专题07 八年级下册Unit2 Growing pains and gains 语法、写作篇-八年级英语新教材外研版

专题07 八年级下册Unit2 Growing pains and gains 语法、写作篇 被动语态 一． 一般过去时的被动语态 　　一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。一般过去时的被动语态的各种句式如下: (1)肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The book was written by Mr Smith last year. 这本书是Smith先生去年写的。 (2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The machine wasn't repaired last week. 这台机器上周没有被修理。 (3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Was the desk made by your father? 这张桌子是你爸爸做的吗? (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? When was the tree planted? 那棵树是什么时候种的? 二． 被动语态用法总结 一般 现在时 肯定句:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 过去时 肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+will+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+will not+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+be going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+be not going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 三． 主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况 (1)某些感官动词或系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义,如smell、feel、sound等。 This shirt feels soft. 这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。 (2)need、want、require和worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 The bike needs repairing(=needs to be repaired). 这辆自行车需要修理了。  (3)某些行为动词后加副词(有些可不加副词)可以表示被动意义,如sell、write、wash等。 These books sell well.这些书卖得很好。 随堂练习 一．单项选择 1．（24-25八年级下·江苏徐州·期末）—Did Robert get that job? —No. He ________ because he had no working experience. A．refuses B．refused C．has refused D．was refused 2．（23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期末）—Where did you go last night? —I ________ to go to Danny’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．ask D．was asked 3．（23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期末）Zhang Yimou, together with his team members, ________ to direct the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A．was invited B．were invited C．has been invited D．have been invited 4．（23-24八年级下·河北保定·期末）I didn’t go to the concert because the tickets________. A．sell out B．sold out C．were sold out D．are sold out 5．（23-24八年级下·河北张家口·期末）—The result of the exam ________ to you by e-mail the other day. —Oh, sorry. I didn’t check it in time. A．sent B．was sent C．will send D．will be sent 6．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Do you know _________ the school art festival _________? —Next month. The exact date _________ yet. A．when; will hold; hasn’t decided B．when; will be held; hasn’t been decided C．where; is held; isn’t decided D．how; will hold; wasn’t decided 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）It is said that more railways ________ to improve the traffic situation in our city. A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built 8．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）The meeting ________ at the community center this afternoon. Please prepare some hot water and paper cups. A．will hold B．will be held C．is held D．holds 9．（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—No matter how many difficulties we meet, I believe all the problems ________ in the end. —I hope so. A．solve B．will solve C．are solved D．will be solved 10．（24-25八年级下·上海松江·期末）The new library in our school ________ next month. A．builds B．will build C．is built D．will be built 11．（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）A baby’s first month is a special event in China and ________ with a special party. A．is celebrating B．celebrates C．was celebrated D．is celebrated 12．（22-23八年级下·河北承德·期末）The plants ________ well in my neighbourhood. They make our environment greener. A．protect B．protected C．were protected D．are protected 13．（22-23八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）As we all know, Pu’er Tea ________ in some western areas of Yunnan. A．was produced B．is producing C．is produced D．produces 14．（22-23八年级下·河北保定·期末）The child without parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A．takes B．are taken C．take D．is taken 15．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）When the money ________ wisely, we will not have any trouble living through the hard times. A．is spent B．will spend C．will be spent D．spends 二、填空 1．（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）The ground is (cover) with snow in winter. 2．（24-25八年级上·云南西双版纳·期末）The novel, A Lifelong Journey written by Liang Xiaosheng is so popular with foreign readers that it into different languages in the future. (translate) 3．（24-25八年级下·甘肃天水·期末）Usually, a year is (divide) into four seasons. 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）The Jiangyin Half Marathon (hold) on April 13, 2025. 【答案】was held 5．（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）The patient was on last Sunday, and now he is out of danger. (operate) 6．（24-25八年级下·甘肃白银·期末）The children were (warn) not to play with fire. 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）It’s reported that the high-speed railway station (complete) next year. 8．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）My book review will (complete) soon, I can’t wait to share it with my best friends. 9．（23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期末）He was (defeat) by his opponents (对手) in this election. 10．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Not only the twins but also Jack (choose) without any doubt to be leaders of the team last week. 11．（22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）The telephone (invent) by Bell in 1876. 12．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）A charity show (hold) at the school hall this Friday evening. 13．（23-24八年级上·山东济南·期末）There will be more trees and cities will be less (pollute). 14．（21-22八年级上·河南郑州·期末）If he is by his parents, he will turn to teachers for help. (beat) 15．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）More trees (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 三、短文填空 （23-24八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you enjoy travelling, or do you like to stay at home? Some people go on holiday in their own country, and spend time 1 beaches. They’re more interested in relaxing than doing anything else. However, some young people love to travel all 2 time. They give up normal lives and take risks in mountains, rainforests and other 3 (amaze) places. If they don’t have enough money, they will 4 (simple) find work in restaurants or teach English. They don’t care 5 they can get much money or not. They only want to enjoy 6 (they) lives and have the experience of travelling. Since years ago, travelling 7 (be) popular with older people, too. Travelling also allows them to take 8 (break) from work. So why do people love travelling so much? If you’re travelling alone, it’s a great way 9 (meet) new and interesting people. You can learn about different cultures and eat new food. More than anything, travel always 10 (offer) you memories. These will be your treasure forever. 写作精讲 　本单元的话题为“成长故事”,要求学生根据所学的词汇和句型介绍自己或他人的成长故事。通常涉及的细分话题有:描述自己遇到的经历或挫折;描述自己是如何应对挫折的。该话题常见的体裁有记叙文、说明文和应用文(如书信、电子邮件或演讲稿等)。 写作实例 　　世上无难事,只怕有心人。我们在学习或生活中都会遇到一些困难,但是只要怀着积极的心态去面对它们,就一定能够守得云开见月明。某英语报正在开展以“Never be afraid of difficulties”为题的征文活动,请你写一篇文章投稿,参加这次活动。 写作要点:(1)简要说说你对在学习或生活中遇到的困难的看法; (2)详述一次你难忘的克服困难的经历; (3)简述你的收获或感受。 　　注意:(1)90词左右;(2)行文流畅;(3)文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称。 Never be afraid of difficulties 审题指导 1.体裁:记叙文。    2.时态:一般现在时和一般过去时。    3.人称:以第一人称为主。 4.必备词句: （1）different kinds of 不同种类的; （2）give up 放弃; （3）make mistakes 犯错; （4）look up 查阅,查找; （5）search for 搜寻,寻找; （6）ask sb. for help 向某人求助; （7）put one’s heart into 全心全意投入; （8）deal with 应对,处理; （9）primary school小学; （10）make one's decision做决定; （11）do research做研究; （12）be busy with sth. 忙于某事; （13）achieve one’s dream实现某人的梦想; （14）play an important role发挥重要作用; （15）go through经历; （16）have difficulty doing sth. 做某事有困难; （17）help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事; （18）say thanks to sb. 向某人⑨Nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it. 如果我们全心全意投入,没有什么事是困难的。 （19）Meanwhile, parents should give them enough support. 同时,父母应该给他们足够的支持。 （20）Thanks to her, I can become a better person. 多亏有她,我可以变成更好的人。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 Never be afraid of difficulties 　　In our life, everyone needs to face different kinds of problems. I think that everyone may face difficulties in learning. However, we shouldn't give up easily. 　　Once I could hardly follow my teachers in class and I made many mistakes in my tests. I felt very sad. I looked up information in reference books or searched for more information on the Internet. Sometimes I asked my teachers or classmates for help. With hard work, I have done much better in my studies. 　　I learned a lesson from my experience: Nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it. Whatever difficulty we meet, there’s always a way for us to deal with it. 随堂训练 （1） 　　假如你是李华,你的好朋友Lucy不久前参加歌唱比赛被淘汰,她因这次失败而深感困扰,无心学习。请你给她写一封电子邮件,简要表达自己对她的处境的理解,并提出建议。 你的建议包括:1.要正确看待比赛,享受过程;2.不要放弃唱歌的爱好;3.还有很多实现梦想的途径。 写作要求:词数80—100(电子邮件的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数)。 Dear Lucy, I’m sorry to hear that ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua （2） 4．关于青少年成长, 不同的人有着不同的看法。请根据下面的图表提示，以Growth为题, 写一篇文章给学校英文校刊PURE TIME投稿，谈谈你对成长的理解， 并基于你的理解分享一个自己成长过程中的小故事。 注意: （1）任意选取三个方面加以说明， 每一个方面至少包含2条原因； （2）文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息； （3）词数：不少于100词， 标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。 GROWTH Growing up means understanding important things to help us become better. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （3） 快节奏的数字生活易让人迷失方向，而沉淀心灵、拓宽视野的真实体验正成为当代青少年成长的关键密码。学校英语社推出“探索世界，成长自我”主题征文活动，请你从“A travel experience”和“An outdoor activity”中选择一个话题，参照表格提示，用英语讲述你的独特成长故事。 话题 内容 A travel experience 1. 一次旅行经历（地点、风景名胜、美食、活动……）； 2. 此次旅行对环境的影响（如对环境的污染或保护）； 3. 你的感想或收获。 An outdoor activity 1. 一项户外活动的经历（骑行、远足、露营、爬山……）； 2. 此次活动中最难忘的时刻； 3. 你的感想或收获。 提示：1. 选择一个话题作为作文题目，填写在正文上方的横线上； 2. 写作覆盖所选话题的所有要点，可选择使用参考词汇； 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息； 4. 词数在100词左右。 参考词汇：环境 environment；难忘的 unforgettable __________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （4） 2025年泰安市教育局启动“阳光成长工程”，将挫折教育（frustration education）纳入学校常规教学体系。为配合这项工作，你校《英语学习报》开设“成长故事汇”专栏，现面向全体学生征集关于克服学习或生活中困难的真实故事。请你写一篇英语短文，详细描述你遇到的具体困难、解决过程以及从中获得的启示。 提示问题：1. What challenge did you meet in your study or life? 2. What steps did you take to overcome this difficulty? 3. What life lesson do you learn from this experience? 要求：1.语句通顺，意思连贯，可根据提示适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名等； 3.词数130左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ （5） 成长不是一帆风顺的。在人生的道路上，任何人都会遇到困难和挫折，就看你能否战胜它。战胜了，你就是生活的强者。 某英文网站正在开展以“成长”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的成长故事。 内容包括：你曾经遇到的困难，克服困难的过程以及你的收获。 提示词：be afraid of, communicate, more confident 提示问题： ●What difficulty did you use to have in your school life? ●How did you deal with it? ●What have you learned from that? School life is colorful, but not always easy. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 八年级下册Unit2 Growing pains and gains 语法、写作篇 被动语态 一． 一般过去时的被动语态 　　一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。一般过去时的被动语态的各种句式如下: (1)肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The book was written by Mr Smith last year. 这本书是Smith先生去年写的。 (2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The machine wasn't repaired last week. 这台机器上周没有被修理。 (3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Was the desk made by your father? 这张桌子是你爸爸做的吗? (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? When was the tree planted? 那棵树是什么时候种的? 二． 被动语态用法总结 一般 现在时 肯定句:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 过去时 肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+will+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+will not+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+be going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+be not going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 三． 主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况 (1)某些感官动词或系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义,如smell、feel、sound等。 This shirt feels soft. 这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。 (2)need、want、require和worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 The bike needs repairing(=needs to be repaired). 这辆自行车需要修理了。  (3)某些行为动词后加副词(有些可不加副词)可以表示被动意义,如sell、write、wash等。 These books sell well.这些书卖得很好。 随堂练习 一．单项选择 1．（24-25八年级下·江苏徐州·期末）—Did Robert get that job? —No. He ________ because he had no working experience. A．refuses B．refused C．has refused D．was refused 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——罗伯特得到那份工作了吗？——没有。他因为没有工作经验而被拒绝了。 考查被动语态及时态。refuses拒绝，三单形式；refused过去式和过去分词形式；has refused现在完成时结构；was refused 一般过去时的被动语态结构。根据语境可知，“He”和“refuse”之间是被动关系，即他是“被拒绝”的，且问句中“Did”表明事情发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”，主语“He”是第三人称单数，be动词用“was”，“refuse”的过去分词是“refused”，所以应填“was refused”。故选D。 2．（23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期末）—Where did you go last night? —I ________ to go to Danny’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．ask D．was asked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你昨晚去哪儿了？——我被邀请去了参加丹尼的生日聚会。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last night”可知，时态应为一般过去时，因此选项B和C可以排除；句子主语I与动词ask形成被动关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，与主语I连用的be动词为was，故选D。 3．（23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期末）Zhang Yimou, together with his team members, ________ to direct the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A．was invited B．were invited C．has been invited D．have been invited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：张艺谋和他的团队成员应邀执导了2008年北京奥运会的开幕式。 考查主谓一致和时态。根据“direct the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，together with连接的成分作主语时，遵循就远原则，根据“Zhang Yimou”可知be动词用was。故选A。 4．（23-24八年级下·河北保定·期末）I didn’t go to the concert because the tickets________. A．sell out B．sold out C．were sold out D．are sold out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我没有去音乐会，因为票被卖光了。 考查被动语态。根据“didn’t”可知句子后面用一般过去时态，“tickets”和“sell out”之间是被动关系，那么句子要用一般过去时态被动语态，结构是“were+过去分词”。故选C。 5．（23-24八年级下·河北张家口·期末）—The result of the exam ________ to you by e-mail the other day. —Oh, sorry. I didn’t check it in time. A．sent B．was sent C．will send D．will be sent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——考试结果前几天通过电子邮件发给了你。——哦，抱歉。我没有及时查看。 考查时态和语态。根据“the other day”可知，时态为一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，空处所在句的主语与谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。故选B。 6．（25-26八年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Do you know _________ the school art festival _________? —Next month. The exact date _________ yet. A．when; will hold; hasn’t decided B．when; will be held; hasn’t been decided C．where; is held; isn’t decided D．how; will hold; wasn’t decided 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道校园艺术节什么时候举办吗？——下个月。确切日期还没确定。 考查宾语从句引导词、被动语态及时态的综合运用。根据“Do you know...”可知此句为宾语从句，由答语“Next month.”可知，问的是时间，所以第一空填when。宾语从句的主语是“the school art festival”与“hold”是被动关系，所以第二空应使用被动语态，并且根据答语可知需用一般将来时，结构为“will be+过去分词”。第三空根据空后的“yet”可知，此处为现在完成时，并且“date”和“decide”也为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为“has been+过去分词”；再根据句意可知是“还未确定”，所以是hasn’t been decided。故选B。 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）It is said that more railways ________ to improve the traffic situation in our city. A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说将修建更多的铁路来改善我们城市的交通状况。 考查动词时态。根据“It is said that more railways...”可知此处需用一般将来时，且主语“railways”与“修建”之间存在被动关系，因此此处需用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be done。故选B。 8．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）The meeting ________ at the community center this afternoon. Please prepare some hot water and paper cups. A．will hold B．will be held C．is held D．holds 【答案】B 【详解】句意：会议将于今天下午在社区中心举行。请准备一些热水和纸杯。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“this afternoon”以及“Please prepare some hot water and paper cups.”可知，此处表示将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时；主语The meeting和动词hold之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以空处应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。 9．（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—No matter how many difficulties we meet, I believe all the problems ________ in the end. —I hope so. A．solve B．will solve C．are solved D．will be solved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——无论我们遇到多少困难，我相信所有问题最终都会解决。——希望如此。   考查动词时态和语态。根据句意“所有问题最终都会被解决”，需用将来时的被动语态（will be done结构）。主语problems与solve之间是被动关系，且时间状语“in the end”指向未来。故选D。 10．（24-25八年级下·上海松江·期末）The new library in our school ________ next month. A．builds B．will build C．is built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们学校的新图书馆下个月将被建成。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“library”与动词“build”是被动关系（图书馆是被建造的），且时间状语“next month”表示将来，需用将来时的被动语态。故选D。 11．（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）A baby’s first month is a special event in China and ________ with a special party. A．is celebrating B．celebrates C．was celebrated D．is celebrated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在中国，婴儿的满月生日是一件特别的事情，人们会举行一个特别的派对来庆祝。 考查动词的时态和语态。主语“A baby’s first month”和动词“celebrate”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态“be done”，排除选项A和B；根据并列句“…is a special event”可知句子时态为一般现在时，be动词应用“is”。故选D。 12．（22-23八年级下·河北承德·期末）The plants ________ well in my neighbourhood. They make our environment greener. A．protect B．protected C．were protected D．are protected 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我小区附近的植物被保护得很好。它们使我们的环境更加环保。 考查时态和语态。主语The plants和谓语protect之间是被动关系，根据“make...”可知此处表示现在的情况，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选D。 13．（22-23八年级下·江苏连云港·期末）As we all know, Pu’er Tea ________ in some western areas of Yunnan. A．was produced B．is producing C．is produced D．produces 【答案】C 【详解】句意：众所周知，普洱茶产于云南西部的一些地区。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。was produced为一般过去时的被动语态。is producing为一般现在时。is produced为一般现在时的被动语态。produces生产，为produce的第三人称单数形式。根据“Pu’er Tea…in some western areas of Yunnan”可知，此处指普洱茶产于云南西部的一些地区，表示客观事实，主语“Pu’er Tea”与动词“produce”之间是被动关系，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be done”。故选C。 14．（22-23八年级下·河北保定·期末）The child without parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A．takes B．are taken C．take D．is taken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在这个特殊的学校，这个没有父母的孩子被他们的老师照顾得很好。 考查被动语态及主谓一致。takes采取，主动语态，主语为三单；are taken，被动语态，主语为复数；take，主动语态，主语为复数；is taken，被动语态，主语为单数。分析句子可知，句子主语是“The child”，“without parents”为后置定语，主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词应用单数形式，排除B、C；句子谓语为短语“take care of”，主语是该动作的承受者，应用被动语态，排除A，故选D。 15．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）When the money ________ wisely, we will not have any trouble living through the hard times. A．is spent B．will spend C．will be spent D．spends 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当钱花得明智时，我们度过艰难时世便不会有任何困难。 考查一般现在时被动语态。主语the money和谓语spend“花费”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，排除B和D；句子是when引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般将来时时，从句通常用一般现在时，排除C。故选A。 二、填空 1．（25-26八年级上·全国·期末）The ground is (cover) with snow in winter. 【答案】covered 【详解】句意：冬天，地面被雪覆盖着。根据“is...with”可知，此处表示地面被雪覆盖，使用过去分词covered，be covered with“被……覆盖”。故填covered。 2．（24-25八年级上·云南西双版纳·期末）The novel, A Lifelong Journey written by Liang Xiaosheng is so popular with foreign readers that it into different languages in the future. (translate) 【答案】will be translated 【详解】句意：梁晓声的小说《人世间》深受外国读者的喜爱，未来将被翻译成多种语言。此处it指代这部小说，和动词translate之间是被动关系，根据“in the future”可知此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be translated。 3．（24-25八年级下·甘肃天水·期末）Usually, a year is (divide) into four seasons. 【答案】divided 【详解】句意：通常，一年被分为四个季节。divide划分，分开，动词；句子的主语“a year”和谓语动词“divide”之间是被动关系，即“一年被划分”，所以要用被动语态，其结构是“be+过去分词”，“is”已经给出，“divide”的过去分词是“divided”。故填divided。 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）The Jiangyin Half Marathon (hold) on April 13, 2025. 【答案】was held 【详解】句意：江阴半程马拉松于2025年4月13日举行。“The Jiangyin Half Marathon”（江阴半程马拉松）是动作的承受者，与“hold”（举办）之间是被动关系，且时间是“on April 13, 2025”，表示过去的时间，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”；主语“The Jiangyin Half Marathon”是单数，be动词用“was”，“hold”的过去分词是“held”。故填was held。 5．（24-25八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）The patient was on last Sunday, and now he is out of danger. (operate) 【答案】operated 【详解】句意：这个病人在上周日动了手术，现在他已经脱离危险了。根据“The patient was...on last Sunday”可知，此处表示病人被动了手术，“operate”意为“动手术”，为动词；主语“The patient”和谓语动词“operate”之间是被动关系，所以此处应用被动语态，其结构为“be+动词的过去分词”，operate的过去分词为operated，“was operated”表示“被做了手术”。故填operated。 6．（24-25八年级下·甘肃白银·期末）The children were (warn) not to play with fire. 【答案】warned 【详解】句意：孩子们被警告不要玩火。分析句子结构可知，主语“The children”与warn为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，应用warned。故填warned。 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）It’s reported that the high-speed railway station (complete) next year. 【答案】will be completed 【详解】句意：据报道，这座高铁站将于明年完工。根据“next year”可知，此句时态为一般将来时。complete“完成”，动词，与主语“the high-speed railway station”是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般将来时态的被动语态，结构为“will be done”。complete的过去分词为completed。故填will be completed。 8．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）My book review will (complete) soon, I can’t wait to share it with my best friends. 【答案】be completed 【详解】句意：我的书评马上就要完成了，我等不及要和我最好的朋友分享了。主语“My book review”和谓语动词“complete”之间是被动关系，需要使用被动语态，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be+动词的过去分词。故填be completed。 9．（23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期末）He was (defeat) by his opponents (对手) in this election. 【答案】defeated 【详解】句意：在这次选举中，他被对手击败了。根据“He was … by his opponents”可知，此处是指被对手击败了；主语“He”与动词defeat“击败，战胜”为被动关系，这里应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was done，动词defeat的过去分词为defeated。故填defeated。 10．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Not only the twins but also Jack (choose) without any doubt to be leaders of the team last week. 【答案】was chosen 【详解】句意：上周，不仅是这对双胞胎，杰克也被毫无疑问地选为队长。根据“last week”可知，时态为一般过去时，又根据分析句子“Not only the twins but also Jack…without any doubt to be leaders of the team last week.”可知，主语是Not only the twins but also Jack，遵循“就近原则”，结合所给词可知，主语与谓语动词choose之间是被动关系，所以此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，was chosen，意为“被选择”符合语境，故填was chosen。 11．（22-23八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期末）The telephone (invent) by Bell in 1876. 【答案】was invented 【详解】句意：电话是贝尔在1876年发明的。invent“发明”。根据“by Bell in 1876”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done的结构，由于主语The telephone单数，故be动词应用was。故填was invented。 12．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）A charity show (hold) at the school hall this Friday evening. 【答案】will be held 【详解】句意：本周五晚上将在学校礼堂举行慈善演出。根据“this Friday evening”可知，时态为一般将来时，又因“A charity show”与“hold”之间为被动关系，谓语用一般将来时的被动语态，主语A charity show为第三人称单数，即“will be+过去分词”的结构，held为hold的过去分词。故填will be held。 13．（23-24八年级上·山东济南·期末）There will be more trees and cities will be less (pollute). 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：会有更多的树木，城市将被污染更少。主语cities与动词pollute构成被动关系，应用被动语态“be done”，pollute过去分词为polluted。故填polluted。 14．（21-22八年级上·河南郑州·期末）If he is by his parents, he will turn to teachers for help. (beat) 【答案】beaten 【详解】句意：如果他被父母打了，他会向老师求助。根据“he is...by his parents”可知是被父母打，此处用过去分词beaten，和be动词构is成被动语态。故填beaten。 15．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）More trees (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 【答案】will be cut 【详解】句意：如果未来需要更多的纸，那么更多的树就会被砍伐。主语“More trees”与动词cut之间是动宾关系，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，cut的过去分词cut。故填will be cut。 三、短文填空 （23-24八年级下·浙江杭州·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you enjoy travelling, or do you like to stay at home? Some people go on holiday in their own country, and spend time 1 beaches. They’re more interested in relaxing than doing anything else. However, some young people love to travel all 2 time. They give up normal lives and take risks in mountains, rainforests and other 3 (amaze) places. If they don’t have enough money, they will 4 (simple) find work in restaurants or teach English. They don’t care 5 they can get much money or not. They only want to enjoy 6 (they) lives and have the experience of travelling. Since years ago, travelling 7 (be) popular with older people, too. Travelling also allows them to take 8 (break) from work. So why do people love travelling so much? If you’re travelling alone, it’s a great way 9 (meet) new and interesting people. You can learn about different cultures and eat new food. More than anything, travel always 10 (offer) you memories. These will be your treasure forever. 【答案】1．on 2．the 3．amazing 4．simply 5．whether 6．their 7．has been 8．breaks 9．to meet 10．offers 【导语】本文讨论了人们对旅行的热爱以及旅行带来的好处。 1．句意：有些人在自己国家度假，在海滩上消磨时间。spend time on sth“在某事上度过时间”，固定搭配，故填on。 2．句意：然而，一些年轻人喜欢一直旅行。all the time“一直，总是”，固定搭配，故填the。 3．句意：他们放弃正常的生活，冒险进入山脉、雨林和其他令人惊叹的地方。修饰名词places用形容词amazing“令人惊叹的”，故填amazing。 4．句意：如果他们没有足够的钱，他们就会简单地在餐馆找工作或教英语。修饰动词find用副词simply“简单地”，故填simply。 5．句意：他们不在乎是否能赚到很多钱。whether…or not“是否……”，引导宾语从句，故填whether。 6．句意：他们只想享受自己的生活，体验旅行。修饰名词lives用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，故填their。 7．句意：多年前，旅行也受到了老年人的欢迎。根据时间状语“Since years ago”可知，主句用现在完成时，主语travelling是单数，助动词用has，故填has been。 8．句意：旅行也让他们从工作中休息一下。take breaks“休息”，固定搭配，故填breaks。 9．句意：如果你独自旅行，这是结识新朋友和有趣的人的好方法。a great way to do sth“做某事的好方法”，动词不定式作后置定语，故填to meet。 10．句意：旅行总是给你带来回忆。根据“always”可知句子采用一般现在时，主语travel是单数，谓语动词用三单形式，故填offers。 写作精讲 　本单元的话题为“成长故事”,要求学生根据所学的词汇和句型介绍自己或他人的成长故事。通常涉及的细分话题有:描述自己遇到的经历或挫折;描述自己是如何应对挫折的。该话题常见的体裁有记叙文、说明文和应用文(如书信、电子邮件或演讲稿等)。 写作实例 　　世上无难事,只怕有心人。我们在学习或生活中都会遇到一些困难,但是只要怀着积极的心态去面对它们,就一定能够守得云开见月明。某英语报正在开展以“Never be afraid of difficulties”为题的征文活动,请你写一篇文章投稿,参加这次活动。 写作要点:(1)简要说说你对在学习或生活中遇到的困难的看法; (2)详述一次你难忘的克服困难的经历; (3)简述你的收获或感受。 　　注意:(1)90词左右;(2)行文流畅;(3)文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称。 Never be afraid of difficulties 审题指导 1.体裁:记叙文。    2.时态:一般现在时和一般过去时。    3.人称:以第一人称为主。 4.必备词句: （1）different kinds of 不同种类的; （2）give up 放弃; （3）make mistakes 犯错; （4）look up 查阅,查找; （5）search for 搜寻,寻找; （6）ask sb. for help 向某人求助; （7）put one’s heart into 全心全意投入; （8）deal with 应对,处理; （9）primary school小学; （10）make one's decision做决定; （11）do research做研究; （12）be busy with sth. 忙于某事; （13）achieve one’s dream实现某人的梦想; （14）play an important role发挥重要作用; （15）go through经历; （16）have difficulty doing sth. 做某事有困难; （17）help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事; （18）say thanks to sb. 向某人⑨Nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it. 如果我们全心全意投入,没有什么事是困难的。 （19）Meanwhile, parents should give them enough support. 同时,父母应该给他们足够的支持。 （20）Thanks to her, I can become a better person. 多亏有她,我可以变成更好的人。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 Never be afraid of difficulties 　　In our life, everyone needs to face different kinds of problems. I think that everyone may face difficulties in learning. However, we shouldn't give up easily. 　　Once I could hardly follow my teachers in class and I made many mistakes in my tests. I felt very sad. I looked up information in reference books or searched for more information on the Internet. Sometimes I asked my teachers or classmates for help. With hard work, I have done much better in my studies. 　　I learned a lesson from my experience: Nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it. Whatever difficulty we meet, there’s always a way for us to deal with it. 随堂训练 （1） 　　假如你是李华,你的好朋友Lucy不久前参加歌唱比赛被淘汰,她因这次失败而深感困扰,无心学习。请你给她写一封电子邮件,简要表达自己对她的处境的理解,并提出建议。 你的建议包括:1.要正确看待比赛,享受过程;2.不要放弃唱歌的爱好;3.还有很多实现梦想的途径。 写作要求:词数80—100(电子邮件的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数)。 Dear Lucy, I’m sorry to hear that ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Lucy, I’m sorry to hear that you’re feeling upset about not getting any prizes in the singing competition. I know how you feel. As your friend, I’d like to offer you some suggestions. 　　First, I’d like to remind you that competitions are just one part of life. It doesn’t matter whether you win or lose. What you should do is to enjoy the competition and learn from it. Second, don’t give up your hobby. I know your dream is to be a singer. Last but not least, there are still some other ways that can help you achieve your dream. After all, taking part in singing competitions is not the only way to achieve your dream. I’m looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua （2） 4．关于青少年成长, 不同的人有着不同的看法。请根据下面的图表提示，以Growth为题, 写一篇文章给学校英文校刊PURE TIME投稿，谈谈你对成长的理解， 并基于你的理解分享一个自己成长过程中的小故事。 注意: （1）任意选取三个方面加以说明， 每一个方面至少包含2条原因； （2）文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息； （3）词数：不少于100词， 标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。 GROWTH Growing up means understanding important things to help us become better. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 GROWTH Growing up means understanding important things to help us become better. For me, growth involves knowing the need to share housework, the importance of communicating, and the meaning of volunteering.       Sharing housework is essential. Firstly, it lightens parents’ burden. They work hard all day, and our help can give them a break. Secondly, it teaches us life skills. Communicating matters a lot. When we talk openly, misunderstandings will disappear. On one hand, it helps build better relationships. On the other hand, it improves our expression ability. Volunteering is meaningful. For instance, it spreads love and care. When we help others, we make the world warmer. Also, it develops empathy.        Once, my mom was ill. I decided to share housework. I cooked simple meals and cleaned the house. Through this, I realized how tired my mom usually was. This experience made me understand the value of sharing housework.       In a word, these understandings guide me to grow into a more responsible and caring person.    【详解】【总体分析】 ①题材：材料作文；   ②时态：一般现在时、一般过去时；   ③提示：紧扣图表中分担家务、沟通、志愿活动等方面（从图表四个方面中任意选取三个）。 【写作步骤】 第一步：开篇点题，说明成长意味着理解重要的事以让自己变得更好，引出要阐述的三个方面（分担家务、沟通、志愿活动）； 第二步：分别详细论述三个方面（分担家务、沟通、志愿活动）的重要性，每个方面给出至少2条原因； 第三步：讲述自己成长中因妈妈生病分担家务的小故事，体现对分担家务的深刻理解，最后总结这些理解助力自己成长。 【亮点词汇】①lighten one’s burden 减轻某人的负担 ②prepare for 为……做准备 ③guide to引导；带领 ④mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 【高分句型】 ①Growing up means understanding important things to help us become better.（动名词短语作主语） ②When we talk openly, misunderstandings will disappear.（when引导的时间状语从句） （3） 快节奏的数字生活易让人迷失方向，而沉淀心灵、拓宽视野的真实体验正成为当代青少年成长的关键密码。学校英语社推出“探索世界，成长自我”主题征文活动，请你从“A travel experience”和“An outdoor activity”中选择一个话题，参照表格提示，用英语讲述你的独特成长故事。 话题 内容 A travel experience 1. 一次旅行经历（地点、风景名胜、美食、活动……）； 2. 此次旅行对环境的影响（如对环境的污染或保护）； 3. 你的感想或收获。 An outdoor activity 1. 一项户外活动的经历（骑行、远足、露营、爬山……）； 2. 此次活动中最难忘的时刻； 3. 你的感想或收获。 提示：1. 选择一个话题作为作文题目，填写在正文上方的横线上； 2. 写作覆盖所选话题的所有要点，可选择使用参考词汇； 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息； 4. 词数在100词左右。 参考词汇：环境 environment；难忘的 unforgettable __________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Travel Experience Last summer, I visited Guilin with my family. It’s a beautiful city with green mountains and clear rivers. We took a bamboo boat along the Li River and enjoyed the amazing views. The mountains looked like huge green walls, and the water was so clear that we could see fish swimming. We also tried local food like Guilin rice noodles. They tasted really delicious! During the trip, we also protected the environment. We always put our rubbish in bins. We even joined in an activity to clean up the beach. I felt proud to help keep the environment clean. This trip made me know that travelling is not only for having fun but also for protecting the environment. I hope more people will love our planet when travelling. An Outdoor Activity Last autumn, I went mountain climbing with my friends. At first, we felt excited to walk up paths and steps. An hour later, we got tired. But the amazing view we could enjoy from the top attracted us. So we cheered each other up and kept going. When we finally stood on the top of the mountain, the view took our breath away. The most unforgettable moment came when we stopped for a short rest during the trip. We noticed some rubbish left by other climbers. We picked it up and put it in the right place. In fact, simple things mean a lot. After that, I not only feel more confident in the face of difficulties, but also know the importance of protecting the environment. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步、介绍自己的一次旅行经历； 第二步、介绍此次旅行对环境的影响； 第三步、介绍自己的感想或收获。 [亮点词汇] ①look like看起来像 ②clean up清理 ③not only…but also不仅……而且 [高分句型] ①The mountains looked like huge green walls, and the water was so clear that we could see fish swimming. (so…that引导结果状语从句) （4） 2025年泰安市教育局启动“阳光成长工程”，将挫折教育（frustration education）纳入学校常规教学体系。为配合这项工作，你校《英语学习报》开设“成长故事汇”专栏，现面向全体学生征集关于克服学习或生活中困难的真实故事。请你写一篇英语短文，详细描述你遇到的具体困难、解决过程以及从中获得的启示。 提示问题：1. What challenge did you meet in your study or life? 2. What steps did you take to overcome this difficulty? 3. What life lesson do you learn from this experience? 要求：1.语句通顺，意思连贯，可根据提示适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名等； 3.词数130左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文： Last semester, I faced a major challenge in math. Despite studying hard, my grades kept dropping, which made me feel frustrated and anxious. To overcome this, I first analyzed my weak points by reviewing past exams. Then, I created a detailed study plan, focusing on problem-solving techniques. I also sought help from my teacher and joined a study group to learn from peers. Gradually, my understanding improved, and my scores rose. This experience taught me that persistence and seeking support are key to overcoming difficulties. Now, I approach challenges with confidence and a positive mindset. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：以一般过去时为主； ③提示：根据提示问题完成写写作，注意内容需涵盖“困难描述——解决过程——启示”三要点，可适当添加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，直入主题，引出遇到的挑战； 第二步，详细讲述是如何解决这个问题的； 第三步，总结收获。 [亮点词汇] ①frustrated 沮丧的 ②analyzed weak points 分析薄弱点 ③persistence 坚持 [高分句型] ①Despite studying hard, my grades kept dropping, which made me feel frustrated and anxious.（which引导的非限制性定语从句） ②This experience taught me that persistence and seeking support are key to overcoming difficulties.（that引导的宾语从句） （5） 成长不是一帆风顺的。在人生的道路上，任何人都会遇到困难和挫折，就看你能否战胜它。战胜了，你就是生活的强者。 某英文网站正在开展以“成长”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的成长故事。 内容包括：你曾经遇到的困难，克服困难的过程以及你的收获。 提示词：be afraid of, communicate, more confident 提示问题： ●What difficulty did you use to have in your school life? ●How did you deal with it? ●What have you learned from that? School life is colorful, but not always easy. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 School life is colorful, but not always easy. I used to have some trouble making friends with others. I was so quiet and found communicating with others really difficult. As a result, I often felt lonely. But things have changed since my head teacher Ms. Zhang had a long talk with me. She encouraged me to be open and offer my hand to others. I tried and it really worked. Now I have made a few friends and become more confident. I don’t find making friends that difficult now. I will not be a closed book any more. 【详解】1. 题干解读：本文属于提纲作文写作，在写作时承接开头，点明了过去遇到的困难；第二段介绍了如何克服困难；最后一段作者发表感想并结尾。 2. 写作指导：本文主要采用第一人称进行写作，一般过去时和现在完成时等各种时态交错使用，合理恰当；在叙述老师的帮助时，具体细致；在描写自己过去的情况和现在的变化时，生动感人，情真意切。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $