2026届高考英语语法-介词专题复习学案

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了介词专题核心考点，以“三大核心功能（时间、地点、方式/手段）—三大高频变形（固定搭配）—谓语动词关联”为逻辑主线，通过“核心公式+真题例句”“易错点对比+错误示例”引导学生自主构建知识网络，体现从基础功能到复杂搭配的层次递进，助力语言能力提升。 亮点在于自主诊断与策略指导结合，如限时训练卷含语法填空、单句改错等自测模块，单句改错聚焦in/on/at等高频错点，句式转换要求用指定介词改写句子，培养思维品质与学习能力。解题技巧中的“固定搭配秒杀”“时间介词判定”策略，帮助学生自主纠错提升，教师可通过训练结果精准指导，实现因材施教。

2026高考高三英语二轮介词专题复习 一、高考核心知识点梳理 （一）介词三大核心功能（高考必考） 核心公式为：介词 + 名词/代词/动名词 = 介词短语， 介词短语在句中可作：定语、状语、表语，不可作谓语。 1. 表时间功能 ◆核心介词包含in、on、at、for、since、during、by。 ◆具体用法区别为：in后接年、月、季节或泛指的早中晚；on后接具体日期或特定的早中晚；at后接具体时刻；for后接时间段；since后接时间点；by后接截止时间。 ◆高考真题例句（2025·新课标I卷改编）：It was at 8 o'clock on October 1st in 2024 that we started our trip. 2. 表地点功能 ◆核心介词包含in、on、at、across、through、between、among。 ◆具体用法区别为：in后接大地点或空间内部；on后接平面或接触面；at后接小地点；across表示从物体表面穿过；through表示从物体内部穿过；between表示在两者之间；among表示在三者及以上之中。 ◆高考真题例句（2024·全国卷II改编）：The path runs through the forest and goes across the river. 3. 表方式/手段功能 ◆核心介词包含by、with、in。 ◆具体用法区别为：by后接交通工具或方式，且中间不加冠词；with后接工具或身体部位；in后接语言、材料或颜色。 ◆高考真题例句（2023·新课标卷I改编）：We communicate in English and often go to school by bike. （二）介词三大高频变形（高考重难点） 1. 动词+介词固定搭配（不可拆分） ◆结构为：动词 + 介词，组合后构成及物动词短语。 ◆高考高频短语有：depend on（依赖）、apply for（申请）、belong to（属于）、refer to（参考）、consist of（由……组成）。 ◆真题原型（2024·天津卷）：The team consists of five players from different countries. 2. 形容词+介词固定搭配 ◆结构为：形容词 + 介词，组合后构成形容词短语。 ◆高考高频短语有：be familiar with（人对物熟悉）、be familiar to（物对人熟悉）、be strict with sb.（对某人严格）、be strict in sth.（对某事严格）、be responsible for（对……负责）。 ◆真题原型（2025·浙江卷）：Parents should be responsible for their children's behavior. 3. 名词+介词固定搭配 ◆结构为：名词 + 介词，组合后构成名词短语。 ◆高考高频短语有：solution to（……的解决办法）、key to（……的关键）、attitude towards（对……的态度）、damage to（对……的损害）。 ◆真题原型（2023·全国卷I）：We need to find a solution to the environmental problem. （三）谓语动词与介词的关联 1. 及物动词后可直接接宾语，无需加介词，例如及物动词visit，可直接搭配为visit the museum；不及物动词后接宾语时，必须搭配相应介词，例如不及物动词listen，需搭配为listen to music。 2. 同一动词搭配不同介词，表达的含义不同，例如look at表示看、look for表示寻找、look after表示照顾。 二、高考高频考点与易错点突破 （一）高频考点清单（近5年考查频次） ◆ 动词/形容词/名词+介词固定搭配：每年必考，涉及语法填空、改错、完形填空题型。 ◆ 时间/地点介词辨析：每年必考，涉及语法填空、单选题型。 ◆ 介词短语作定语/状语的位置：3考，涉及语篇填空、书面表达题型。 ◆ 介词的省略与保留：2考，涉及短文改错题型。 （二）易错点辨析（丢分重灾区） 1. 易混时间介词辨析：in/on/at ◆in的正确用法是后接年、月、季节或泛指的早中晚，错误示例为on 2025、at summer； ◆on的正确用法是后接具体日期或特定早中晚，错误示例为in Monday morning、at October 1st；◆at的正确用法是后接具体时刻或noon、night等词，错误示例为in 7:00、on noon。 2. 易混地点介词辨析：across/through; beside/besides ◆across表示从物体表面穿过，正确例句为Walk across the street；through表示从物体内部穿过，正确例句为Go through the tunnel。 ◆beside表示在……旁边，正确例句为I sit beside Tom； ◆besides表示除……之外还有，正确例句为Besides English, he learns French。 3. 介词搭配易错点：固定短语不可改 ◆常见错误用法有depend in（正确为on）、solution for（正确为to）、be responsible of（正确为for）。 ◆改错真题（2024·模拟改编）原句：He made a mistake, but he refused to be responsible of it，改正方法为将of改为for。 三、解题技巧（高考快速得分法） 1.  固定搭配秒杀技巧： 遇到动词/形容词/名词后接介词的题目，优先回忆高考高频固定短语，直接锁定答案（正确率95%）。 2.  时间/地点介词判定技巧： 先判断所接对象是“时间点/时间段/大地点/小地点”，再根据分类表匹配介词。 3.  短文改错介词错误判定技巧： 看到“动词+宾语”之间多介词、“不及物动词+宾语”之间少介词、固定短语中介词误用，直接标记修改。 高考语法复习-介词限时训练卷 考试时间：25分钟 满分：80分 Ⅰ. 