内容正文:
Unit 4 核心单词用法表
单词
常见搭配
考点提示
经典例句
sun /sʌn/(n. 太阳;阳光)
the sun(太阳)、sun shine(阳光)、in the sun(在阳光下)
世界独一无二事物前加the;sunny(形容词,阳光充足的)由sun加后缀-y构成
The sun is bright today. / It's a sunny morning.
spring /sprɪŋ/(n. 春天;春季)
in spring(在春天)、spring flowers(春花)、Spring Festival(春节)
季节类名词首字母小写,前用介词in;Spring Festival为专属节日,首字母大写
I like spring best because of the beautiful flowers.
summer /ˈsʌmə(r)/(n. 夏天;夏季)
in summer(在夏天)、summer vacation(暑假)、go swimming in summer(夏天游泳)
季节类名词前用介词in;summer holiday与summer vacation同义
We go swimming every weekend in summer.
autumn /ˈɔːtəm/(n. 秋天;秋季)
in autumn(在秋天)、autumn leaves(秋叶)、cool autumn(凉爽的秋天)
英式英语用autumn,美式常用fall;前用介词in
Leaves turn yellow in autumn.
winter /ˈwɪntə(r)/(n. 冬天;冬季)
in winter(在冬天)、play in the snow(在雪中玩)、winter holiday(寒假)
季节类名词前用介词in;winter为不可数名词,表具体冬天可加a(a cold winter)
It's cold in winter in Harbin.
hot /hɒt/; /hɑːt/(adj. 温度高的;热的)
hot water(热水)、a hot day(炎热的一天)、hot food(辛辣食物)
反义词为cold;比较级hotter、最高级hottest(重读闭音节双写尾字母)
The soup is too hot to drink.
cool /kuːl/(adj. 凉的;凉爽的;酷的)
a cool wind(凉风)、cool clothes(酷的衣服)、cool weather(凉爽的天气)
反义词为warm;可形容人/事物“酷的”,高频口语词汇
It's cool in autumn. / He looks cool in that jacket.
cold /kəʊld/(adj. 寒冷的;n. 感冒)
cold weather(寒冷的天气)、have a bad cold(重感冒)、feel cold(觉得冷)
作形容词反义词为hot;have a cold为固定搭配表“感冒”
It's cold outside, put on your coat. / I had a cold last week.
warm /wɔːm/; /wɔːrm/(adj. 温暖的;v. 变暖和)
warm sunshine(温暖的阳光)、warm clothes(暖和的衣服)、warm up(热身)
反义词为cool;warm up为拓展短语,表“运动前热身”
The room is warm and comfortable.
snow /snəʊ/(v. 下雪;n. 雪)
snow heavily(下大雪)、a lot of snow(很多雪)、white snow(白雪)
作名词为不可数名词;snowy(形容词,下雪的)为派生词
It snows a lot in winter in Beijing. / Today is a snowy day.
snowman /ˈsnəʊmæn/(n. 雪人,复数snowmen /ˈsnəʊmen/)
make a snowman(堆雪人)、a big snowman(大雪人)、play with snowmen(玩雪人)
复数为snowmen(不规则变化);make a snowman为核心搭配
We make a snowman in the park every winter.
sunny /ˈsʌni/(adj. 阳光充足的)
a sunny day(晴天)、sunny afternoon(阳光充足的下午)、sunny weather(晴朗天气)
由sun加后缀-y构成;用于描述天气,反义词为cloudy/rainy
Today is a sunny day, let's go out.
today /təˈdeɪ/(adv. 在今天;n. 今天;当今)
today's news(今日新闻)、at school today(今天在学校)、today's class(今天的课)
作副词时前面不加介词;作名词时可接on(on today为特殊用法,初一少用)
I have a math test today. / Today's news is interesting.
picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/(n./v. 野餐)
have a picnic(去野餐)、go on a picnic(去野餐)、picnic in the park(在公园野餐)
作名词/动词均可;have a picnic与go on a picnic同义
We have a picnic on Sunday with our family.
weather /ˈweðə(r)/(n. 天气)
good weather(好天气)、bad weather(坏天气)、fine weather(晴朗天气)
不可数名词,不能用a/an修饰;询问天气用“What's the weather like?”
What's the weather like in your city today?
season /ˈsiːzn/(n. 季;季节)
four seasons(四季)、a beautiful season(美丽的季节)、favourite season(最喜欢的季节)
可数名词,复数为seasons;一年四季表达为four seasons in a year
There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter.
why /waɪ/(adv. 为什么)
why not go(为什么不去)、ask why(问原因)、why do you...(你为什么……)
用于特殊疑问句,回答用because;Why not+动词原形表建议
Why do you like winter? / Why not go for a picnic?
rain /reɪn/(n. 雨;雨水;v. 下雨)
rain hard(下大雨)、a lot of rain(很多雨)、light rain(小雨)
作名词为不可数名词;rainy(形容词,下雨的)为派生词
It rains a lot in spring in the south. / It's a rainy day.
dry /draɪ/(adj. 干燥的;干旱的)
dry weather(干燥的天气)、dry clothes(干衣服)、dry air(干燥的空气)
反义词为wet;比较级drier、最高级driest(以y结尾变i加er/est)
The desert is very dry. / The clothes will get dry in the sun.
badminton /ˈbædmɪntən/(n. 羽毛球运动)
play badminton(打羽毛球)、play badminton with friends(和朋友打羽毛球)、a badminton racket(羽毛球拍)
球类运动前不加冠词;不可数名词,表“羽毛球”用a badminton
I play badminton every weekend.
baseball /ˈbeɪsbɔːl/(n. 棒球运动;棒球)
play baseball(打棒球)、a baseball bat(棒球拍)、a baseball game(棒球比赛)
球类运动前不加冠词;表“棒球”时为可数名词
He likes playing baseball with his classmates.
phone /fəʊn/(n. 电话系统;手机;v. 打电话)
a mobile phone(手机)、answer the phone(接电话)、phone my mother(给妈妈打电话)
作动词时phone sb. = call sb.;mobile phone也可简写为phone(口语)
I have a new mobile phone. / I'll phone you this evening.
shoe /ʃuː/(n. 鞋)
a pair of shoes(一双鞋)、sports shoes(运动鞋)、new shoes(新鞋)
常用复数形式shoes;a pair of+复数名词表“一双/一副”
I buy a new pair of sports shoes.
sorry /ˈsɒri/; /ˈsɔːri/(excl. 很抱歉;adj. 歉疚;难过)
sorry for being late(为迟到道歉)、feel sorry(感到难过)、I'm sorry(对不起)
sorry for sth./doing sth.表“为某事道歉”;可用于道歉或表达遗憾
I'm sorry I'm late for class. / I feel sorry for him.
homework /ˈhəʊmwɜːk/(n. 家庭作业)
do homework(做作业)、a lot of homework(很多作业)、finish homework(完成作业)
不可数名词,不能用a/an修饰;do homework为固定搭配,不加the
I do my homework every evening.
hope /həʊp/(v./n. 希望)
hope to do sth.(希望做某事)、hope for the best(抱最好的希望)、a hope(一个希望)
后接不定式或宾语从句,不接双宾语(不能说hope sb. to do)
I hope to visit Beijing next year.
yo-yo /ˈjəʊ jəʊ/(n. 悠悠球)
a yo-yo toy(悠悠球玩具)、play with a yo-yo(玩悠悠球)
可数名词,复数为yo-yos;play with+物品表“玩某物”
He has a new yo-yo and plays with it every day.
long /lɒŋ/; /lɔːŋ/(adj. 长的;adv. 长期地;v. 渴望)
a long river(长河)、long time(长时间)、long for sth.(渴望某物)
反义词为short;long for sth.为拓展短语
The Great Wall is very long. / I haven't seen her for a long time.
cloudy /ˈklaʊdi/(adj. 阴天的;多云的)
a cloudy day(阴天)、cloudy sky(多云的天空)
由cloud加后缀-y构成;用于描述天气,反义词为sunny
It's cloudy today, we can't go to the beach.
outdoors /ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/(adv. 在户外;在野外)
play outdoors(在户外玩)、exercise outdoors(在户外锻炼)、work outdoors(在户外工作)
反义词为indoors;作副词,前面不加介词
We play games outdoors after school.
rainy /ˈreɪni/(adj. 阴雨的;多雨的)
a rainy day(下雨天)、rainy season(雨季)、rainy weather(多雨的天气)
由rain加后缀-y构成;a rainy day为高频表达
We stay at home on rainy days.
indoors /ˌɪnˈdɔːz/(adv. 在室内)
stay indoors(待在室内)、read indoors(在室内读书)、work indoors(在室内工作)
反义词为outdoors;前面不加介词
We stay indoors when it rains.
exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz/(n. 锻炼;练习;v. 锻炼)
do morning exercise(做早操)、math exercises(数学练习)、do exercise(锻炼)
作“锻炼”讲不可数;作“练习”讲可数;do exercise表“锻炼”
I do exercise every morning. / We have three math exercises today.
health /helθ/(n. 健康)
good health(身体健康)、keep healthy(保持健康)、be good for health(对健康有益)
不可数名词;healthy(形容词,健康的)为派生词,注意keep后接形容词(不能说keep health)
Good food is good for our health. / We should keep healthy.
tip /tɪp/(n. 实用的提示;小费;尖端)
a tip for learning English(学英语的小贴士)、give a tip(给小费)、tips(复数,多条提示)
可数名词,复数为tips;a tip for sth.表“某事的小贴士”
Here is a tip for you: read English every morning.
right /raɪt/(adj. 适当的;正确的;n. 右边;权利)
on the right(在右边)、right answer(正确答案)、all right(好的)、That's right(没错)
反义词为wrong(错误的)/left(左边的);all right可表同意或安慰
You are right. / Turn right at the next corner.
clothes /kləʊðz/(n. 衣服;服装)
new clothes(新衣服)、wash clothes(洗衣服)、a piece of clothes(一件衣服)
复数名词,不能用a/an修饰;无单数形式
I buy new clothes for the Spring Festival.
important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/(adj. 重要的)
important thing(重要的事)、important lesson(重要的课)、It's important to do sth.(做某事很重要)
反义词为unimportant;It's important to do sth.为核心句型
It's important to learn English well.
before /bɪˈfɔː(r)/(prep./conj. 在……以前)
before class(上课前)、before 7 a.m.(早上7点前)、before I go to bed(我睡觉前)
before+时间点/句子表“在……之前”;可用于句首或句末
I finish my homework before dinner.
team /tiːm/(n. 队;组)
basketball team(篮球队)、in the team(在队里)、a football team(足球队)
可数名词,复数为teams;in the team表“是团队一员”
He is in the school basketball team.
give /ɡɪv/(v. 提供;送给;给)
give sb. sth.(给某人某物)、give sth. to sb.(把某物给某人)、give a gift(送礼物)
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.;过去式gave(不规则变化)
I give a pen to my friend. / She gives me a book.
keep /kiːp/(v. 继续;保持;存放)
keep healthy(保持健康)、keep quiet(保持安静)、keep doing sth.(一直做某事)
keep doing sth.表“持续做某事”;keep+形容词表“保持某种状态”
Keep quiet in the library. / She keeps reading for an hour.
pass /pɑːs/; /pæs/(v. 传球;及格;通过;n. 及格)
pass the ball(传球)、pass the test(通过考试)、pass sb. sth.(递给某人某物)
pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.;pass the exam与pass the test同义
I pass the English exam. / Please pass me the book.
win /wɪn/(v. 获胜;赢)
win the game(赢得比赛)、win the match(赢得竞赛)、win a prize(获奖)
宾语为比赛/奖项,不能是人(打败某人用beat sb.);过去式won(不规则变化)
Our team wins the basketball game.
wish /wɪʃ/(n. 心愿;祝愿;v. 希望;祝愿)
best wishes(最美好的祝愿)、wish you happy(祝你快乐)、wish to do sth.(希望做某事)
wish sb. sth.表“祝愿某人某事”;wish to do sth.为常用搭配
I wish you a happy new year. / I wish to travel around the world.
feel /fiːl/(v. 觉得;感到;摸起来)
feel happy(感到开心)、feel cold(觉得冷)、feel tired(感到累)
感官动词,后接形容词作表语;过去式felt(不规则变化)
I feel tired after a long walk. / The cloth feels soft.
star /stɑː(r)/(n. 明星;星)
movie star(电影明星)、star in the sky(天上的星星)、pop star(流行明星)
可数名词,复数为stars;可指“明星”或“星星”
She is a famous pop star. / There are many stars at night.
use /juːz/(v. 使用)
use a pen(用钢笔)、use the computer(用电脑)、use sth. to do sth.(用某物做某事)
useful(形容词,有用的)为派生词;use sth. to do sth.为核心句型
I use a ruler to draw a straight line.
grape /ɡreɪp/(n. 葡萄)
green grapes(青葡萄)、eat grapes(吃葡萄)、a bunch of grapes(一串葡萄)
可数名词,复数为grapes;a bunch of grapes为固定搭配
I like eating sweet grapes.
fast /fɑːst/; /fæst/(adv. 快;adj. 快的)
run fast(跑得快)、a fast car(快车)、fast food(快餐)
可作形容词和副词,无需变形;与quick/quickly辨析(fast强调速度,quick强调动作)
He runs fast in the race. / This is a fast train.
feed /fiːd/(v. 喂养;进食)
feed the dog(喂狗)、feed on grass(以草为食)、feed sb.(喂某人)
过去式fed(不规则变化);feed sth. to sb. = feed sb. sth.
I feed the cat every morning. / The cows feed on grass.
bird /bɜːd/; /bɜːrd/(n. 鸟;禽)
a beautiful bird(美丽的鸟)、bird in the tree(树上的鸟)、little bird(小鸟)
可数名词,复数为birds;“树上的鸟”用in the tree(外来物)
There is a little bird on the branch.
red /red/(adj. 红色的;n. 红色)
a red apple(红苹果)、red colour(红色)、the Red Sea(红海)
颜色类词汇可作形容词或名词;专有名词the Red Sea首字母大写
The flower is bright red. / Red is my favourite colour.
lake /leɪk/(n. 湖;湖泊)
a big lake(大湖)、swim in the lake(在湖里游泳)、lake water(湖水)
可数名词,复数为lakes;in the lake表“在湖里”
There is a beautiful lake in the park.
Tai Chi /ˌtaɪ ˈtʃiː/(n. 太极)
do Tai Chi(打太极)、learn Tai Chi(学太极)、practice Tai Chi(练太极)
专有名词,首字母大写;do Tai Chi为固定搭配,不加the
My grandpa does Tai Chi every morning.
when /wen/(adv. 何时;conj. 当……时)
when to go(何时出发)、When do you get up?(你何时起床?)、when I was young(我小时候)
用于特殊疑问句询问时间;引导时间状语从句(初一接触简单句)
When do you go to school every day?
ski /skiː/(v. 滑雪)
go skiing(去滑雪)、ski in winter(冬天滑雪)、ski on the snow(在雪上滑雪)
go skiing为固定搭配;ski的现在分词为skiing
We go skiing in the mountains every winter.
hometown /ˈhəʊmtaʊn/(n. 家乡;故乡)
love my hometown(爱我的家乡)、in my hometown(在我的家乡)、hometown food(家乡美食)
可数名词,复数为hometowns;my hometown为高频表达
My hometown is a small town with many trees.
travel /ˈtrævl/(v./n. 旅行;游历)
travel around the world(环游世界)、travel to Beijing(去北京旅行)、a travel plan(旅行计划)
作动词时travel to+地点;traveller(名词,旅行者)为派生词
I want to travel to Shanghai next month.
mountain /ˈmaʊntən/(n. 高山;山岳)
a high mountain(高山)、climb the mountain(爬山)、mountain climbing(登山运动)
可数名词,复数为mountains;climb the mountain为固定搭配
We climb the mountain on weekends.
turn /tɜːn/; /tɜːrn/(v. 转弯;n. 转弯;机会)
turn right/left(右转/左转)、turn on the light(开灯)、It's my turn(轮到我了)
turn+方向表“转弯”;It's one's turn to do sth.表“轮到某人做某事”
Turn left at the traffic lights. / It's my turn to sing.
move /muːv/(v. 移动;搬(家))
move the desk(移动书桌)、move to Beijing(搬到北京)、move away(搬走)
move to+地点表“搬到某地”;move away为拓展短语
We move to a new house next week.
survey /ˈsɜːveɪ/(n. 民意调查)
a survey about weather(关于天气的调查)、do a survey(做调查)、survey results(调查结果)
可数名词,复数为surveys;do a survey为固定搭配
We do a survey about favourite seasons in our class.
week /wiːk/(n. 周;一周)
every week(每周)、next week(下周)、a week ago(一周前)
可数名词,复数为weeks;a week ago表过去时间
I go to the library every week.
hour /ˈaʊə(r)/(n. 小时)
an hour(一小时)、two hours(两小时)、an hour's walk(一小时的步行路程)
可数名词,复数为hours;h不发音,以元音音素开头,前面用an
It takes me an hour to get to school.
result /rɪˈzʌlt/(n. 结果;后果)
good result(好结果)、the result of the test(考试结果)、final result(最终结果)
可数名词,复数为results;the result of+名词表“……的结果”
The result of the game makes us happy.
cap /kæp/(n. 便帽;制服帽)
a red cap(红帽子)、wear a cap(戴帽子)、a baseball cap(棒球帽)
与hat辨析(cap有帽檐无帽顶,hat多为宽边帽)
He wears a baseball cap when playing sports.
pair /peə(r)/; /per/(n. 一双;一对)
a pair of socks(一双袜子)、a pair of glasses(一副眼镜)、a pair of shoes(一双鞋)
a pair of+复数名词表“一双/一对”;pair的复数为pairs
I need a new pair of glasses.
shorts /ʃɔːts/; /ʃɔːrts/(n. 短裤)
sports shorts(运动短裤)、a pair of shorts(一条短裤)、blue shorts(蓝色短裤)
复数名词,不能用a/an修饰;必须与a pair of搭配表“一条”
He wears a pair of black shorts today.
zoo /zuː/(n. 动物园)
go to the zoo(去动物园)、a big zoo(大动物园)、visit the zoo(参观动物园)
可数名词,复数为zoos;go to the zoo为固定搭配,加the
We go to the zoo to see pandas on Saturday.
wind /wɪnd/(n. 风)
strong wind(大风)、light wind(微风)、windy day(有风的日子)
不可数名词;windy(形容词,有风的)为派生词
There is a strong wind today. / It's windy.
leg /leɡ/(n. 腿)
long legs(长腿)、hurt one's leg(伤到腿)、on one's legs(站着)
可数名词,复数为legs;on one's legs为拓展短语
The dog has four short legs.
race /reɪs/(n. 赛跑;速度竞赛)
a running race(跑步比赛)、a car race(汽车比赛)、win the race(赢得比赛)
可数名词,复数为races;running race为“跑步比赛”
He wins the 100-meter running race.
side /saɪd/(n. 一边;一侧)
on the left side(在左边)、side of the road(路边)、both sides(两边)
on the side of+名词表“在……的一边”;both sides表“两边”
There are trees on both sides of the street.
even /ˈiːvn/(adv. 甚至;连;更加)
even better(更好)、even late(甚至更晚)、even know(甚至知道)
用于加强语气,位于实义动词前、be动词后
I even don't know his name. / This book is even more interesting.
write /raɪt/(v. 书写;写作;写信)
write a letter(写信)、write a story(写故事)、write to sb.(给某人写信)
过去式wrote、过去分词written(不规则变化);write to sb.为固定搭配
I write a letter to my pen pal every month.
down /daʊn/(adv. 向下;prep. 沿着)
sit down(坐下)、write down(写下)、walk down the street(沿着街道走)
sit down为高频短语;walk down+道路表“沿着……走”
Sit down, please. / Write down your name on the paper.
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