核心语法归纳+针对性练习（Units 1-4）（专项训练）-2025-2026学年译林版（三起）（2012）英语五年级上册

译林版五年级英语上册核心语法归纳+针对性练习（Units 1-4）

单元主题：Unit 1 Goldilocks and the three bears / Unit 2 A new student / Unit 3 Our animal friends / Unit 4 Hobbies

班级 ____________ 姓名 ____________ 等第 ____________

核心语法归纳

核心语法一： one...the other...  固定句型的用法

概念：特指两者中的“一个……另一个……”，后接单数名词；若描述三者及以上中的“一个……另一个……”，需用  one...another... 。

核心语法二：形容词  hard/soft, sharp/blunt  的用法及反义词对应

概念：这类形容词用于描述事物的触感或特征， hard  对应反义词  soft ， sharp  对应反义词  blunt ；在句中可作表语或定语。

核心语法三： there be  句型的一般过去时用法

概念：表示“过去某地有某物”，结构为  There was/were + 名词 + 地点状语 ；遵循就近原则，单数/不可数名词前用  was ，复数名词前用  were 。

核心语法四： just right   too + 形容词  句型的用法

概念： just right  表示“刚刚好”，在句中作表语； too + 形容词  表示“太……”，用来描述事物超出合适的程度。

核心语法五： show sb. around sp.  固定短语的用法

概念：意为“带领某人参观某地”， sb.  用人称代词宾格形式， sp.  为地点名词；此短语常用于介绍学校、场馆等场景。

核心语法六：动物特征相关的名词单复数与主谓一致

概念：描述动物身体部位（如  ear, eye, leg, wing ）时，需根据数量使用单复数形式；句子主语为复数时，谓语动词用原形，主语为单数时，谓语动词用三单形式。

核心语法七： like doing sth.  与  like to do sth.  的用法区别

概念： like doing sth.  表示长期的、习惯性的爱好； like to do sth.  表示偶尔的、

具体某次的喜好；两者在Units 1-4中侧重考查习惯性爱好的表达。

核心语法八：方位介词  in front of   beside   between  的用法辨析

概念： in front of  指“在……外部的前面”， beside  指“在……旁边”， between  指“在……两者之间”，后常接  and  连接两个对象。

 

针对性练习

核心语法一

题型一  用  one...the other...  完成句子

1. I have two pens. ______ is red, ______ is blue.

2. There are two cats under the tree. ______ is black, ______ is white.

3. She has two dolls. ______ is big, ______ is small.

4. There are two books on the desk. ______ is new, ______ is old.

5. We have two bags. ______ is yellow, ______ is green.

题型二  单项选择

(  ) 1. I have two pencils. ______ is long, ______ is short.

A. One; another  B. One; the other  C. Some; the other

(  ) 2. There are three apples. ______ is red, ______ is green.

A. One; another  B. One; the other  C. One; other

(  ) 3. Look at the two dogs. ______ is fat, ______ is thin.

A. One; other  B. One; the other  C. One; others

(  ) 4. He has two bikes. ______ is black, ______ is brown.

A. One; the other  B. One; another  C. Some; other

(  ) 5. There are two birds in the tree. ______ is singing, ______ is flying.

A. One; others  B. One; the other  C. One; another

 

核心语法二

题型一  写出下列形容词的反义词

1. hard → __________

2. sharp → __________

3. soft → __________

4. blunt → __________

5. long → __________

题型二  用所给形容词的适当形式填空

1. The stone is ______ (hard). The cotton is ______ (soft).

2. This knife is ______ (sharp). That knife is ______ (blunt).

3. The bed is too ______ (soft). I don’t like it.

4. The pencil is ______ (blunt). Please sharpen it.

5. The desk is ______ (hard). We can put books on it.

 

核心语法三

题型一  用  was  或  were  填空

1. There ______ a big tree in the garden last year.

2. There ______ some children in the park yesterday.

3. There ______ a cup of tea on the table just now.

4. There ______ two books and a pen in the bag.

5. There ______ no milk in the fridge last night.

题型二  句型转换

1. There was a house in the forest.（改为否定句）