UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版）

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．She asked me whether the man was (be) a cheater.

2．Tom said that Mary would come (come) five days later.

3．The policeman asked him what he was doing (do) when the robber came in.

4．He applauded me, saying that I had done (do) something wonderful.

5．The teacher told us that the Earth travels (travel) around the sun.

6．He suggested we wait (wait) a while before we made the final decision.

7．He said after a short space of silence he would consider (consider) the problem again.

8．The teacher asked Tom why he (had) made (make) so many mistakes in his homework.

9．My mother told me that my classmate was waiting (wait) for me in the sitting room then.

10．Mr Smith said that China is (be) the biggest developing country in the world.

11．The student said that he had learnt (learn) about 5,000 English words by the end of last year.

12．He begged his mother to let (let) him stay up a little longer that night.

Ⅱ.语法与写作

1．妈妈问我是否能忍受那么恶劣的工作条件。

My mother asked me whether/if I could tolerate such bad working conditions.

2．这些举措旨在恢复公众对经济的信心。

These measures are intended to restore public confidence in the economy.

3．父亲让我在空闲时间研究生态学。

My father asked me to study ecology in my spare time.

4．地理老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。

The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

5．他告诉我自从他来到这里就一直教英语。

He told me that he had taught English since he came here.

Ⅲ.句型转换

1．Mr Green asked, “Jack, have you passed the exam yesterday？”

→Mr Green asked Jack whether/if he had passed the exam the day before.

2．“Let's take action to protect our planet，” the scientist said.

→The scientist advised us to take action to protect our planet.

3．The old man said, “I like to talk with these young men.”

→The old man said that he liked to talk with those young men.

4．“I've been cleaning up the house，” Bill's mother said.

→Bill's mother said that she had been cleaning up the house.

5．“I'll come and see you again this evening, Tom，” he said.

→He told Tom that he would go and see him again that evening.

6．“When is the examination going to be？” the student asked the teacher.

→The student asked the teacher when the examination was going to be.

Ⅳ.语法填空

Global warming could make humans shorter, warn scientists who are said 1.       (find) evidence that it caused the world's first horses to shrink nearly 50 million years ago.

In fact a team from the universities of Florida and Nebraska says it has found a link between the earth 2.       (heat) up and the size of mammals—horses.The scientists used fossils to follow the evolution (进化) of horses from their earliest 3.        (appear) 56 million years ago.

“As temperatures went up,4.        (they) size went down, and vice versa; at one point they were as small as a housecat，” said Dr.Jonathan Bloch, curator of the Florida Museum of Natural History.The scientists say that the current warming could have the same influence 5.       mammals — and could even make humans 6.        (small)．

Horses 7.        (start) out small, about the size of a small dog like a miniature schnauzer.8.        is surprising is that after they first appeared, they then became even smaller and then 9.       (drama) increased in size, and that exactly agrees with the global warming event.“It had been known that mammals were small when it was warm, 10.        we hadn't understood that the temperature really was driving the evolution of body size，” Dr.Bloch said in the Science journal.

[语篇解读]　说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，科学家们发现全球变暖可能影响哺乳动物体型大小，并特别以马的进化为例进行说明。

1．解析　to have found　考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家警告说，全球变暖可能会使人类变矮，据说他们已经找到证据表明，全球变暖导致了世界上第一批马在约5 000万年前缩小。非谓语担当主语补足语，构成句型：主语＋be＋ said＋ to do，意为“据说……”；由于发生在谓语动词之前，用不定式的完成式。故填to have found。

2．解析　heating　考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，佛罗里达大学和内布拉斯加州大学的一个研究小组表示，他们发现地球变暖与哺乳动物——马的大小之间的联系。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“the earth”和动词短语“heat up”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词形式。故填heating。

3．解析　appearance　考查名词。句意：科学家们利用化石追踪了马从5 600万年前最

早出现的进化过程。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式作介词的宾语。故填appearance。

4．解析　their　考查代词。句意：“随着温度的升高，它们的大小就会下降，反之亦然；有一段时间，它们的大小就像家猫一样，”佛罗里达自然历史博物馆馆长乔纳森·布洛赫博士说。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词性物主代词，修饰空后的名词“size”。故填their。

5．解析　on　考查固定短语。句意：科学家们说，目前的变暖可能对哺乳动物产生同样的影响，甚至可能使人类变得更小。固定短语：the influence on，意为“对……的影响”，符合句意。故填on。

6．解析　smaller　考查形容词比较级。句意：科学家们说，目前的变暖可能对哺乳动物产生同样的影响，甚至可能使人类变得更小。根据上文“Global warming could make humans shorter”可知，本句指的是“使人类更矮小”，用形容词比较级作宾补。故填smaller。

7．解析　started　考查谓语动词。句意：马开始的时候很小，大约像一只小型犬，比如迷你雪纳瑞犬。这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填started。

8．解析　What　考查主语从句。句意：令人惊讶的是，在它们首次出现后，它们变得更小，然后体型急剧增加，这与全球变暖事件完全一致。这里为主语从句的引导词，分析句子成分可知，主语从句缺少主语，用what引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填What。

9．解析　dramatically　考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，在它们首次出现后，它们变得更小，然后体型急剧增加，这与全球变暖事件完全一致。修饰动词“increased”用副词形式，表示“急剧地”。故填dramatically。

10．解析　but　考查连词。句意：“我们知道，哺乳动物在温暖的时候体型很小，但我们还没有理解到温度真的在驱动体型大小的进化，”布洛赫博士在《科学》杂志上说。空前“It had been known that mammals were small when it was warm”和空后“we hadn't understood that the temperature really was driving the evolution of body size”之间存在转折关系，用连词but连接。故填but。

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Mobile Bay in Alabama is home to a strange and unique occurrence.During the summer months, hundreds of fish and crustaceans (甲壳纲动物) from the deep waters of the bay move to the shallow waters.The free seafood is so plentiful and easy to catch with nets or bare hands that locals gather to fill their buckets with it.This natural phenomenon has existed for centuries.

Sarah Van Winkle, a student at the Alabama School of Math & Science, is no stranger to the