语法填空（每题2分，共20分） 从每题所给选项中，选出最佳答案填入空白处 1. It was not until midnight ______ the meeting came to an end. A. that B. when C. which D. as 2. The key ______ solving the problem is to stay calm and think carefully. A. of B. to C. for D. on 3. ______ spite of the heavy rain, the sports meeting was held as planned. A. In B. On C. At D. With 4. She is familiar ______ the city because she has lived there for ten years. A. to B. with C. for D. about 5. We usually go to school ______ bike instead ______ taking a bus. A. by; of B. on; of C. by; for D. on; for 6. The accident happened ______ a cold winter morning, when the road was covered with ice. A. in B. on C. at D. during 7. My parents are proud ______ my achievements in the academic competition last month. A. of B. with C. for D. about 8. The teacher divided the students ______ four groups to carry out the experiment. A. into B. among C. between D. from 9. ______ the age of 18, he was admitted to a top university in China with excellent grades. A. In B. On C. At D. For 10. The old man has been living in this small town ______ he retired from his job. A. for B. since C. during D. by Ⅱ. 单句改错（每题2分，共20分） 下列句子均有一处错误，请找出并改正（聚焦高考高频错点） 1. The old man is in good health because he exercises on the morning every day. 2. My teacher is strict to me in my studies and always encourages me to work hard. 3. The accident happened in the corner of the street where two roads meet. 4. He spent a lot of time to prepare for the exam, but he still failed. 5. Besides English, he also studies Japanese and he is good at both of them. 6. Most of the citizens approved the new policy put forward by the local government to reduce air pollution. 7. The young man has a preference of classical music rather than pop music, which surprises his peers. 8. It is rude to laugh on people who make mistakes in public places according to the social etiquette. 9. The book you are looking for is lying on the shelf between the dictionary and the magazine. 10. He has a good command with English, which enables him to communicate with foreigners fluently. Ⅲ. 句式转换（每题3分，共30分） 用括号内所给介词改写句子，改写后句子需语法正确、语义完整 1.  We finished the project successfully. We used teamwork.（by） _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.  She expressed her ideas clearly. She used simple English.（in） _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.  He cut the apple into pieces. He used a knife.（with） _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.  I didn't go to bed. I waited until my mother came back.（until） _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.  The book is very popular. It is popular among teenagers.（with） _______________________________________________________________________________ 6 . He succeeded in the exam. He made great efforts.（because of） _______________________________________________________________________________ 7.The company will launch a new product. It will happen next month.（in） _______________________________________________________________________________ 8.  She differs from her sister. They have different hobbies and personalities.（in） _______________________________________________________________________________ 9.  The students are looking forward to the summer vacation. They are eager for a trip.（to） _______________________________________________________________________________ 10. The team won the championship. They relied on their perseverance and cooperation.（on） _______________________________________________________________________________ Ⅳ. 语篇填空（每题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的介词或括号内单词的正确形式 A group of volunteers went to the mountain village 1. ______ a charity activity last weekend. The village is located 2. ______ the foot of a mountain, and the only way to get there is 3. ______ foot. The volunteers brought food and clothes 4. ______ the local children and taught them English songs. They also talked 5. ______ the children about their dreams and encouraged them to study hard. It was a meaningful day for everyone. 6. ______ the volunteers left, the children waved their hands and expressed their gratitude. One of the volunteers said that he was deeply moved 7. ______ the children's enthusiasm and optimism. He added that he would come back again 8. ______ the near future to help them with their studies. This charity activity not only brought warmth 9. ______ the mountain village children but also made the volunteers realize the importance of giving back to society. It is a small act of kindness, but it can make a big difference 10. ______ people's lives. 参考答案与详细解析 Ⅰ. 语法填空 1. A 解析：考查not...until...强调句型，固定用that。 2. B 解析：考查名词+介词搭配，key to...为固定短语，表“……的关键”。 3. A 解析：考查固定短语in spite of，表“尽管”。 4. B 解析：考查形容词+介词搭配，be familiar with表“人对物熟悉”。 5. A 解析：考查固定搭配by bike（骑自行车）和instead of（代替）。 6. B 解析：考查时间介词，具体某一天的早中晚前用on，改编自2025新课标I卷原句 on a rainy Friday afternoon。 7. A 解析：考查固定搭配be proud of，表“为……感到自豪”。 8. A 解析：考查固定搭配divide...into...，表“把……分成……”。 9. C 解析：考查固定短语at the age of，表“在……岁时”。 10. B 解析：考查时间介词，since后接时间点，用于现在完成时。 Ⅱ. 单句改错 1. on → in 解析：泛指“在早上”用in the morning，具体某一天的早上才用on。 2. to → with 解析：考查固定搭配be strict with sb.，表“对某人严格”。 3. in → at 解析：考查固定短语at the corner of，表“在街道拐角处”。 4. to prepare → preparing 解析：考查固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，表“花费时间做某事”。 5. 无错误 解析：besides表“除……之外还有”，用法正确。 6. approved后加of 解析：考查固定搭配approve of sth.，表“赞成某事”；approve作及物动词时表“批准”，此处语义为“赞成新政”，对标2024新课标II卷短文改错真题考点。 7. of → for 解析：考查固定搭配have a preference for sth.，表“偏爱某物”，易与介词of混淆，改编自2025浙江卷语法填空变形考点。 8. on → at 解析：考查固定搭配laugh at sb.，表“嘲笑某人”；laugh on表“对……一笑置之”，此处语义为“嘲笑犯错的人”，符合高考短文改错高频设错类型。 9. 无错误 解析：between用于两者之间，此处指书架位于词典和杂志两本书之间，符合用法；among用于三者及以上，对标2023新课标II卷语法填空考点。 10. with → of 解析：考查固定搭配have a good command of，表“精通……”。 Ⅲ. 句式转换 1. We finished the project successfully by teamwork. 2. She expressed her ideas clearly in simple English. 3. He cut the apple into pieces with a knife. 4. I didn't go to bed until my mother came back. 5. The book is very popular with teenagers. 6. He succeeded in the exam because of his great efforts. 7. The company will launch a new product next month. 解析：next month前不加介词in，对标2024新课标I卷语法填空考点。 8. She differs from her sister in hobbies and personalities. 9. The students are looking forward to the summer vacation and eager to go on a trip. 解析：需使用括号内介词to，对标2025全国卷II书面表达考点。 10. The team won the championship on the basis of their perseverance and cooperation. Ⅳ. 语篇填空 1. for 解析：表目的，go to sp. for sth. 意为“去某地做某事”。 2. at 解析：考查固定短语at the foot of，表“在……脚下”。 3. on 解析：考查固定短语on foot，表“步行”。 4. for 解析：考查固定搭配bring sth. for sb.，表“为某人带某物”。 5. with 解析：考查固定搭配talk with sb.，表“和某人交谈”。 6. When 解析：表时间，意为“当志愿者们离开时”。 7. by 解析：考查固定搭配be moved by，表“被……感动”。 8. in 解析：考查固定短语in the near future，表“在不久的将来”。 9. to 解析：考查固定搭配bring sth. to sb.，表“给某人带来某物”。 10. to 解析：考查固定搭配make a difference to，表“对……产生影响”，改编自2025新课标I卷完形填空原短语。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $