精品解析：广东省深圳市南山实验教育集团南海中学2024-2025学年八年级上学期期中质量检测英语试卷

南海中学2024-2025学年度第一学期期中质量检测 八年级 英语学科试卷 说明：1．全卷五大题，共8页。 2．考试时间为70分钟，满分85分。 3. 答题时，考生务必将姓名、班级、考号、考试科目、试卷类型用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，并用黑色签字笔填写相应信息。请考生按要求在答题卷规定的位置上作答，在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题共50分） I.完形填空. 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 (共 10小题，每小题1分，共10分) One day, someone broke into a rich man’s house at night. The man thought that the thief was one of his ____1____. So he talked to the town’s officer. The officer visited his house and called all of his servants (仆人) over and asked, “Did anyone take anything away from the house?” ____2____ answered. The officer left and soon ____3____ with four sticks. He gave each servant a stick and said, “Go home and come back tomorrow. By the way, the ____4____ of the real thief is two inches longer than the others.” The next day, all of the servants came to the same ____5____. The officer asked them to ____6____ their sticks. After ____7____ each stick carefully, the officer stopped at the last servant and said, “You are the ____8____.” Later, the ____9____ man asked, “How did you find it out, sir?”  “I gave them all sticks of the same length. But the real thief was afraid his stick would be ____10____, so he cut two inches off,” the officer said. 1. A. soldiers B. students C. servants D. drivers 2. A. Nobody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Everybody 3. A. caught up B. sat around C. came back D. turned around 4. A. table B. stick C. gun D. leaf 5. A. house B. classroom C. place D. pool 6. A. show B. get C. cut D. plant 7. A. looking for B. looking up C. looking into D. looking at 8. A. teacher B. officer C. thief D. man 9. A. poor B. rich C. tall D. thin 10. A. shorter B. bigger C. dirtier D. longer 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位富人家里失窃，他怀疑是仆人所为，便请官员调查。官员巧用四根长度相同的木棍设下计谋，最终成功找出小偷的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：这个人认为小偷是他的仆人之一。 soldiers士兵；students学生；servants仆人；drivers司机。根据“The officer visited his house and called all of his servants (仆人) over and asked”可知，官员把所有仆人叫来问话，说明富人怀疑的对象是仆人。故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：没有人回答。 Nobody没有人；Somebody某人；Anybody任何人；Everybody每个人。根据后文官员用木棍设下计谋找小偷可推知，没有人回答官员的提问。故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：官员离开了，很快拿着四根木棍回来了。 caught up赶上；sat around闲坐；came back回来；turned around转身。根据“The officer left”和“He gave each servant a stick and said”可知，官员先离开富人的家，之后带着木棍返回。故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：顺便说一下，真正小偷木棍会比其他人的长两英寸。 table桌子；stick木棍；gun枪；leaf树叶。根据“He gave each servant a stick and said”和“two inches longer than the others”可知，官员给每个仆人发了一根木棍，真正小偷的木棍会比其他人的长两英寸。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：第二天，所有仆人都来到了同一个地方。 house房子；classroom教室；place地方；pool水池。根据“all of the servants came to the same”可知，仆人需要集合接受官员的检查，所以都来到同一个“地方”。故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：官员让他们出示自己的木棍。 show出示；get得到；cut切割；plant种植。根据“The officer asked them to...their stick.”可知，官员要通过检查木棍的长度找出小偷，所以需要仆人把木棍拿出来展示。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：仔细看过每一根木棍后，官员在最后一个仆人面前停下来说。 looking for寻找；looking up查阅；looking into调查；looking at检查，察看。根据“each stick carefully”可知，官员需要观察木棍的长度差异，looking at符合语境。故选D。 【8题详解】 句意：你就是小偷。 teacher老师；officer官员；thief小偷；man男人。根据“How did you find it out, sir?”可知，官员通过木棍的长度找出了小偷。故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：后来，那个富人问：“先生，您是怎么查出来的？” poor贫穷的；rich富有的；tall高的；thin瘦的。根据文章开头提到“a rich man’s house”可知，此处指失窃的富人。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：但是真正的小偷害怕他的木棍会更长，所以他切掉了两英寸。 shorter更短的；bigger更大的；dirtier更脏的；longer更长的。根据“two inches longer than the others.”和“the real thief was afraid”以及“so he cut two inches off”可知，官员谎称小偷的木棍会比别人的长两英寸，小偷心虚才会去截短木棍。故选D。 II.阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分） A People in the West name their family members in different ways I came to China many years ago, but I still have problems calling my Chinese husband’s relatives the right names. There are many differences in what we call our family members in China and the West. Remembering the right names Every time I visit my husband’s family in China, I feel nervous. His two aunties come and I can never remember their names. Are they “Xiao Gu” or “Er Gu” or something else?  In English-speaking countries, for aunts and uncles, we just add their names at the end, for example: “Aunt Jenny”, or just call them by their first name. However, something similar to Chinese happens in my family, too. My dad and cousin are both named Anthony. So, we call them “big Anthony” and “little Anthony”!  When in Rome do as the Romans do In China, it is a tradition to call your parents-in-law (配偶的父母) “Mom” and “Dad”. Though it made me feel a little uncomfortable, I took up this custom because my husband is Chinese. My husband started doing the same for my parents, but I told him to just call them by their first names. That’s what we do back in Australia. Then, my mom called me to ask why my husband stopped calling her “Mom”. I said it was because I told him to. “But I like him calling me ‘Mom’”, she said. My mom must be Chinese at heart! 11. How does the author feel when visiting her husband’s family in China? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confused. D. Uncomfortable 12. In English-speaking countries, how do people usually call their aunts and uncles? A. By their full names. B. By their titles only. C. By adding their names at the end. D. By calling them “big” or “little” plus their names. 13. Why did the author’s husband stop calling her mom “Mom”? A. Because he forgot her name. B. Because the author told him to. C. Because he prefers calling her by her first name. D. Because her mom doesn’t like being called “Mom”. 14. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. The author’s mom is Chinese. B. The author’s husband is uncomfortable calling her parents by their first names. C. In the author’s family, there is a tradition of calling parents-in-law “Mom” and “Dad”. D. The author’s mom prefers her son-in-law to call her “Mom”. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The differences in naming family members between China and the West. B. The author’s experience in learning Chinese. C. The author struggles to remember her husband’s relatives’ names. D. The customs of calling parents-in-law in China. 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在中国家庭中因亲属称谓差异而遇到的困惑，并对比了中西方在称呼家庭成员时的不同习惯。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Every time I visit my husband’s family in China, I feel nervous.”可知，作者感到紧张。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In English-speaking countries, for aunties and uncles, we just add their names at the end, for example: ‘Aunt Jenny’, or just call them by their first name.”可知，英语国家的人习惯在称谓后加名字。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I told him to just call them by their first names…my mom called me to ask why my husband stopped calling her ‘Mom’…I said it was because I told him to…But I like him calling me ‘Mom’”可知，丈夫停止称呼“妈妈”是因为作者的要求。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But I like him calling me ‘Mom’”可知，作者的妈妈更喜欢女婿叫她“妈妈”。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕中西方亲属称谓差异展开，A项符合。故选A。 B Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephant’s main lake dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation (情况) became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020,” said a member of MEP. Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants. 16. Why was MEP started? A. To raise more elephants in Mali. B. To stop the main lake from drying up. C. To discover water source for elephants. D. To protect the elephants’ living environment. 17. What does “this situation” in paragraph four refer to? A. fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016 B. the increase of poaching and illegal trade C. all the Gourma elephants were killed D. eighty-three elephants were lost 18. Which of the following is TRUE? A. There are 400 Gourma Desert elephants in Mali, West Africa. B. 134 elephants were killed and traded illegally from 2012 to 2016. C. Human activities also led to the decrease of the elephant population (数量). D. MEP was the only organization to fight against illegal trade of elephants. 19. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The number of organizations has dropped. B. The whole world lives peacefully with elephants. C. The local people keep the elephants at home. D. There is less elephant poaching now. 20. What is this passage mainly about? A. The introduction of Mali Elephant Project. B. The elephant poaching in West Africa. C. The rules of using land and water in Mali. D. The education of the local people in Mali. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古尔马沙漠大象减少的原因以及采取的保护措施。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007.”可知，是为了保护大象的生存环境，故选D。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据“However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching(偷猎)and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly.”可知，如果偷猎和非法贸易行为迅速增加的这种情况继续下去，古尔马沙漠象的境况会更加危险。故选B。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据“On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans.”可知，人类过度活动也导致了大象数量的减少。故选C。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level.”可知，偷猎大象这种行为已经下降到一个非常低的水平。故选D。 【20题详解】 主旨大意题。本文围绕古尔马沙漠大象的现状展开描述，介绍了MEP对大象的保护措施，故选A。 C How would you like to build a time machine? Paper, sticks, glue and string are all you need.Put them together to build a kite. A kite connects you to the past. No one knows who flew the first kite. It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia.Indonesia. Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish. Starting 2000years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth. In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away. About 1,300 years ago, Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there.Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain. Over time, kites flew their way out of Asia.Today, kites are a passion all over the world. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun. Over the years,Kites have also helped people understand the natural world.In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do. Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane. Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air,people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate, relax and explore. So go fly a kite! Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries. 21. According to the passage, in which countries were kites used to make good wishes? A. China and Japan. B. China and Thailand. C Japan and Indonesia. D. Thailand and Indonesia. 22. According to the Chinese story, the army used kites to___________. A. make the enemies leave in fear B. celebrate victories during wartime C. stop the enemies from sleeping well D. carry soldiers to fight against the enemies 23. The underlined word “passion”in Paragraph 4 means__________. A. strong love B. useful machine C. happy dream D. common treasure 24. How does the writer develop Paragraph 5? A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers. C. By comparing facts. D. By giving examples. 25. What’s the purpose of this passage? A. To show people how to fly kites. B. To explain how kites are used in science. C To introduce the roles of kites in history. D. To discuss the difference among kites worldwide. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. C 【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了风筝在过去所起的作用。自古代中国起，人们就喜欢放风筝。风筝给了我们庆祝、放松和探索的方式。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.”和“During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain.”可知，在中国和泰国，人们用风筝来表达美好的愿望，故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away.”可知，根据一个中国故事所说，军队使用风筝让敌人在恐惧中离开。故选A。 【23题详解】 词义猜测题。strong love强烈的爱，useful machine有用的机器，happy dream愉快的梦，common treasure共同的财富。根据“Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun.”可知，人们喜欢风筝，所以passion与A项意思相符。故选A。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 1749, for example,”和“In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, ”可知，作者通过举例子来展开第5段，故选D。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Over the years,Kites have also helped people understand the natural world.”和“Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes.”可知，本文主要介绍风筝在历史上起的作用，故选C。 第二节 补全信息。 阅读下面短文，并从文章后面A-F六个句子中选择五个还原到原文，使原文的意思连贯、完整，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Today computers are always used in our daily lives. But do you know who is the world’s first computer programmer? It’s Ada Lovelace. _____26_____ She showed an interest in Maths and Science from a young age. With her mother’s help, Lovelace made friends with big thinkers of the day. When she was 17, someone introduced the British inventor Charles Babbage to Lovelace. _____27_____ In 1843, Lovelace wrote an article about computer science. She wrote about how the computer worked, and the article included a formula (公式) for calculating an important number. _____28_____ Lovelace also imagined the modern-day computer. She wrote that the computer could not only calculate numbers, but also create music and art. _____29_____ And computers would take the place of some human workers. Now there is a festival to remember Lovelace every year. _____30_____ More and more people know about Lovelace’s stories. People use them to encourage young girls to do well in science subjects. There is no reason why girls can’t become successful scientists. Just remember the world’s first computer programmer is a woman! A. Lovelace was born into a rich family in 1815. B. People took the formula as the first computer program. C. Many young people want to work as a computer engineer. D. Lovelace Day is held on the second Tuesday of every October. E. She thought computers could do jobs better than humans in the future. F. In the following 20 years, the two kept writing to each other to discuss Maths and Science. 【答案】26. A 27. F 28. B 29. E 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界首位计算机程序员埃达・洛夫莱斯的成长经历、在计算机领域的开创性贡献，以及如今人们纪念她的方式和相关意义。 【26题详解】 根据“She showed an interest in Maths and Science from a young age.”可知，后文讲述她自幼对数学和科学感兴趣，空白处需要先介绍她的出身背景。选项A“洛夫莱斯于1815年出生在一个富裕家庭。”符合语境，故选A。 【27题详解】 根据“When she was 17, someone introduced the British inventor Charles Babbage to Lovelace.”可知，前文讲17岁时她结识发明家查尔斯・巴贝奇，空白处需要衔接两人后续的交集。选项F“在接下来的20年里，两人一直通信讨论数学和科学问题。”符合语境，故选F。 【28题详解】 根据“She wrote about how the computer worked, and the article included a formula (公式) for calculating an important number.”可知，前文讲她的文章里包含一个计算公式，空白处需要说明这个公式的重要地位。选项B“人们将这个公式视为首个计算机程序。”符合语境，故选B。 【29题详解】 根据“She wrote that the computer could not only calculate numbers, but also create music and art...And computers would take the place of some human workers.”可知，前文讲她畅想计算机的功能，后文说计算机将取代部分人类工作，空白处需要补充她对计算机未来能力的预判。选项E“她认为未来计算机能比人类更好地完成工作。”符合语境，故选E。 【30题详解】 根据“Now there is a festival to remember Lovelace every year.”可知，前文提到每年有纪念洛夫莱斯的节日，空白处需要说明这个节日的具体信息。选项D“洛夫莱斯纪念日定于每年十月的第二个周二。”符合语境，故选D。 第三节 信息匹配。 下面的材料A~F分别是六本杂志的内容简介。请根据五名同学的喜好选择合适的杂志。 ____31____ Sue enjoys modern fashion and makes her own clothes in her free time. ____32____ Peter really loves finding out about the latest technology, fast cars and music. ____33____ Interested in the environment, Karen wants to do something to protect the earth. ____34____ Hoping to join a theatre group, Jessica wants to find people who are interested in the same thing. ____35____ Sonia’s favorite way to spend time is going to the mountains and hillwalking whatever the weather is like. A. Go do it!—Do you have big ideas of protecting the planet? Do you want to stop climate change? lt is a perfect thing for you. B. Human touch—We have everything from knitting and sewing patterns to our letter page. Here you can find any modern pattern for the clothes. C. Out doors—A great new magazine for everyone who likes to get out and be active, rain or shine. There are lots of ideas and advice on camping and hillwalking. D. Planet A—A magazine for those who love to see rain and clouds in nature. This magazine gives you information to help you plan your adventures in the wild. E. Top act—A magazine for young fans of the theatre, We let you know what’s on near you. You can also find a youth theatre club near you on your local contact page. F. The latest—Each week, we have a different focus on the latest technologies in the world from science to music. If something new is happening, you’ll know about it first! 【答案】31. B 32. F 33. A 34. E 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是六本杂志的介绍及五位同学的喜好。 【31题详解】 根据“Sue enjoys modern fashion and makes her own clothes in her free time.”可知，Sue喜欢现代时尚，并在空闲时间自己做衣服，B选项“Human touch——我们有各种各样的东西，从编织和缝纫图案到我们的信件页。在这里你可以找到任何现代款式的衣服。”符合，故选B。 【32题详解】 根据“Peter really loves finding out about the latest technology, fast cars and music.”可知，Peter非常喜欢了解最新的科技、跑车和音乐，F选项“The latest——每周，我们都会以不同的方式关注世界上从科学到音乐的最新技术。如果有新的事情发生，你会先知道的！”符合，故选F。 【33题详解】 根据“Interested in the environment, Karen wants to do something to protect the earth.”可知，Karen对环境很感兴趣，她想做点什么来保护地球，A选项“Go do it!——你有保护地球的大想法吗？你想阻止气候变化吗？这对你来说是一件完美的事情。”符合，故选A。 【34题详解】 根据“Hoping to join a theatre group, Jessica wants to find people who are interested in the same thing.”可知，Jessica希望加入一个剧团，她想找到对同样的事情感兴趣的人，E选项“Top act——这是一本面向年轻剧院粉丝的杂志，我们让您知道您附近正在发生什么。您还可以在当地的联系页面上找到您附近的青年戏剧俱乐部。”符合，故选E。 【35题详解】 根据“Sonia’s favorite way to spend time is going to the mountains and hillwalking whatever the weather is like.”可知，索尼娅最喜欢的消磨时间的方式是无论天气如何都去山上和爬山，C选项“Out doors——一本很棒的新杂志，适合所有喜欢外出活动的人，风雨无阻。有很多关于露营和登山的想法和建议。”符合，故选C。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共35分） III. 课文填空。 阅读下面的句子，根据括号里的汉语提示，填入相应短语的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 36. Da Vinci ________ _________ _________ the countryside. (出生在) 【答案】 ①. was ②. born ③. in 【解析】 【详解】句意：达芬奇出生在乡下。be born in“出生在某地”，动词短语，达芬奇是过去的人物，因此be动词用过去式was。故填was；born；in。 37. Some dinosaurs were _________ _________ _________ chickens. (和……一样小) 【答案】 ①. as ②. small ③. as 【解析】 【详解】句意：有些恐龙和鸡一样小。“和……一样……”as...as...，“小的”small，形容词作表语。故填as；small；as。 38. Many people visited his fruit shop and _________ _________ _________ the Big Banana. (给……拍照片) 【答案】 ①. took ②. photos ③. of 【解析】 【详解】句意：很多人光顾他的水果店，还拍了大香蕉的照片。take photos of “给……拍照片”，动词短语，根据“visited his fruit shop and”可知，此处用一般过去时，take的过去式是took。故填took；photos；of。 39. I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, four for the third, and then double the amount for each of _________ _________ _________ the squares. (剩余的) 【答案】 ①. the ②. rest ③. of 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想要在棋盘的第一个方格放1粒米，第二个放2粒，第三个放4粒，然后在剩余的方格里依次放两倍的米。the rest of“剩余的”，是固定搭配。故填the；rest；of。 40. They often put the tokens on pieces of string _________ _________ they could carry them around easily. (以便) 【答案】 ①. so ②. that 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们经常把代币穿在绳子上，以便能轻松随身携带它们。so that“以便”，用于引导目的状语从句。故填so；that。 41. Some computers are tiny. You may _________ _________ _________ them. (没有意识到) 【答案】 ①. be ②. unaware ③. of 【解析】 【详解】句意：有些电脑很小。你可能不知道它们。“没有意识到”be unaware of，固定短语，在本句中表示“不知道”。may后跟动词原形，故填be；unaware；of。 42. I hope we can all work together to _________ _________ _________ spending too much time playing computer games. (阻止学生) 【答案】 ①. prevent##stop ②. students ③. from 【解析】 【详解】句意：我希望我们能共同努力，阻止学生花太多时间玩电脑游戏。prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，是固定用法，动词不定式to后面跟动词原形，students“学生”，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填prevent/stop；students；from。 43. They help people _________ _________ _________ _________. (过更好的生活) 【答案】 ①. live ②. a ③. better ④. life 【解析】 【详解】句意：它们帮助人们过更好的生活。live a better life“过更好的生活”，动词短语，help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，所以此处live用原形。故填live；a；better；life。 44. Today _________ _________ people across the world own mobile phones. (数以百万计的) 【答案】 ①. millions ②. of 【解析】 【详解】句意：如今，全世界数以百万计的人都拥有手机。millions of“数以百万计的”，作定语。故填millions；of。 45. _________ _________, computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships. (除此之外) 【答案】 ①. In ②. addition 【解析】 【详解】句意：除此之外，电脑还能承担操控铁路、驾驶飞机和宇宙飞船这类重要工作。in addition“除此之外”，介词短语，作状语。句首首字母大写。故填In；addition。 IV.语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put it in the bathroom. ____46____ it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess ____47____ it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history? According to some research, before toothbrushes ____48____ (appear), the ancient Chinese people cleaned their teeth with some small tree branches. About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brush with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the world’s ____49____ (early) form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of (代替) pig hair ____50____ pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to ancient times and brush your teeth ____51____ (comfortable). It ____52____ (sound) fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found ____53____ (it) way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The ____54____ (invent) of toothbrushes was not well-known, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good habit of ____55____ (brush) teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. 【答案】46. Without 47. what 48. appeared 49. earliest 50. because 51. uncomfortably 52. sounds 53. its 54. invention 55. brushing 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了牙刷的历史发展过程。从中国古代用小树枝清洁牙齿，到用猪毛和竹子制作牙刷，再到传入欧洲并逐渐演变成现代牙刷，文章说明了牙刷的演变及其重要性。 【46题详解】 句意：没有它，我们可能会有牙齿问题。根据“we might have tooth problems”可知，此处指“没有牙刷”的情况，without“没有”。句首单词首字母大写。故填Without。 【47题详解】 句意：你能猜到它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is?”可知，空处是宾语从句的引导词，同时在从句“it is”中充当表语，所以用what，故填what。 48题详解】 句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，古代中国人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。根据“before toothbrushes...”可知，此处是过去发生的动作，用appear的过去式appeared，故填appeared。 【49题详解】 句意：它可能是世界上最早的牙刷形式。根据“the world’s...form”可知，此处用early的最高级earliest表示“最早的”，故填earliest。 【50题详解】 句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛代替猪鬃，因为猪鬃太硬了。根据“people chose horse-tail hair instead of (代替) pig hair”和“pig hair was too hard”可知，前后句子之间是因果关系，后半句表原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 【51题详解】 句意：想象你回到古代，不舒服地刷牙。根据“brush your teeth…”可知，此处修饰动词，需要comfortable的副词形式，结合前文说的古代的牙刷很硬，所以刷牙会不舒服，uncomfortably“不舒服地”。故填uncomfortably。 【52题详解】 句意：这听起来很奇妙，不是吗？根据“It...fantastic”可知，主语为it，谓语动词需用第三人称单数，故填sounds。 【53题详解】 句意：大约15世纪，中国的牙刷传到了欧洲。此处修饰名词way，用it的形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 【54题详解】 句意：牙刷的发明并不广为人知，但在日常生活中非常有用。根据“The…of toothbrushes”可知，此处需用名词形式在句中作主语，invent的名词形式是invention，由“was”可知，此处用单数形式。故填invention。 【55题详解】 句意：今天我们有一个刷牙的好习惯。介词of后接brush 的动名词形式brushing作宾语，故填brushing。 V. 书面表达(15分) 56. 学校正在举行科技节，恰逢一支外国代表团来校观摩。假如你是李华，你参加了科技节中的发明比赛，并且获得一等奖。请你代表参赛学生向代表团做一个关于此次参赛经历和收获的演讲。 内容提示： 1. 你的参赛作品介绍：(1) 名称；(2)功能；(3) ……； 2. 发明该作品的原因； 3. 参加这次比赛的意义。 写作要求： 1. 结构完整，要点齐全，可适当发挥； 2. 表达通顺，语言规范，书写清晰； 3. 文中不能出现任何真实的人名、校名等信息； 4. 词数80左右。文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：科技节Science and Technology Festival 发明比赛 Invention Competition Dear Sir/Madam, Good morning, everybody! You can’t imagine how overjoyed I am after hearing that I got a prize in “Invention Competition”. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening! 【答案】 例文 Dear Sir/Madam, Good morning, everybody! You can’t imagine how overjoyed I am after hearing that I got a prize in “Invention Competition”. My invention is called “Smart Water Saver”. It can find water leaks easily and remind people to save water in time. It’s small and white. I made it because I often noticed people waste water in daily life, such as leaving taps running while washing their hands or doing the dishes. This competition taught me to learn some useful new skills. It also made me more confident when trying new things. What’s more, I realized how important teamwork is—we need to work together and share ideas to achieve better results. Thanks for listening! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材： 本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“内容提示”中关于发明、参赛原因、收获等要点，适当增加细节，使文章重点突出。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开头已给出，表明得知获奖后的喜悦心情； 第二步：具体介绍自己的发明以及发明该作品的原因，并讲述参加比赛的收获； 第三步：总结全文，表达感谢。 [亮点词汇] ①Smart Water Saver智能节水器 ②find water leaks easily容易发现漏水 ③remind people to save water提醒人们节约用水 ④leave taps running让水龙头一直开着 ⑤work together一起工作 [高分句型] ①It can find water leaks easily and remind people to save water in time. (and连接两个并列的动词短语) ②What’s more, I realized how important teamwork is—we need to work together and share ideas to achieve better results. (What’s more用于进一步阐述观点，how引导的宾语从句，动词不定式作目的状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南海中学2024-2025学年度第一学期期中质量检测 八年级 英语学科试卷 说明：1．全卷五大题，共8页。 2．考试时间为70分钟，满分85分。 3. 答题时，考生务必将姓名、班级、考号、考试科目、试卷类型用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，并用黑色签字笔填写相应信息。请考生按要求在答题卷规定的位置上作答，在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题共50分） I.完形填空. 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 (共 10小题，每小题1分，共10分) One day, someone broke into a rich man’s house at night. The man thought that the thief was one of his ____1____. So he talked to the town’s officer. The officer visited his house and called all of his servants (仆人) over and asked, “Did anyone take anything away from the house?” ____2____ answered. The officer left and soon ____3____ with four sticks. He gave each servant a stick and said, “Go home and come back tomorrow. By the way, the ____4____ of the real thief is two inches longer than the others.” The next day, all of the servants came to the same ____5____. The officer asked them to ____6____ their sticks. After ____7____ each stick carefully the officer stopped at the last servant and said, “You are the ____8____.” Later, the ____9____ man asked, “How did you find it out, sir?”  “I gave them all sticks of the same length. But the real thief was afraid his stick would be ____10____, so he cut two inches off,” the officer said. 1. A. soldiers B. students C. servants D. drivers 2. A. Nobody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Everybody 3. A. caught up B. sat around C. came back D. turned around 4. A. table B. stick C. gun D. leaf 5. A. house B. classroom C. place D. pool 6. A. show B. get C. cut D. plant 7. A. looking for B. looking up C. looking into D. looking at 8. A. teacher B. officer C. thief D. man 9. A. poor B. rich C. tall D. thin 10. A. shorter B. bigger C. dirtier D. longer II.阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分） A People in the West name their family members in different ways I came to China many years ago, but I still have problems calling my Chinese husband’s relatives the right names. There are many differences in what we call our family members in China and the West. Remembering the right names Every time I visit my husband’s family in China, I feel nervous. His two aunties come and I can never remember their names. Are they “Xiao Gu” or “Er Gu” or something else?  In English-speaking countries, for aunts and uncles, we just add their names at the end, for example: “Aunt Jenny”, or just call them by their first name. However, something similar to Chinese happens in my family, too. My dad and cousin are both named Anthony. So, we call them “big Anthony” and “little Anthony”!  When in Rome do as the Romans do In China, it is a tradition to call your parents-in-law (配偶的父母) “Mom” and “Dad”. Though it made me feel a little uncomfortable, I took up this custom because my husband is Chinese. My husband started doing the same for my parents, but I told him to just call them by their first names. That’s what we do back in Australia. Then, my mom called me to ask why my husband stopped calling her “Mom”. I said it was because I told him to. “But I like him calling me ‘Mom’”, she said. My mom must be Chinese at heart! 11. How does the author feel when visiting her husband’s family in China? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confused. D. Uncomfortable 12. In English-speaking countries, how do people usually call their aunts and uncles? A. By their full names. B. By their titles only. C. By adding their names at the end. D. By calling them “big” or “little” plus their names. 13. Why did the author’s husband stop calling her mom “Mom”? A. Because he forgot her name. B. Because the author told him to. C. Because he prefers calling her by her first name. D. Because her mom doesn’t like being called “Mom”. 14. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. The author’s mom is Chinese. B. The author’s husband is uncomfortable calling her parents by their first names. C. In the author’s family, there is a tradition of calling parents-in-law “Mom” and “Dad”. D. The author’s mom prefers her son-in-law to call her “Mom”. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The differences in naming family members between China and the West. B. The author’s experience in learning Chinese. C. The author struggles to remember her husband’s relatives’ names. D. The customs of calling parents-in-law in China. B Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephant’s main lake dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation (情况) became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone and another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020,” said a member of MEP. Luckily the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants. 16. Why was MEP started? A. To raise more elephants in Mali. B. To stop the main lake from drying up. C. To discover water source for elephants. D. To protect the elephants’ living environment. 17. What does “this situation” in paragraph four refer to? A. fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016 B. the increase of poaching and illegal trade C all the Gourma elephants were killed D. eighty-three elephants were lost 18. Which of the following is TRUE? A. There are 400 Gourma Desert elephants in Mali, West Africa. B 134 elephants were killed and traded illegally from 2012 to 2016. C. Human activities also led to the decrease of the elephant population (数量). D. MEP was the only organization to fight against illegal trade of elephants. 19. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The number of organizations has dropped. B. The whole world lives peacefully with elephants. C. The local people keep the elephants at home. D. There is less elephant poaching now. 20. What is this passage mainly about? A. The introduction of Mali Elephant Project. B. The elephant poaching in West Africa. C. The rules of using land and water in Mali. D. The education of the local people in Mali. C How would you like to build a time machine? Paper, sticks, glue and string are all you need.Put them together to build a kite. A kite connects you to the past. No one knows who flew the first kite. It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia.Indonesia. Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish. Starting 2,000years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth. In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away. About 1,300 years ago, Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there.Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain. Over time, kites flew their way out of Asia.Today, kites are a passion all over the world. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun. Over the years,Kites have also helped people understand the natural world.In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do. Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane. Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air,people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate, relax and explore. So go fly a kite! Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries. 21. According to the passage in which countries were kites used to make good wishes? A. China and Japan. B. China and Thailand. C. Japan and Indonesia. D. Thailand and Indonesia. 22. According to the Chinese story, the army used kites to___________. A. make the enemies leave in fear B. celebrate victories during wartime C. stop the enemies from sleeping well D. carry soldiers to fight against the enemies 23. The underlined word “passion”in Paragraph 4 means__________. A. strong love B. useful machine C. happy dream D. common treasure 24. How does the writer develop Paragraph 5? A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers. C. By comparing facts. D. By giving examples. 25. What’s the purpose of this passage? A. To show people how to fly kites. B. To explain how kites are used in science. C. To introduce the roles of kites in history. D. To discuss the difference among kites worldwide. 第二节 补全信息。 阅读下面短文，并从文章后面A-F六个句子中选择五个还原到原文，使原文的意思连贯、完整，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Today computers are always used in our daily lives. But do you know who is the world’s first computer programmer? It’s Ada Lovelace. _____26_____ She showed an interest in Maths and Science from a young age. With her mother’s help, Lovelace made friends with big thinkers of the day. When she was 17, someone introduced the British inventor Charles Babbage to Lovelace. _____27_____ In 1843, Lovelace wrote an article about computer science. She wrote about how the computer worked, and the article included a formula (公式) for calculating an important number. _____28_____ Lovelace also imagined the modern-day computer. She wrote that the computer could not only calculate numbers, but also create music and art. _____29_____ And computers would take the place of some human workers. Now there is a festival to remember Lovelace every year. _____30_____ More and more people know about Lovelace’s stories. People use them to encourage young girls to do well in science subjects. There is no reason why girls can’t become successful scientists. Just remember the world’s first computer programmer is a woman! A. Lovelace was born into a rich family in 1815. B. People took the formula as the first computer program. C. Many young people want to work as a computer engineer. D. Lovelace Day is held on the second Tuesday of every October. E. She thought computers could do jobs better than humans in the future. F. In the following 20 years, the two kept writing to each other to discuss Maths and Science. 第三节 信息匹配。 下面的材料A~F分别是六本杂志的内容简介。请根据五名同学的喜好选择合适的杂志。 ____31____ Sue enjoys modern fashion and makes her own clothes in her free time. ____32____ Peter really loves finding out about the latest technology, fast cars and music. ____33____ Interested in the environment, Karen wants to do something to protect the earth. ____34____ Hoping to join a theatre group, Jessica wants to find people who are interested in the same thing. ____35____ Sonia’s favorite way to spend time is going to the mountains and hillwalking whatever the weather is like. A. Go do it!—Do you have big ideas of protecting the planet? Do you want to stop climate change? lt is a perfect thing for you. B. Human touch—We have everything from knitting and sewing patterns to our letter page. Here you can find any modern pattern for the clothes. C. Out doors—A great new magazine for everyone who likes to get out and be active, rain or shine. There are lots of ideas and advice on camping and hillwalking. D. Planet A—A magazine for those who love to see rain and clouds in nature. This magazine gives you information to help you plan your adventures in the wild. E. Top act—A magazine for young fans of the theatre, We let you know what’s on near you. You can also find a youth theatre club near you on your local contact page. F. The latest—Each week, we have a different focus on the latest technologies in the world from science to music. If something new is happening, you’ll know about it first! 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共35分） III. 课文填空。 阅读下面的句子，根据括号里的汉语提示，填入相应短语的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 36. Da Vinci ________ _________ _________ the countryside. (出生在) 37. Some dinosaurs were _________ _________ _________ chickens. (和……一样小) 38. Many people visited his fruit shop and _________ _________ _________ the Big Banana. (给……拍照片) 39. I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, four for the third, and then double the amount for each of _________ _________ _________ the squares. (剩余的) 40. They often put the tokens on pieces of string _________ _________ they could carry them around easily. (以便) 41. Some computers are tiny. You may _________ _________ _________ them. (没有意识到) 42. I hope we can all work together to _________ _________ _________ spending too much time playing computer games. (阻止学生) 43. They help people _________ _________ _________ _________. (过更好的生活) 44. Today _________ _________ people across the world own mobile phones. (数以百万计的) 45. _________ _________, computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships. (除此之外) IV.语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put it in the bathroom. ____46____ it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess ____47____ it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history? According to some research, before toothbrushes ____48____ (appear), the ancient Chinese people cleaned their teeth with some small tree branches. About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brush with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the world’s ____49____ (early) form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of (代替) pig hair ____50____ pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to ancient times and brush your teeth ____51____ (comfortable). It ____52____ (sound) fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found ____53____ (it) way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The ____54____ (invent) of toothbrushes was not well-known, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good habit of ____55____ (brush) teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. V. 书面表达(15分) 56. 学校正在举行科技节，恰逢一支外国代表团来校观摩。假如你是李华，你参加了科技节中的发明比赛，并且获得一等奖。请你代表参赛学生向代表团做一个关于此次参赛经历和收获的演讲。 内容提示： 1. 你的参赛作品介绍：(1) 名称；(2)功能；(3) ……； 2. 发明该作品的原因； 3. 参加这次比赛的意义。 写作要求： 1. 结构完整，要点齐全，可适当发挥； 2. 表达通顺，语言规范，书写清晰； 3. 文中不能出现任何真实的人名、校名等信息； 4. 词数80左右。文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：科技节Science and Technology Festival 发明比赛 Invention Competition Dear Sir/Madam, Good morning, everybody! You can’t imagine how overjoyed I am after hearing that I got a prize in “Invention Competition”. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $