内容正文:
小升初英语专题复习
英语四大时态
知识点归纳及专项练习(附答案解析)
一、知识点归纳
(一)一般现在时
1.一般现在时的用法
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与always、 usually、sometimes、often、never等副词连用。
如:I go to school every day except Saturdays and Sundays.除了星期六和星期日,我每天都上学。
My mother often gets up at 6 o'clock.我妈妈经常六点钟起床。
(2)表示现在的状态、能力、性格、个性。
如:My father teaches maths.我的爸爸教数学。
Lin Yan dances well.林燕跳舞跳得很好。
(3)表示普遍真理或客观事实。
如:The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
The sun rises in the east.太阳在东边升起。
2.一般现在时的句型结构
句式种类
结构
例句
肯定式
主语+be动词(am/is/are)/动词的相应形式+其他
She is a teacher.
否定形式
主语+be动词(am/is/are)+not+其他
Tom isn’t good at swimming.
主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他
My mother doesn’t like singing.
一般疑问句
be动词(Am/Is/Are)+主语+其他
Are these your English books?
Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他?
Do they go to school by bus?
3.例题讲解。
(1)She sometimes (help) Ma Hua with her maths lesson.(用所给单词的适当形式填空。)
答案:helps
解析:①先读题,通过时间状语确定时态。②确定时态后,根据不同的时态,用不同的动词形式。句意:她有时会帮助马华学习数学功课。此题要抓住句中关键的时间状语sometimes,sometimes表示有时发生的事,故句子时态为一般现在时。在一般现在时中,主语she是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,help的第三人称单数形式为helps,故该空应填helps。
(2)She a pair of new shoes.
A. there isn't B. there aren't
C. don't have D. doesn't have
答案:D
解析:在一般现在时中,含有be动词的句子变否定句时,只需在be动词后加not;含有实义动词的句子,变否定句分两种:①主语是第三人称单数时,要在实义动词前加doesn't,后面的动词用原形;②主语不是第三人称单数时,只需在实义动词前加don't。句意:她没有一双新鞋子。there be句型表示“在某个地方存在某人/某物”,have表示“某人拥有某物”。主语she是人,A、B项不符合题意,排除;主语she是第三人称单数形式,在实义动词have前加doesn't,后面动词用原形,故选D。
(二)现在进行时
1.现在进行时的用法
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与always、 usually、sometimes、often、never等副词连用。
如:I go to school every day except Saturdays and Sundays.除了星期六和星期日,我每天都上学。
My mother often gets up at 6 o'clock.我妈妈经常六点钟起床。
(2)表示现在的状态、能力、性格、个性。
如:My father teaches maths.我的爸爸教数学。
Lin Yan dances well.林燕跳舞跳得很好。
(3)表示普遍真理或客观事实。
如:The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
The sun rises in the east.太阳在东边升起。
2.现在进行时的句式结构
句式种类
句式结构
例句
肯定句
主语+be动词+现在分词+其他
Amy is doing her homework.
否定句
主语+be动词+not+现在分词+其他
They aren’t having lessons now.
一般疑问句
be动词+主语+现在分词+其他?
Is she dancing now?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+现在分词+其他?
What are you doing now?
3.例题讲解
Look! Some children our school!
A. visit B. visits C. are visiting
答案:C
解析:①观察有无时间或时态的相关标志词,从标志词中确定时态。②确定时态后,选择相应的时态表达形式。句意:看!有些孩子我们的学校!由look“瞧”可知,本句要用现在进行时,表示正在发生的事。因此答案为C。
(三)一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示将来某一时间内经常发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语 tomorrow、soon、the day after tomorrow、in the future、next week等连用。
句式种类
句式结构
例句
肯定句
主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他
I will/shall go to the museum by subway next week.
主语+be going to+动词原形+其他
My sister is going to buy a new hat this afternoon.
否定句
主语+will/shall +not+动词原形+其他
His father will not /won't go fishing this afternoon.
主语+be动词+not going to +动词原形+其他
I am not going to play football this weekend.
一般疑问句
Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他?
Will you go to the cinema this Saturday?
Be动词+主语+going to +动词原形+其他?
Are you going to visit the Great Wall
next week?
倒装语序的特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
What will you do tomorrow?
3.例题讲解。
1. It (rain ) tomorrow, because it's windy and cloudy today.
答案:will rain/is going to rain
解析:当题目中出现tomorrow、soon、the day after tomorrow、 in the future、 next week等表示将来的时间状语时,句子时态一般要用一般将来时。一般将来时的句型结构为“主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他.1主语+be going to+动词原形+其他.”。句意:明天将会下雨,因为今天刮风且多云。根据句中tomorrow可知,句子时态为一般将来时。故该题应填 will rain 或 is going to rain。
2. What you going to do tomorrow morning?
A. is B. am C. Are
答案:C
解析:①观察句子中有没有一般将来时的标志词。②把一般将来时的句型结构和题目选项联系起来,由此得出恰当的选项。句意:明天早上你打算干什么?由句子中后置的时间状语tomorrow morning可知,此处时态为一般将来时,一般将来时可用“be going to+动词原形”的结构表示,意为“打算,将要”。其次,be动词要与主语的人称保持一致。
(四)一般过去时
1.一般过去时的用法
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与时间状语yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon、 last night/week/month、just now、a moment ago、two years ago、at that time、in the past等连用。
如:I went to Wuhan last month.我上个月去了武汉。
(2)表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作、习惯或状态。常与always或never 连用。
如:Mrs. White always carried an umbrella.怀特太太过去总是带着一把伞。
I never drank wine.我过去从不喝酒。
2.一般过去时的句式结构
(1)—What did you do last Sunday?
— I some trees with my friends.
A. plant B. planted C. plants D. planting
答案:B
解析:做此类题目时,应先看时间状语,判断动词应用的时态。此题注意plant的过去式为planted。句意:你上周日做了什么?我和我的朋友们种了一些树。本题中的时间状语 last Sunday 说明本句的时态为一般过去时,故选B。
(2)I am playing the piano now.(将句子改为一般过去时。)
答案:I played the piano yesterday.
解析:遇到句子时态改写类题目,应先把谓语动词改成相应的时态,然后用恰当的时间标志词替换原来的时间标志词。句意:我正在弹钢琴。原句是现在进行时,句中有现在分词playing和时间状语now。要把原句改为一般过去时,先把谓语动词改成过去式,再把now替换为表示过去的时间状语,如yesterday、last evening、just now等。因此,答案为:I played the piano yesterday.
二、专项练习
1.My sister always breakfast at seven in the morning.
A. have B. has C. having
2.—Where does your pen pal live?
—He in London.
A. live B. lives C. lived
3. There a cow and two sheep in the farm these days.
A. are B. is C. were
4.He at home and his homework every morning.
A. staies; does B. stayed;did C. stays; does
5. I listening to music very much, but she like it.
A. love; do B. loves; doesn’t C. enjoy;doesn't
6.—Where she ?
—She comes from Nanjing.
A. is; come from B. does; from C. is; from
7.There an English book and two erasers in his bag.
A. am B. are C.is
8. Sarah every weekend.
A. watch TV B. watches TV C. looks TV
9. on duty today?
A. Whose B. Who
C. Whom D. Who's
10. Mike can't chopsticks. He usually a knife and fork.
A. uses;use B. use;uses C. uses; uses
11. My brother a new bag, but I .
A. has;don't B. doesn't have; has C. has; am not
12. Her pen pal in the USA, but now she in Beijing.
A. lived;live B. lived;lives C. lives;lived
13.Doing sports me fit.
A. help; keep B. helps; keeps
C. help; keeps D. helps; keep
14.Look! The children kites in Yingfeng Park.
A. are flying B. flew C. fly
15.—What is the baby elephant doing?
— water in the lake.
A. They're drinking B. It drinks C. It is drinking
16. Look! Li Ming . He well. He wants to be a .
A. is dangcing; dance; dancer
B. dances; dances; dancers
C. is dancing; dances; dancer
17. My father is magazines in the living room.
A. reads B. watching C. reading
18. Shh, don't shout in the library. The students books.
A. are reading B. reading C. reads
19. the boys in the music room now?
A. Is; singing B. Are;singing C. Does; sing
20.—What are you doing, Mike?
— .
A. I often do exercises
B. I'm listening to music
C. I'm going to run
21.Everyone at the party but the door bell rings.
A. sing and dance
B. are singing and dancing
C. is singing and dancing
22.I played football yesterday. Now I basketball.
A. playing B. play C. am playing
23. Look, they are the insects carefully.
A. watch B. watching C. watched
24. A dog under the tree.
A. sleeping B. is sleeping C. sleep
25. There an interesting show here the day after tomorrow.
A. is going to B. will have C. will be
26. I some balloons to the party tomorrow.
A. bring B. brought C. will bring
27.Look at the black clouds in the sky. It .
A. rains B. was raining
C. is going to rain D. were rainy
28. I am going to buy a comic book .
A. yesterday B. tomorrow C. then
29. Listen! The students English songs in the classroom. Because they will a singing contest next month.
A. sing; have B. are singing; have C. singing;having
30. She to have a picnic tomorrow.
A. goes B. is going
C. went D. go
31. — he on a play at the party next Sunday?
—Yes, he is.
A. Was;going to put B. Is; going to put
C. Is; putting D. Are; put
32. There a football match at school this afternoon.
A. is going to be B. is going to have C. will have
33.—What are you going to do tomorrow?
—I a film with my father.
A. see B. seeing C. am going to see
34. It will in Beijing next Saturday.
A. be windy B. is windy C. windy
35.There no computers Internet many years ago.
A. are; or B. were;and C. were; or
36.There no tree before. Now there many trees here.
A. is; are B. was; were C. was; are
37. Jim two model planes. He them last week.
A. has; buys B. has;bought
C. had; buys D. had; bugs
38.—Excuse me, sir. This is Non-smoking Area.
—Oh, sorry, I the sign.
A. am not seeing B. don't see
C. didn't see D. won't see
39. at school yesterday afternoon?
A. Are you B. Do you
C. Did you D. Were you
40.—What ?
—I hurt my foot yesterday.
A. happening B. happen
C. happened D. is happening
41.—What the city dirty?
—Rubbish and smoke did.
A. make B. Makes
C. is making D. made
42.My father letters his friends twenty years ago.
A. write; for B. wrote;to
C. writes; to D. writing; for
43.I my homework yesterday. I am now.
A. do; playing B. did;plays
C. did; play D. did;playing
44. She to go to the park tomorrow.
A. goes B. is going
C. went D. go
45. Sam is with his grandpa at home now.
A. says B. talks
C. telling D. talking
46.There nothing he do in the race. So he was worried.
A. were;could B. was;could
C. was; can D. were; can
47. John read books at home .
A. now B. tomorrow C. yesterday
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
48. Tom's mother (have) a nice basket.
49. Tom usually (watch)TV on Friday. But he (see) a film last Friday.
50. John (have)a cold last night, so he didn't (sleep)well.
51. Look! It heavily. I don't like days.(rain)
52. She (like)swimming. She (swim )next weekend.
53. I often (fly)kites in the park on Sundays. But last Sunday I (ride ) bikes with my brother.
54. I (not milk) cows on the farm last Sunday.
55.I was at home yesterday. I (not go) to school.
56. I (leave)Shanghai last night.
57. They their teacher last Sunday. (visit)
58.I (see)a film with Mike yesterday.
59. John (buy)a nice book last week.
60. Mike (not wake ) up early this morning. So he was late for school.
61. Mike is (go) to see a film.
62. Tim likes very much. He a new book tomorrow. (read)
63. If I see a woman with a little baby, I (give) her my seat.
64. Miss Li's birthday (come)soon.
65. Miss Chen (start ) from Macao two hours ago. All of the students (wait ) her here now.
66. Look! The baby panda (get ) down from the tree.
67. They (not water ) the flowers now.
68. They are (have )a Chinese class now.
69. My grandmother is (drink) tea in the living room.
70. Look! My sister (fly)a kite.
71. Andy often (not do) his homework. His teacher is very angry.
72. Sam (let ) his friend (water ) the flowers every day.
73.My sister always (brush ) her teeth in the morning and before bedtime.
74. My aunt usually (go) to work by subway.
按要求完成下列句子。
75.We are going to have a dancing lesson next Friday.(用yesterday改写句子)
76. My mother usually gets up at six o'clock.(改为一般疑问句)
77.What did you do last weekend?(用stay at home 回答)
78. hurt,did,Where,foot,your, yesterday,you(?)(连词成句)
79. Li Shan went to the Bund yesterday.(就画线部分提问)
答案解析
1. 【答案】B
解析:句中 always(频率副词)和 in the morning(习惯性时间)明确时态为一般现在时;主语 my sister 是第三人称单数(简称“三单”),谓语动词需用三单形式。A. have(原形,用于第一/二人称或复数主语);B. has(have 的三单形式,符合要求);C. having(现在分词,需搭配 be 动词构成进行时,此处无 be 动词,排除)。故选B。
2. 【答案】B
解析:问句用助动词 does(三单形式),提示时态为一般现在时,答句需保持时态一致;主语 he 是三单,谓语动词用三单形式。A. live(原形,排除);B. lives(live 的三单形式,符合);C. lived(过去式,时态不符,排除)。
3. 【答案】B
解析:① there be 句型遵循“就近原则”——be 动词的单复数由靠近它的名词决定;此处靠近 be 动词的是 a cow(单数),故 be 动词用单数;② these days(这些天)提示时态为一般现在时,排除过去式。A. are(复数,与就近名词单数矛盾,排除);B. is(单数 + 一般现在时,符合);C. were(过去式复数,时态 + 单复数均不符,排除)。
4. 【答案】C
解析:① every morning 提示一般现在时,主语 he 是三单,谓语动词需用三单;② stay 的三单变形规则:以“元音字母 + y”结尾,直接加 s(正确形式为 stays,而非 staies);③ do homework 中 do 的三单形式是 does。A. staies(变形错误);does(正确)→ 整体排除;B. stayed(过去式);did(过去式)→ 时态不符,排除;C. stays(变形正确);does(正确)→ 符合要求。
5. 【答案】C
解析:① 第一空主语 I 是第一人称,谓语动词用原形;loves 是三单形式,排除 B;② 第二空主语 she 是三单,否定句需用助动词 doesn’t(后接原形),排除 A(do 用于第一 / 二人称)。A. love(正确);do(否定形式错误)→ 排除;B. loves(三单形式,与主语 I 矛盾)→ 排除;C. enjoy(原形,正确);doesn’t(否定形式正确)→ 符合要求。
6.【答案】C
解析:表达“某人来自哪里”有两种核心句型:① Where do/does sb. come from?(需用助动词 do/does,后接 come 原形);② Where is/are sb. from?(直接用 be 动词,后接 from)。A. is;come from(重复 be 动词和 come,结构错误,排除);B. does;from(缺少实义动词 come,结构错误,排除);C. is;from(符合句型②,正确)。
7.【答案】C
解析:there be 就近原则,靠近 be 动词的是 an English book(单数),故 be 动词用单数 is;am 仅用于主语 I,排除 A;are 用于复数名词,排除 B。A. am(主语不符,排除);B. are(复数,排除);C. is(单数,符合就近原则,正确)。
8.【答案】B
解析:① every weekend 提示一般现在时,主语 Sarah 是三单,谓语动词用三单形式;② “看电视”的固定搭配是 watch TV(watch 强调 “观看” 的动作,后接电视、比赛等;look 强调 “看” 的动作,需搭配 at,不能直接接 TV)。:A. watch TV(原形,排除);B. watches TV(三单形式 + 固定搭配,正确);C. looks TV(搭配错误,排除)。
9. 【答案】D
解析:句意 “今天谁值日?”,句子缺少主语和 be 动词(完整结构:Who is on duty today?);who's = who is,既作主语又包含 be 动词,符合结构。A. Whose(表 “谁的”,后接名词,此处无名词,排除);B. Who(仅作主语,缺少 be 动词,句子不完整,排除);C. Whom(宾格,不能作主语,排除);D. Who's(=who is,符合句子结构,正确)。
10. 【答案】B
解析:① 情态动词 can't(不能)后接动词原形,故第一空用 use(排除 A/C 的 uses);② usually 提示一般现在时,主语 he 是三单,第二空用 uses。A. uses(情态动词后接原形,错误);use(三单形式错误)→ 排除;B. use(原形,正确);uses(三单形式,正确)→ 符合要求;C. uses(两空均错误)→ 排除。
11. 【答案】A
解析:① 第一空主语 my brother 是三单,用 has(表 “有”);B 选项 doesn’t have(否定形式)与后句 “but I...”(转折关系)矛盾,排除;② 第二空表 “我没有(新书包)”,完整表达是 I don’t have a new bag,省略重复的 have a new bag 后,用 don’t(C 选项 am not 与 “有” 无关,排除)。A. has(正确);don't(否定省略正确)→ 符合要求;B. doesn’t have(与转折关系矛盾);has(逻辑错误,排除);C. has(正确);am not(否定形式错误,排除)。
12. 【答案】B
解析:① 第一空无时间状语,但与后句 now(现在)形成对比,表 “过去住在美国”,用一般过去时 lived(排除 C 的 lives);② 第二空 now 提示一般现在时,主语 she 是三单,用 lives(排除 A 的 live)。A. lived(正确);live(原形,错误)→ 排除;B. lived(过去时,正确);lives(三单 + 现在时,正确)→ 符合要求;C. lives(现在时,与 now 对比矛盾);lived(过去时,错误)→ 排除。
13.【答案】D
解析:① 主语 Doing sports(做运动)是动名词短语,视为单数,谓语动词用三单形式 helps;② 固定搭配 help sb. (to) do sth.(帮助某人做某事),to 可省略,故第二空用动词原形 keep。A. help(原形,主语单数需三单);keep(正确)→ 排除;B. helps(正确);keeps(三单形式,违反固定搭配)→ 排除;C. help(错误);keeps(错误)→ 排除;D. helps(正确);keep(正确)→ 符合要求。
14.【答案】A
解析:句首 Look!(看!)是现在进行时的核心时间标志,提示动作正在发生;结构为“be 动词 + 动词 ing”,主语 the children 是复数,be 动词用 are,fly 的 ing 形式是 flying。A. are flying(现在进行时,符合);B. flew(过去式,时态不符)→ 排除;C. fly(原形,一般现在时,时态不符)→ 排除。
15.【答案】C
解析:问句用 is...doing 明确是现在进行时,答句需保持时态一致;baby elephant 是单数,用代词 it,be 动词用 is,drink 的 ing 形式是 drinking。A. They're drinking(复数主语,与单数宾语矛盾)→ 排除;B. It drinks(一般现在时,时态不符)→ 排除;C. It is drinking(现在进行时 + 单数主语,符合)→ 正确。
16.【答案】C
解析:① Look! 提示第一空用现在进行时,dance 的 ing 形式是 dancing(易错拼写:去 e 加 ing,不是 dangcing);② 第二空描述常态(跳舞跳得好),用一般现在时,主语 he 是三单,dance 变 dances;③ 第三空 “想成为一名舞者”,用职业名词 dancer(单数)。A. dangcing(拼写错误);dance(原形,三单错误);dancer(正确)→ 排除;B. dances(一般现在时,与 Look 矛盾);dances(正确);dancers(复数,与 a 矛盾)→ 排除;C. is dancing(正确);dances(正确);dancer(正确)→ 符合要求。
17.【答案】C
解析:① 句中 is 提示用现在进行时(结构:is+doing);② “看杂志” 的固定搭配是 read magazines(watch 用于观看动态画面,如电视、比赛,不用于看书籍 / 杂志)。A. reads(三单形式,缺少 be 动词,不是进行时)→ 排除;B. watching(搭配错误)→ 排除;C. reading(现在分词 + 固定搭配,正确)→ 符合要求。
18.【答案】A
解析:① Shh, don't shout(嘘,别喊)暗示动作正在发生,用现在进行时;② 主语 the students 是复数,结构为“are+ doing”,read的ing 形式是 reading。A. are reading(现在进行时,结构完整)→ 正确;B. reading(缺少 be 动词,句子不完整)→ 排除;C. reads(三单形式,一般现在时,时态不符)→ 排除。
19. 【答案】B
解析:① now 提示现在进行时,一般疑问句结构为“Be 动词 + 主语 + doing?”;② 主语 the boys 是复数,be 动词用 are,sing 的 ing 形式是 singing。A. Is;singing(be 动词单数,与复数主语矛盾)→ 排除;B. Are;singing(符合结构 + 主谓一致)→ 正确;C. Does;sing(一般现在时疑问句,时态不符)→ 排除。
20. 【答案】B
解析:问句用 are you doing 明确是现在进行时,答句需用“主语 + be 动词 + doing” 的结构。A. I often do exercises(一般现在时,时态不符)→ 排除;B. I'm listening to music(现在进行时,符合)→ 正确;C. I'm going to run(一般将来时,时态不符)→ 排除。
21.【答案】C
解析:① 主语 everyone(每个人)是不定代词,视为单数,be 动词用 is;② now 提示现在进行时,and 连接两个并列的 ing形式(singing and dancing)。A. sing and dance(原形,一般现在时,且主谓不一致)→ 排除;B. are singing and dancing(be 动词复数,与 everyone 单数矛盾)→ 排除;C. is singing and dancing(符合主谓一致 + 现在进行时)→ 正确。
22. 【答案】C
解析:① 前句 yesterday 提示一般过去时(已用 played);② 后句 now 提示现在进行时,结构为“am +doing”,主语 I 搭配 am,play 的 ing 形式是 playing。A. playing(缺少 be 动词,结构不完整)→ 排除;B. play(原形,一般现在时,时态不符)→ 排除;C. am playing(现在进行时,符合)→ 正确。
23. 【答案】B
解析:Look! 提示现在进行时,结构为“are +doing”,watch 的 ing 形式是 watching。A. watch(原形,一般现在时)→ 排除;B. watching(现在分词,与 are 构成进行时)→ 正确;C. watched(过去式,一般过去时)→ 排除。
24.【答案】B
解析:句子描述 “一只狗正在树下睡觉”的当前状态,用现在进行时,结构为 “is+doing”;主语 a dog 是单数,be 动词用 is,sleep 的 ing 形式是 sleeping。A. sleeping(缺少 be 动词,结构不完整)→ 排除;B. is sleeping(现在进行时,符合)→ 正确;C. sleep(原形,一般现在时,主语单数需三单 sleeps,此处也不符)→ 排除。
25.【答案】C
解析:① the day after tomorrow(后天)提示一般将来时;② there be 句型的将来时结构:there will be 或 there is/are going to be(需完整,不能省略 be);③ 不可与 have 连用(there have 是错误结构)。A. is going to(缺少 be,结构不完整)→ 排除;B. will have(there 与 have 连用错误)→ 排除;C. will be(符合 there be 将来时结构)→ 正确。
26.【答案】C
解析:tomorrow(明天)提示一般将来时,谓语动词用“will + 原形”或“be going to + 原形”。A. bring(原形,一般现在时)→ 排除;B. brought(过去式,一般过去时)→ 排除;C. will bring(一般将来时,符合)→ 正确。
27. 【答案】C
解析:“black clouds in the sky”(天空中的乌云)是 “将要下雨” 的明显迹象,用 be going to do 表示 “根据迹象推测的将来”;主语 it 是单数,be 动词用 is。A. rains(一般现在时,表常态,不符)→ 排除;B. was raining(过去进行时,时态不符)→ 排除;C. is going to rain(符合 “迹象推测将来”)→ 正确;D. were rainy(过去时 + 形容词,表状态,不符)→ 排除。
28. 【答案】B
解析:am going to buy 明确是一般将来时,需搭配将来时时间状语。A. yesterday(昨天,过去时标志)→ 排除;B. tomorrow(明天,将来时标志)→ 正确;C. then(那时,可表过去 / 将来,此处无语境支撑,不如 B 明确)→ 排除。
29. 【答案】B
解析:① Listen! 提示现在进行时,结构为 “are+ doing”,主语 the students 是复数,用 are singing;② will 是情态动词,后接动词原形,故第二空用 have。A. sing(原形,一般现在时,时态不符);have(正确)→ 排除;B. are singing(现在进行时,正确);have(原形,正确)→ 正确;C. singing(缺少 be 动词,结构不完整);having(动名词,will 后需原形)→ 排除。
30. 【答案】B
解析:tomorrow 提示将来时,“计划做某事” 用 be going to do;主语 she 是单数,be 动词用 is,故填 is going(后接 to have,省略重复部分)。A. goes(三单,一般现在时)→ 排除;B. is going(符合 be going to 结构)→ 正确;C. went(过去式,过去时)→ 排除;D. go(原形,一般现在时)→ 排除。
31. 【答案】B
解析:① 答句 Yes, he is 提示问句以 Is 开头,排除 A(Was)、D(Are);② next Sunday 提示将来时,be going to do 表计划,故第二空用 going to put;C 选项 Is;putting 是现在进行时,时态不符。A. Was;going to put(过去将来时,答句是现在时,矛盾)→ 排除;B. Is;going to put(将来时疑问句 + 问答一致)→ 正确;C. Is;putting(现在进行时,时态不符)→ 排除;D. Are;put(be 动词复数 + 动词原形,结构 + 时态均错)→ 排除。
32. 【答案】
解析:① this afternoon 提示将来时;② there be 将来时结构为 there is/are going to be 或 there will be,不可与 have 连用(there have 是典型错误);③ 主语 a football match 是单数,用 is going to be。A. is going to be(符合 there be 将来时结构)→ 正确;B. is going to have(there 与 have 连用错误)→ 排除;C. will have(同上,结构错误)→ 排除。
易错点:受中文“有”的影响,误用 there have 结构。
33.【答案】C
解析:问句用 are you going to do 明确将来时,答句需保持结构一致,用 am going to see。
选项分析:A. see(原形,一般现在时)→ 排除;B. seeing(动名词,缺少 be 动词)→ 排除;C. am going to see(符合问答结构一致)→ 正确。
34.【答案】A
解析:will 后接动词原形,“有风的”是形容词 windy,需用 be+ windy 构成谓语。A. be windy(will +be + 形容词,正确)→ 正确;B. is windy(is 是 be 动词三单,will 后需原形 be)→ 排除;C. windy(仅形容词,缺少动词,句子不完整)→ 排除。
35. 【答案】C
解析:① many years ago 提示过去时,主语 no computers 是复数,there be 用 were;② 否定句中,并列成分用 or 连接(肯定句用 and),故第二空填 or。A. are;or:are 是一般现在时,与 many years ago 时态矛盾,排除;B. were;and:were 时态正确,但 and 用于肯定句,否定句中需用 or,连词使用错误,排除;C. were;or:were 符合过去时 + 复数主语的主谓一致要求,or 符合否定句并列连词用法,完全正确。
36. 【答案】C
解析:① before(以前)提示过去时,no tree 是单数,there be 用 was;② now(现在)提示现在时,many trees 是复数,there be 用 are。A. is;are(is 是现在时,与 before 矛盾)→ 排除;B. was;were(were 是过去时,与 now 矛盾)→ 排除;C. was;are(符合时态对比 + 主谓一致)→ 正确。
37.【答案】B
解析:① 第一空“吉姆有两个模型飞机”表现在的状态,用一般现在时,主语 Jim 是三单,用 has;② last week 提示过去时,buy 的过去式是 bought。A. has;buys(buys 是三单,过去时需用 bought)→ 排除;B. has;bought(符合时态 + 动词形式)→ 正确;C. had;buys(had 是过去时,表过去拥有,与语境不符;buys 形式错误)→ 排除;D. had;bugs(bugs 是 “虫子”,语义错误)→ 排除。
38. 【答案】C
解析:“没看到标志” 是进入无烟区之前的过去动作,用一般过去时的否定形式 didn't see。A. am not seeing(现在进行时,表正在进行,不符)→ 排除;B. don't see(一般现在时,表常态,不符)→ 排除;C. didn't see(过去时否定,符合语境)→ 正确;D. won't see(将来时,不符)→ 排除。
39. 【答案】D
解析:yesterday afternoon 提示过去时,问句需用 be 动词或助动词 did;选项中无实义动词,需用 be 动词(Are/ Were),主语 you 搭配过去时 be 动词 Were。A. Are you(现在时,时态不符)→ 排除;B. Do you(一般现在时助动词,无实义动词,句子不完整)→ 排除;C. Did you(过去时助动词,无实义动词,句子不完整)→ 排除;D. Were you(过去时 be 动词,句子完整,符合)→ 正确。
40.【答案】C
解析:答句 yesterday 提示过去时,问句需用过去式 happened(happen 是不及物动词,无被动语态)。A. happening(现在分词,缺少 be 动词)→ 排除;B. happen(原形,一般现在时)→ 排除;C. happened(过去式,符合时态)→ 正确;D. is happening(现在进行时,时态不符)→ 排除。
41.【答案】D
解析:答句 did 提示问句用过去时,主语 what 视为单数,但此处答句是复数主语(Rubbish and smoke),但动词需用过去式 made(答句用 did 代替 made,保持时态一致)。A. make(原形,现在时)→ 排除;B. Makes(三单,现在时)→ 排除;C. is making(现在进行时)→ 排除;D. made(过去式,符合问答一致)→ 正确。
42. 【答案】B
解析:① twenty years ago 提示过去时,write 的过去式是 wrote;② “给某人写信” 的固定搭配是 write letters to sb.(不是 for sb.)。A. write;for(write 原形 + 搭配错误)→ 排除;B. wrote;to(过去式 + 固定搭配,正确)→ 正确;C. writes;to(三单,现在时,时态不符)→ 排除;D. writing;for(现在分词 + 搭配错误)→ 排除。
43. 【答案】D
解析:① yesterday 提示过去时,do homework 的过去式是 did;② now 提示现在进行时,结构为 “am+ doing”,故第二空用 playing。A. do;playing(do 原形,时态不符)→ 排除;B. did;plays(plays 是三单,现在进行时需用 playing)→ 排除;C. did;play(play 原形,现在进行时结构不完整)→ 排除;D. did;playing(符合时态对比 + 现在进行时结构)→ 正确。
44. 【答案】B
解析:tomorrow 提示将来时,be going to do 表计划,主语 she 是单数,用 is going。A. goes(三单,现在时)→ 排除;B. is going(符合将来时结构)→ 正确;C. went(过去式,过去时)→ 排除;D. go(原形,现在时)→ 排除。
45.【答案】D
解析:① now 提示现在进行时,结构为 “is+doing”;② “和某人交谈” 的固定搭配是 talk with sb.(say 后接内容,tell 后接双宾语,如 tell sb. sth.)。A. says(三单,现在时,搭配错误)→ 排除;B. talks(三单,现在时,时态不符)→ 排除;C. telling(现在分词,但 tell 需接宾语,此处无内容,搭配错误)→ 排除;D. talking(现在分词 + 固定搭配 talk with,正确)→正确。
46. 【答案】B
解析:① so he was worried 提示过去时,nothing 是不定代词,视为单数,there be 用 was;② 情态动词 can 的过去式是 could,符合过去时语境。A. were;could(were 与 nothing 单数矛盾)→ 排除;B. was;could(符合主谓一致 + 过去时情态动词)→ 正确;C. was;can(can 是现在时,与过去语境矛盾)→ 排除;D. were;can(were+can,均错误)→ 排除。
47. 【答案】C
解析:read 在句中是过去式(原形与过去式同形),需搭配过去时时间状语。A. now(现在时标志,不符)→ 排除;B. tomorrow(将来时标志,不符)→ 排除;C. yesterday(过去时标志,符合)→ 正确。
48.【答案】has
解析:句子无明确时间标志,但描述 “汤姆的妈妈有一个漂亮的篮子” 的常态,用一般现在时;主语 Tom's mother 是第三人称单数,have 的三单形式为 has。
49.【答案】watches;saw
解洗:① 第一空 usually(通常)+ on Friday 提示常态,用一般现在时,主语 Tom 是三单,watch 变 watches(以 ch 结尾加 es);② 第二空 last Friday(上周五)是过去时标志,see 的过去式为不规则变化 saw。
50.【答案】had;sleep
解析:① last night(昨晚)提示过去时,have a cold 的过去式为 had a cold(have 不规则变化);② 否定句 didn't 后接动词原形,故填 sleep。
51.【答案】is raining;rainy
解析:① Look! 提示动作正在发生,用现在进行时,结构为 “is+doing”,rain 的 ing 形式为 raining;② 第二空修饰 days(名词),需用形容词 rainy(下雨的)。
52.【答案】likes;is going to swim/will swim
解析:① 第一空 like swimming 是固定搭配(like+doing 表爱好),主语 she 是三单,like 变 likes;② next weekend(下周末)提示将来时,可用 be going to do(表计划)或 will do(表客观将来),故填 is going to swim 或 will swim。
53. 【答案】fly;rode
解析:① 第一空 often(经常)+ on Sundays 提示常态,主语 I 是第一人称,用 fly 原形;② 第二空 last Sunday(上周日)是过去时标志,ride 的过去式为不规则变化 rode。
54.【答案】didn't milk
解析:last Sunday(上周日)提示过去时,“挤奶” 是实义动词 milk,否定句需加助动词 didn't,后接 milk 原形。
55. 【答案】didn't go
解析:yesterday(昨天)提示过去时,“上学” 是实义动词 go to school,否定句用 didn't + go。
56.【答案】left
解析:last night(昨晚)提示过去时,leave 的过去式为不规则变化 left。
57.【答案】visited
解析:last Sunday(上周日)提示过去时,visit 是规则动词,过去式加 ed,即 visited。
58.【答案】saw
解析:yesterday(昨天)提示过去时,see 的过去式为 saw。
59.【答案】bought
解析:last week(上周)提示过去时,buy 的过去式为 bought。
60.【答案】didn't wake
解析:this morning(今天早上,已发生)提示过去时,“醒来” 是实义动词 wake,否定句用 didn't + wake。
61.【答案】going
解析:is going to do 是固定结构,表计划,go 的 ing 形式为 going。
62.【答案】reading;is going to read/will read
解析:① 第一空 like doing sth.(喜欢做某事,表爱好),故填 reading;② tomorrow(明天)提示将来时,可用 is going to read 或 will read。
63.【答案】will give
解析:if 引导的条件状语从句,遵循 “主将从现”(主句将来时,从句一般现在时);从句 If I see... 是一般现在时,主句用 will + give(原形)。
64.【答案】is coming
解析:soon(很快)提示将来时,come 是位移动词,可用现在进行时(is coming)表即将发生的动作,比 will come 更强调 “临近”。
65.【答案】started;are waiting
解析:① two hours ago(两小时前)提示过去时,start 的过去式为 started(规则动词加 ed);② now(现在)提示现在进行时,主语 all of the students 是复数,结构为 are + waiting。
66.【答案】is getting
解析:Look! 提示动作正在发生,用现在进行时;get 的 ing 形式为 getting(重读闭音节,双写 t 加 ing)。
67.【答案】aren't watering/are not watering
解析:now(现在)提示现在进行时,主语 they 是复数,be 动词用 are,否定形式为 aren't/are not,后接 water 的 ing 形式 watering。
68.【答案】having
解析:now 提示现在进行时,have 的 ing 形式为 having(去 e 加 ing)。
69.【答案】drinking
解析:句子描述“奶奶正在客厅喝茶”的当前状态,用现在进行时;drink 的 ing 形式为 drinking(直接加 ing)。
70.【答案】is flying
解析:Look! 提示动作正在发生,主语 my sister 是单数,be 动词用 is,fly 的 ing 形式为 flying(直接加 ing)。
71.【答案】doesn't do
解析:often(经常)提示一般现在时,主语 Andy 是三单,实义动词 do 的否定形式为 doesn't + do(原形)。
72.【答案】lets;water
解析:① every day(每天)提示一般现在时,主语 Sam 是三单,let 的三单形式为 lets(特殊变形,原形不变,直接加 s);② 固定搭配 let sb. do sth.(让某人做某事),后接 water 原形。
73.【答案】brushes
解析:always(总是)提示常态,主语 my sister 是三单,brush 的三单形式为 brushes(以 sh 结尾加 es)。
74.【答案】goes
解析:usually(通常)提示常态,主语 my aunt 是三单,go 的三单形式为 goes(以 o 结尾加 es)。
75. 【答案】We had a dancing lesson yesterday.
解析:① 核心变化:yesterday(昨天)提示需将原句的一般将来时(are going to have)改为一般过去时;② 动词变形:have 的过去式为不规则变化 had;③ 时间状语替换:将 next Friday(下周五)改为 yesterday,其余成分保持不变。
76.【答案】Does your mother usually get up at six o'clock?
解析:① 原句是一般现在时,主语 my mother 是第三人称单数,实义动词 gets up 作谓语,改为一般疑问句需加助动词 Does(放句首,首字母大写);② 助动词 Does 后,实义动词需还原为原形 get up;③ 人称代词转换:my(我的)改为 your(你的),保持语境一致。
77.【答案】I stayed at home last weekend.
解析:① 问句是一般过去时(did you do),答句需保持时态一致,用一般过去时;② 动词变形:stay 的过去式为规则变化 stayed(直接加 ed);③ 完整回应:答句需包含主语(I)、谓语(stayed at home)和时间状语(last weekend),与问句对应。
78.【答案】Where did you hurt your foot yesterday?
解析:① 确定句式:疑问词 Where 放句首,首字母大写;② 时态标志:yesterday 提示一般过去时,实义动词 hurt 作谓语,需加助动词 did(放疑问词后);③ 语序结构:疑问词 + 助动词 did + 主语 you + 实义动词原形 hurt + 宾语 your foot + 时间状语 yesterday;④ 注意:hurt 的原形和过去式同形,此处作谓语原形(因前面有助动词 did)。
79.【答案】Where did Li Shan go yesterday?
解析:① 确定疑问词:画线部分 the Bund 是地点,用 Where 提问;② 时态转换:原句是一般过去时(went),改为疑问句需加助动词 did(放疑问词后);③ 动词还原:went 是 go 的过去式,助动词 did 后需还原为原形 go;④ 保留关键成分:主语 Li Shan、时间状语 yesterday 不变,确保句子完整。
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