Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 单元测试卷-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

Unit2 Morals and Virtues单元测试卷 考试时间：90分钟 总分：100分 班级： 姓名： 学号： 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Honesty is often considered the best policy, but what happens when telling the truth might hurt someone? This creates an ethical dilemma. For example, if a friend asks your opinion on their new haircut that you genuinely dislike, a completely honest answer might damage their confidence. Some argue that in such situations, a kind, gentle response that avoids unnecessary hurt is more virtuous than brutal honesty. This doesn’t mean lying; it means considering the other person’s feelings and choosing words carefully. The balance between honesty and kindness is a lifelong challenge that tests our moral judgment. 1. What is the main topic of this paragraph? A. The history of honesty. B. How to give haircuts. C. The ethical dilemma between honesty and kindness. D. Why lying is always wrong. 2. According to the text, what might be better than "brutal honesty" in some situations? A. Telling a complete lie. B. A kind and gentle response that considers feelings. C. Saying nothing at all. D. Changing the subject immediately. 3. What does the author say about balancing honesty and kindness? A. It is easy to do. B. It is not important in friendships. C. It is a lifelong challenge. D. It is only a problem for adults. B In 2018, a taxi driver in Wuhan, China, named Li Bao, found a bag containing 100,000 yuan in cash left in his cab. Instead of keeping the money, he immediately drove to the police station to report it. The money belonged to an elderly man who had withdrawn it for a family emergency. When offered a reward, Li Bao declined, saying, "It's not my money. Returning it is the right thing to do." His story, widely reported in local media, inspired many. While 100,000 yuan was a significant amount for him, his integrity proved more valuable. Such acts of honesty reinforce social trust and show that virtues are often practiced by ordinary people in everyday life. 4. What did taxi driver Li Bao do when he found the money? A. He kept it for himself. B. He gave it to his family. C. He reported it to the police immediately. D. He waited for the owner to call him. 5. Why did Li Bao decline the reward? A. He was already very rich. B. He believed returning the money was simply the right thing. C. He was afraid of the police. D. The reward was too small. 6. What is the broader impact of stories like Li Bao's according to the text? A. They make people want to become taxi drivers. B. They inspire people and reinforce social trust. C. They cause everyone to lose their money. D. They are only interesting local news. C Courage is not the absence of fear, but the will to act rightly despite fear. Moral courage is especially important—it is the courage to stand up for what is ethical, even when it is unpopular or might bring negative consequences. A classic example is speaking out against a bully, not just for yourself, but for someone else. In the workplace, it might mean reporting unethical behavior. This kind of courage requires strong principles and often comes with personal risk, such as social rejection or professional setback. However, societies need individuals with moral courage to challenge injustices and uphold collective values. It is a virtue that protects the vulnerable and maintains fairness. 7. How does the author define courage? A. The complete absence of fear. B. The will to act rightly despite feeling fear. C. Only physical strength and bravery. D. Never feeling scared of anything. 8. What is "moral courage" according to the text? A. Courage to do dangerous sports. B. Courage to stand up for ethical principles, even if unpopular. C. Courage to travel alone. D. Courage to try new foods. 9. Why is moral courage important for society? A. It helps people get richer. B. It allows individuals to challenge injustices and uphold values. C. It makes everyone popular. D. It eliminates all risks from life. D Virtues like empathy and compassion are crucial for a harmonious society. Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another. Compassion goes a step further—it is the feeling that arises when you are confronted with another's suffering and feel motivated to relieve it. These are not just soft skills; they are moral foundations for cooperation and care. For instance, a compassionate doctor not treats the disease but also comforts the anxious patient. Studies in psychology show that practicing empathy can reduce conflict and increase prosocial behavior. In an increasingly interconnected world, cultivating these virtues helps bridge differences and fosters a sense of shared humanity. Schools and families play key roles in nurturing empathy in young people through modeling behavior and encouraging perspective-taking. 10. What is the difference between empathy and compassion as described? A. They are exactly the same. B. Empathy is understanding feelings; compassion adds the desire to help. C. Compassion is only for doctors. D. Empathy is stronger than compassion. 11. According to the text, what is one effect of practicing empathy? A. It always makes you feel sad. B. It can reduce conflict and increase helping behavior. C. It is only useful for psychologists. D. It makes people more selfish. 12. Who plays a key role in nurturing empathy in the young? A. Only teachers. B. Schools and families. C. Television and movies. D. Government officials. 13. The word "prosocial" in paragraph 2 most likely means ______. A. intended to benefit others or society B. professional and social C. problematic and social D. personal and solitary 14. How does the author view empathy and compassion? A. As unimportant "soft skills." B. As moral foundations for a harmonious society. C. As weaknesses to be avoided. D. As only relevant in medical fields. 15. What can be inferred from the text about our world? A. It no longer needs virtues like empathy. B. Being interconnected makes cultivating these virtues more important. C. Empathy cannot be learned. D. Only adults need to practice compassion. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Building Good Character: It's a Daily Practice We often admire people with strong moral character—those who are honest, kind, and courageous. We might think they were simply born that way. ___16___ Like a muscle, good character is built through consistent, daily choices. Here’s how. Start with Self-Awareness. Pay attention to your thoughts and actions. When you make a mistake, like losing your temper or being unfair, acknowledge it honestly to yourself. ___17___ This reflection is the first step toward growth. Set Small, Intentional Goals. Don't try to change everything at once. Pick one virtue to focus on, like patience or honesty. Set a small, achievable goal for the day. For example, "Today, I will listen fully without interrupting when someone is speaking to me." ___18___ Practice in Low-Stakes Situations. Build your "character muscle" in everyday moments. Return extra change given by mistake at a store. Help a classmate who dropped their books. Tell the truth even about a small mistake. ___19___ They prepare you for bigger tests. Find Role Models and Learn from Stories. Observe people you respect. Read biographies or watch films about individuals who demonstrated great integrity or compassion. ___20___ Their stories can provide inspiration and a roadmap. Reflect at the End of the Day. Briefly review your day. When did you act according to your values? When did you fall short? What would you do differently tomorrow? This habit solidifies learning. Building character is a journey, not a destination. Every conscious choice is a brick in the foundation of who you are becoming. A. These seemingly minor actions strengthen your moral habits. B. Understanding why you acted that way helps you improve. C. Therefore, character cannot be changed after childhood. D. But character is largely developed through practice. E. Achieving this small goal builds confidence for the next. F. Major ethical decisions are the only ones that matter. G. Discuss what makes their choices admirable. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Mr. Chen was my high school history teacher, a man of few words but great ___21___. He taught us more than dates and events; he taught us about integrity. One rainy afternoon, a class test was scheduled. As he handed out the papers, he reminded us, "Your ___22___ is your responsibility." The test was challenging. About halfway through, I noticed Sarah, sitting next to me, ___23___ glance at her hidden notes. My heart sank. Sarah was my friend, and she had been struggling in class. I faced a ___24___: should I report her or stay silent? The rules were clear, but friendship complicated things. I remembered Mr. Chen's words about honor. After the test, feeling uneasy, I ___25___ approached his desk. "Mr. Chen," I said quietly, "I need to tell you something about the test." I explained what I had seen, emphasizing that Sarah was usually honest and might just be ___26___. He listened intently, his expression serious but not angry. "Thank you for telling me," he said. "It took ___27___ to come forward. Leave this with me." The next day, Mr. Chen asked Sarah to see him after class. He never told me what they discussed, but Sarah later told me he had been firm but ___28___. He gave her a zero for the test but offered to let her retake a different version for partial credit if she wrote a reflection on academic honesty. She ___29___. Weeks later, Mr. Chen spoke to our class about ethics. He didn't mention any names. He said, "Integrity is doing the right thing, especially when it's difficult. Sometimes, it means being honest when others are not. Other times, it means having the ___30___ to report a wrong, not out of spite, but out of respect for fairness and for the person who can learn from their mistake." His words ___31___ me deeply. I realized my choice, though painful, was about upholding a standard that ___32___ everyone. It wasn't about betraying a friend; it was about caring enough to not let her compromise her own ___33___. Surprisingly, Sarah and I remained friends. She admitted she had been wrong and thanked me for caring more about her character than just covering for her. That experience was a ___34___ lesson in morals and virtues. Mr. Chen taught us that the classroom was not just for academic learning but also for character building. He showed that true virtue lies in action—in the difficult, daily ___35___ we make between what is easy and what is right. 21. A. wealth B. patience C. humor D. strength 22. A. honesty B. score C. time D. paper 23. A. suddenly B. repeatedly C. never D. happily 24. A. dilemma B. game C. surprise D. chance 25. A. proudly B. angrily C. hesitantly D. confidently 26. A. clever B. desperate C. lazy D. proud 27. A. curiosity B. courage C. intelligence D. time 28. A. cruel B. dismissive C. kind D. scared 29. A. refused B. agreed C. laughed D. escaped 30. A. strength B. right C. duty D. freedom 31. A. bored B. shocked C. touched D. annoyed 32. A. protected B. changed C. benefited D. replaced 33. A. grades B. popularity C. character D. secrets 34. A. forgotten B. practical C. theoretical D. simple 35. A. friends B. mistakes C. plans D. choices 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Forgiveness is a powerful moral virtue, yet it is often misunderstood. It does not mean ___36___ (forget) the wrong or saying that the harmful action was acceptable. Rather, forgiveness is a conscious decision ___37___ (release) feelings of anger and resentment towards someone who has hurt you. This process is more for the well-being of the forgiver than for the offender. Holding onto bitterness can be ___38___ (harm) to one's mental and even physical health. Studies ___39___ (show) that practicing forgiveness can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and lead to greater life satisfaction. However, forgiveness is a process, not an event. It requires empathy—trying to understand the other person's perspective, even if you don't agree with it. It also requires strength. ___40___ (true) forgiving someone can be one of the ___41___ (hard) things a person does. Cultivating forgiveness does not mean you must reconcile with the person or trust them again, especially if they are ___42___ (danger). Boundaries are still important. It simply means you choose to free yourself from the burden of the past. In a world full of conflicts, both big and small, the ability to forgive is essential for personal peace and social ___43___ (harmonious). We can practice small acts of forgiveness in daily life—letting go of a friend's minor rudeness or a parent's harsh word spoken in stress. Each act ___44___ (strengthen) our capacity for this virtue. By choosing forgiveness, we choose a path away from being a permanent victim of our past and towards ___45___ (heal) and freedom. 第三部分 翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 将下列中文句子翻译成英文，要求使用括号内所给的单词或短语。 46. 诚实是一种美德，它意味着在任何情况下都说真话。(virtue) 47. 这位医生以对病人的同情和奉献而闻名。(be known for) 48. 在做决定时，我们应该考虑对他人可能产生的影响。(take...into consideration) 49. 他勇敢的行为激励了社区里的许多人。(inspire) 50. 宽恕并不意味着忘记过去，而是选择放下愤怒。(mean) 第四部分 书面表达（满分15分） 假设你是李华，你校英文报正在举办以“A Virtuous Person Around Me”为题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文，描述你身边一位具备良好美德的人（如家人、老师、朋友等），并谈谈他/她对你的影响。 注意：词数80左右。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit2 Morals and Virtues单元测试卷（答案） 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 1-5: CBCBB 6-10: BBBBB 11-15: BBABB 第二节（七选五） 16-20: D B E A G 第二部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 21-25: BABAC 26-30: BBCBA 31-35: CCCBD 第二节 语法填空 36. forgetting 37. to release 38. harmful 39. have shown 40. Truly 41. hardest 42. dangerous 43. harmony 44. strengthens 45. healing 第三部分 翻译句子 46. Honesty is a virtue which means telling the truth in all situations. 47. This doctor is known for his/her compassion and dedication to patients. 48. When making decisions, we should take their possible impact on others into consideration. 49. His brave actions inspired many people in the community. 50. Forgiveness does not mean forgetting the past, but choosing to let go of anger. 第四部分 书面表达（参考范文） The most virtuous person I know is my grandmother. She may not have done grand deeds, but her daily life is a lesson in kindness and integrity. She always keeps her promises, helps neighbors without expecting anything in return, and speaks gently even when upset. Once, a street vendor gave her too much change; she walked back two blocks to return it. Her actions have taught me that true character is built through small, consistent choices. She inspires me to be a better person every day. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $