Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project &Assessment & Further study-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版)

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was the queen of the playground.Then came my teens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself. Popularity is a well­explored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers.The likables' plays­well­with­others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump­start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr.Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences.Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.” In one study, Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究)．“We found that the least well­liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.” Dr.Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date­sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research, Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion：Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too.“Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage，”he said. [语篇解读]　本文体裁为说明文，文章将受欢迎的人分成了两类——讨人喜欢的人和追逐高地位的人。本文侧重培养学生的思维品质。 1．What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? A．Unkind.　　　　　　 B．Lonely. C．Generous. D．Cool. 解析　C　推理判断题。本题题干意为：作者在上小学的低年级时是什么样的女孩？根据题干中的“early years of elementary school”可定位到第一段第一句中的“During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes(喜欢分享玩偶和笑话)，”因此可以推断作者是大方的，故选C。A：不友善的；B：孤独的；D：酷的。 2．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The classification of the popular. B．The characteristics of adolescents. C．The importance of interpersonal skills. D．The causes of dishonorable behavior. 解析　A　主旨大意题。本题题干意为：第二段的主要内容是什么？根据第二段第二句“Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers.”可知，本段对受欢迎的人进行分类，故选A。B：青少年的特点；C：人际交往技巧的重要性；D：不光彩行为的原因。 3．What did Dr.Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids? A．They appeared to be aggressive. B．They tended to be more adaptable. C．They enjoyed the highest status. D．They performed well academically. 解析　B　细节理解题。本题题干意为：Prinstein博士的研究中针对最受喜欢的小孩的发现是什么？根据题干中的study和the most liked kids可定位到第四段中的“It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.healthy adjustment(调整，适应)”对应B项中的adaptable(能适应的)，故答案为B项。A：他们显得有侵略性；C：他们喜欢最高的地位；D：他们学习成绩很好。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last B．The Higher the Status, the Better C．Be the Best—You Can Make It D．More Self­Control, Less Aggressiveness 解析　A　主旨大意题。本题题干意为：本文最好的标题是什么？文章将受欢迎的人分成两类——讨人喜欢的人和追逐高地位的人。根据对这两种人的介绍可以总结出整篇文章都是在引导读者做讨人喜欢的人，对人友善、学会分享、敞开心扉，因此答案为A项。B：地位越高越好；C：做到最好——你可以做到；D：自制力越强，侵略性越小。 B For many years, students had improved by answering questions and doing best on the exam.But in the late 2010s, many students were doing more poorly on the exam than on the homework leading up to it.They would even ace the very first homework assignment, the one that quizzed them on material they had not learned yet.In 2008, only around 3 out of 20 students performed better on their homework than on the exam.But that share grew over time.By 2019, more than half of the students had performed this way. What had changed over those years? One big thing was the rise of smartphones.They existed in 2008, but were not common.Now almost everyone carries one.So it would be easier today to quickly go online and find the answer to just about any homework question.But students can't use phones during an exam.And that might explain why they aren't doing well on the tests. The students who did better on their exams didn't always report that they had come up with their own homework answers.And those who did better on their homework didn't always say that they had copied.Coming up with answers on your own should lead to better learning for students at any age.If you find and then copy the right answer, you're taking the easy way out.But that is wasting a valuable practice opportunity.It may take a few more minutes to think of an answer on your own, and then check to see if it's right.But that's the way you'll learn more. Now that information is easily available to everyone all the time, it probably doesn't make sense for teachers to expect students to take quizzes and exams without it.From now on, we shouldn't ever give a closed­book exam.Instead, teachers should come up with homework and exam questions that Google can't easily answer.These might be questions that ask you to explain a passage you just read in your own words.Writing assignments and class projects are other great ways to encourage students to remember and apply their knowledge. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“现在的学生在作业上的表现比在考试中的表现好”这一现象，说明了其原因并提出解决它的建议。 5．What does the underlined word “ace” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Do well in. B．Put effort into. C．Pay attention to. D．Get involved in. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“But in the late 2010s, many students were doing more poorly on the exam than on the homework leading up to it.”可知，在21世纪10年代末，许多学生在考试前的家庭作业中的表现比在考试中的表现好。再由第三句中的even可知，后文表示递进。由此可推断，ace意为“在……方面做得好”。故选A。B项(对……付出努力)、C项(注意)和D项(卷入)都不正确。 6．From Paragraph 3, we can know that . A．addiction to mobile games decreases students' study grades B．online tutoring influences the regular classroom learning C．the modern technology reduces students' motivation for learning D．searching online for answers stops students' independent thinking 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，上网搜答案然后抄在作业上虽然快捷方便，但这是浪费珍贵的实践机会。自己想出答案虽然花费时间长，但这样才能学到更多东西。由此可知，上网搜答案会阻止学生独立思考。故选D。A项(沉迷于手机游戏会降低学生的学习成绩)、B项(在线辅导影响了正常的课堂学习)和C项(现代科技降低了学生的学习动机)不符合第三段的表述，所以都不正确。 7．What does the author suggest to teachers in the last paragraph? A．Blocking students' access to information. B．Giving students more quizzes and exams. C．Creating original questions for students. D．Minimizing the class teaching and activities. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知，老师应该想出谷歌不容易回答的家庭作业和考试问题。由此可推断，作者建议教师给学生布置网上搜不到答案的家庭作业和考试问题，让学生用自己的话回答，说明作者建议老师为学生提出原创的问题。故选C。A项(阻止学生获取信息)、B项(给学生更多的测验和考试)以及D项(最大限度地减少课堂教学和活动)在最后一段没有被提及，所以都不正确。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．Creative examinations are necessary. B．The ways students do their homework. C．The application of the Internet in teaching. D．Students do better on homework than on exams. 解析　D　主旨大意题。第一段介绍现在的学生在作业上的表现比在考试中的表现好这个现象；第二段介绍此现象出现的原因，第三段介绍自己想答案的好处，网上抄答案的坏处；最后一段介绍作者建议老师为学生提出原创的问题，来杜绝这种现象。因此，D项“比起考试，学生在作业方面做得更好”符合文章主旨。故选D。A项(创造性的考试是必要的)、B项(学生做作业的方式)以及C项(网络在教学中的应用)只是文章中出现的细节内容，并不能概括文章主旨，所以都不正确。 Ⅱ.语法填空 Sally is a good student.She does well in all her 1. (subject)．You must wonder the reason 2. she can study so well.Let me tell you something about her good study habits. First, Sally spends two hours 3. (study) after school every day.And she always studies from seven to nine on schedule.Sally is a very 4. (determine) girl, so nothing can stop her doing that. Second, if Sally wants to start studying, first she 5. (put) everything that has nothing to do with her studying aside, like the cellphone.And 6. (actual) there are only books left on her desk. Third, Sally never 7. (leave) her problems till next day.When she meets some difficult problems and she can't work 8. (they) out, she will turn to others for help.She doesn't wait 9. (do) them next day.What do you think of Sally's study habits? You can have a try.I hope they will be 10. great help to you. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。Sally是各科成绩都很好的学生，文章介绍了她的几个好的学习习惯。 1．解析　subjects　考查名词复数。句意：她擅长各个科目。此处由all修饰，指所有的科目，用名词复数形式。故填subjects。 2．解析　why　考查定语从句。句意：你一定想知道她学习这么好的原因。此空引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语，先行词是the reason，所以用关系副词why。 3．解析　studying　考查动名词。句意：首先，Sally每天放学后花费两个小时学习。spend time(in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填studying。 4．解析　determined　考查形容词。句意：Sally是一个非常坚定的女孩，所以没有什么能阻止她那样做。此处修饰girl，应用形容词作定语。determined坚定的；坚决的。故填determined。 5．解析　will put　考查动词时态。句意：其次，如果Sally想开始学习，首先她会把一切与学习无关的东西放在一边，比如手机。if引导条件状语从句，句子遵循主将从现。故填will put。 6．解析　actually　考查副词。句意：事实上，她的桌子上只剩下书了。此处应用副词修饰整个句子。故填actually。 7．解析　leaves　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：第三，Sally从不把问题留到第二天。结合全文时态以及此句表示习惯性动作，可知此空用一般现在时，主语是Sally。故填leaves。 8．解析　them　考查代词。句意：当遇到一些她不能解决的难题时，她会向别人寻求帮助。此处用代词them指代some difficult problems。故填them。 9．解析　to do　考查动词不定式。句意：她不会等到第二天再解决它们。wait to do sth“等待做某事”。故填to do。 10．解析　of　考查介词。句意：我希望它们会对你有很大的帮助。be of ＋名词＝be ＋与名词同源的形容词。故填of。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $