. B. Coining the term “radioactivity” and discovering radium and polonium. C. Founding the first university for women. D. Winning three Nobel Prizes. 2. What makes Marie Curie unique in Nobel Prize history? A. She was the youngest winner. B. She won prizes in two different scientific fields. C. She won the prize posthumously. D. She refused to accept the prize money. 3. Which of the following best describes Marie Curie’s character based on the text? A. Easily discouraged and private. B. Ambitious only for fame. C. Resilient and dedicated. D. Interested only in theoretical work. B Nelson Mandela (1918–2013) is celebrated globally as a symbol of resistance against apartheid and a champion of reconciliation. As a young lawyer in South Africa, he joined the African National Congress (ANC) to fight against the racist apartheid system. After years of non-violent protest proved ineffective against a brutal regime, he supported a shift to armed resistance, leading to his arrest in 1962. At the Rivonia Trial, he delivered a powerful speech stating his readiness to die for the ideal of a democratic and free society. He was sentenced to life imprisonment and spent 27 years in prison, often under harsh conditions. His release in 1990 marked a turning point. Instead of seeking revenge, he advocated for forgiveness and unity, leading negotiations to end apartheid. In 1994, he was elected South Africa’s first Black president in the country’s first fully democratic election. His presidency focused on dismantling apartheid’s legacy and promoting racial harmony through the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. 4. Why did Nelson Mandela initially turn to armed resistance? A. He preferred violence over peace. B. Non-violent protest seemed ineffective against the brutal apartheid regime. C. He was forced by other countries. D. He wanted to become president quickly. 5. What was significant about Mandela’s approach after his release from prison? A. He immediately sought revenge against his oppressors. B. He retired from public life. C. He advocated for forgiveness and peaceful negotiation to unite the country. D. He continued the armed struggle. 6. What was the main goal of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission during his presidency? A. To punish all former apartheid supporters. B. To promote racial harmony by uncovering past abuses and allowing amnesty in exchange for truth. C. To rewrite South Africa’s history books. D. To focus only on economic development. C Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) is the quintessential “Renaissance Man,” a person whose expertise spanned a wide range of fields. He is most famous as the painter of masterpieces like the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. However, his genius extended far beyond art. He was also a visionary scientist, engineer, and inventor. His notebooks, filled with thousands of pages of sketches and mirrored writing, reveal detailed studies of human anatomy (based on dissections), designs for flying machines, armored vehicles, and hydraulic pumps—ideas centuries ahead of their time. For da Vinci, art and science were not separate; they were interconnected ways of understanding and representing the natural world. His insatiable curiosity and meticulous observation of nature fueled both his artistic realism and his scientific inquiries. His life demonstrates that achievement can stem from an integrated, interdisciplinary approach to knowledge and a boundless curiosity about how things work. 7. Why is Leonardo da Vinci called a “Renaissance Man”? A. Because he lived during the Renaissance period. B. Because his expertise spanned multiple, diverse fields like art, science, and engineering. C. Because he only painted religious scenes. D. Because he was Italian. 8. What was the common thread connecting da Vinci’s work in art and science? A. The desire for fame and wealth. B. Meticulous observation of nature and an integrated approach to understanding the world. C. The use of expensive materials. D. Working only for powerful patrons. 9. According to the text, what is a key lesson from da Vinci’s life? A. Specialization in one narrow field is the only path to success. B. Great achievement can come from interdisciplinary curiosity and observation. C. Keeping detailed notebooks is unnecessary. D. All great artists should also be scientists. D Malala Yousafzai (born 1997) emerged as a global symbol for girls’ education and resilience. Growing up in Pakistan’s Swat Valley, she began writing a blog for the BBC under a pseudonym at age 11, detailing life under Taliban rule and her desire for education. As her profile rose, she became a vocal public advocate for girls’ right to learn. This made her a target. In 2012, a Taliban gunman shot her in the head on her school bus. She survived the assassination attempt and was flown to the UK for extensive treatment. Rather than retreating, she intensified her activism. In 2013, she co-authored the memoir *I Am Malala* and founded the Malala Fund to champion girls’ education worldwide. In 2014, at age 17, she became the youngest-ever recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. Her journey from a local blogger to an international icon shows that courage and conviction are not bound by age. She continues to fight for the right of every child to 12 years of free, safe, quality education, proving that one voice, no matter how young, can spark a global movement. 10. How did Malala first gain public attention? A. By winning a Nobel Prize. B. By writing a blog about life under the Taliban and her fight for education. C. By becoming a politician in Pakistan. D. By giving a speech at the United Nations. 11. What was the immediate consequence of her becoming a vocal advocate? A. She was awarded a scholarship. B. She became a target and was shot by the Taliban. C. The Taliban immediately changed their policies. D. She had to leave school. 12. What is the primary mission of the Malala Fund? A. To provide healthcare in Pakistan. B. To promote peace negotiations with the Taliban. C. To champion girls’ education worldwide. D. To support young artists. 13. The word “conviction” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. a criminal record B. a strong belief or principle C. a feeling of fear D. a legal trial 14. What does Malala’s story demonstrate according to the text? A. That activism is only for adults. B. That courage and the power to effect change are not limited by age. C. That education is only important in Western countries. D. That surviving an attack is the most important part of her story. 15. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. The History of Pakistan B. The Youngest Nobel Winner: A Voice for Education C. The Dangers of Blogging D. How to Recover from an Injury 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Qualities of Highly Achieved People While the fields they excel in vary greatly, many people of remarkable achievement share common personal qualities that contribute to their success. Understanding these traits can be inspiring and instructive. Passion and Curiosity. They are deeply driven by an intense interest in their field. This internal fire fuels them through difficult times. ___16___ They ask questions, seek to understand, and are never satisfied with superficial knowledge. Resilience and Perseverance. The path to achievement is rarely smooth. It is marked by failures, setbacks, and criticism. What sets high achievers apart is their ability to bounce back. ___17___ Thomas Edison famously said about inventing the light bulb, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” Focus and Discipline. They have the ability to concentrate deeply on their goals for extended periods. This often requires saying “no” to distractions and maintaining a rigorous work ethic. ___18___ Vision and Purpose. They are often guided by a clear sense of purpose or a vision of what they want to achieve or change in the world. This “big picture” motivates them beyond daily tasks. ___19___ Lifelong Learning. They maintain a student’s mindset, regardless of their expertise. They are open to new ideas, willing to adapt, and acknowledge that there is always more to learn. It’s important to note that these qualities are not innate gifts reserved for a few. ___20___ By cultivating passion, resilience, focus, and a commitment to learning in our own pursuits, we too can strive for meaningful achievement in our chosen paths. A. Talent is the only thing that matters for success. B. For Mandela, it was a free South Africa; for Malala, it is education for all girls. C. Coupled with passion is an endless curiosity about the world. D. Their success comes easily and without obstacles. E. They see setbacks as learning opportunities, not reasons to quit. F. They can be developed through conscious effort and habit. G. Discipline turns their passion and vision into consistent, productive action. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My grandfather was not a world-famous scientist or a political leader. He was a teacher in a small rural school for over forty years. Yet, in my eyes, he is a person of profound achievement. His classroom was a place of warmth and high ___21___. He believed every child, regardless of their background, could learn and thrive. He would spend extra hours after school tutoring students who struggled, not for pay, but because he saw a spark in them that needed ___22___. I remember one student, David, who was labeled “difficult” and was falling behind. Other teachers had ___23___ him. But Grandpa saw something else: a boy who loved drawing intricate diagrams of machines. Instead of forcing him to focus only on textbooks, Grandpa ___24___ David’s interest. He brought in broken clocks and radios for David to take apart and try to fix, integrating lessons on math and physics. He encouraged David to draw his designs and explain how they worked. Slowly, David’s ___25___ changed. He began engaging in class, not because he had to, but because he saw the ___26___ between his passion and academic subjects. Years later, David became a successful engineer. At his graduation, he sought out my grandfather, now retired, and said, “You were the one who made me believe I could ___27___ something.” This was my grandfather’s “achievement”: seeing ___28___ where others saw limitations. He measured his success not by awards or wealth, but by the lives he ___29___—the students who found their confidence, the ones who went to college, the ones who simply learned to love learning. His legacy wasn’t in a published paper or a famous invention; it was etched in the ___30___ of generations of students. He taught me that achievement isn’t always about grand, ___31___ acts that change the world overnight. More often, it’s about the quiet, consistent dedication to making a positive ___32___ in your own sphere of influence. It’s about the patience to nurture potential, the empathy to understand struggle, and the unwavering belief in human ___33___. Today, as I pursue my own career, I carry his lesson with me. I try to look for the “David” in every situation—the overlooked potential, the hidden talent. My grandfather’s life is a powerful reminder that the true value of an achievement lies in its ___34___ on others. A life spent lifting others up, empowering them to reach heights they never thought possible, is a life of immense and quiet ___35___. That is the kind of achievement I aspire to. 21. A. standards B. walls C. temperatures D. costs 22. A. ignoring B. hiding C. fueling D. punishing 23. A. praised B. promoted C. given up on D. envied 24. A. dismissed B. criticized C. embraced D. forgot 25. A. attitude B. drawing C. machine D. grade 26. A. conflict B. distance C. connection D. choice 27. A. buy B. be C. forget D. avoid 28. A. problems B. humor C. potential D. danger 29. A. touched B. counted C. controlled D. followed 30. A. textbooks B. buildings C. minds and hearts D. salaries 31. A. isolated B. dramatic C. secret D. quick 32. A. fortune B. difference C. noise D. deal 33. A. weakness B. complexity C. capacity D. history 34. A. price B. source C. method D. impact 35. A. ambition B. greatness C. wealth D. fame 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou (born 1930) is a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist whose work has saved millions of lives. In the 1960s and 70s, she was tasked with finding a treatment for malaria, a disease ___36___ was devastating many regions. Instead of following conventional Western research methods, she turned to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for inspiration. Her team examined ancient TCM texts and conducted research on thousands of herbal preparations. After numerous trials, an extract from sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua) showed promise. However, the initial results were inconsistent. ___37___ (return) to the ancient text, Tu had a key insight: the traditional method of preparing the herb used a low-temperature extraction process to preserve its active compound. Following this clue, her team successfully isolated the effective anti-malaria substance, ___38___ (late) named artemisinin. Tu and her team even tested the drug on themselves to ensure its safety ___39___ human trials. Artemisinin-based combination therapies are now the standard treatment for malaria worldwide. For this groundbreaking work, Tu ___40___ (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. She was the first Chinese Nobel laureate in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of China ___41___ (receive) a Nobel Prize in the natural sciences. Tu’s achievement highlights several important themes. It demonstrates the value ___42___ perseverance in scientific research, often requiring years of painstaking work. It also shows the potential of ___43___ (combine) traditional knowledge with modern science to solve contemporary problems. Her story is one of quiet dedication, ___44___ (free) from the desire for personal fame, focused solely on the goal of alleviating human suffering. Tu Youyou stands as a towering figure, not just for China, but for global public health, ___45___ (remind) us that great contributions often come from humble, persistent inquiry. 第三部分 翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 将下列中文句子翻译成英文，要求使用括号内所给的单词或短语。 46. 她的发现对现代医学产生了深远的影响。(have a profound impact on) 47. 他毕生致力于保护环境和野生动物。(devote oneself to) 48. 这位艺术家以其独特的风格和对细节的关注而闻名。(be known for) 49. 尽管面临许多挑战，她从未放弃她的梦想。(give up) 50. 他的故事激励了年轻一代去追求自己的目标。(inspire) 第四部分 书面表达（满分15分） 假设你是李华，你校英文报“Role Models”专栏正在征文。请你写一篇短文，介绍一位你最敬佩的“有成就的人”（可以是课文中的人物、公众人物、或者你身边的人），并阐述他/她身上最值得你学习的品质。 注意：词数80左右。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit1 People of Achievement 单元测试卷（答案） 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 1-5: BBCBC 6-10: BBBBB 11-15: BCBBB 第二节（七选五） 16-20: C E G B F 第二部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 21-25: A C C C A 26-30: C B C A C 31-35: B B C D B 第二节 语法填空 36. that / which 37. Returning 38. later 39. before 40. was awarded 41. to receive 42. of 43. combining 44. free 45. reminding 第三部分 翻译句子 46. Her discovery has had a profound impact on modern medicine. 47. He devoted his whole life to protecting the environment and wildlife. 48. This artist is known for his/her unique style and attention to detail. 49. Despite facing many challenges, she never gave up her dream. 50. His story inspires the younger generation to pursue their own goals. 第四部分 书面表达（参考范文） The person of achievement I admire most is Malala Yousafzai. What I find most inspiring is her incredible courage and resilience. After being attacked for advocating girls’ education, she didn’t retreat in fear. Instead, she became an even stronger global voice for the right of every child to learn. Her unwavering commitment to her cause, despite great personal danger, teaches me that conviction and bravery are not limited by age. She inspires me to stand up for what I believe in and to use my voice for positive change, no matter how daunting the obstacles may seem. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $