期末 Units 1～8 Grammar复习讲义 2025-2026学年译林版（2012）英语九年级上册

该初中英语复习讲义通过表格对比、例句解析及易错点标注系统构建了1-8单元核心语法知识体系，将并列连词、宾语从句、状语从句等核心语法点按“含义-分类-用法-规则”逻辑梳理，并用对比表格呈现易混淆点（如that/if/whether引导宾语从句的差异），清晰展现语法知识脉络与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“分层练习+方法指导”设计，单选、句型转换等题型覆盖不同语法应用场景，如宾语从句语序题（“Do you know ______ the meeting will start”）强化语言能力，改错练习（如“Because he is busy, so he can’t come”）培养思维品质。每个语法点附“关键规则”与“易错点提醒”，基础学生可掌握结构，优秀学生能灵活运用，助力教师实施精准教学与学生自主复习。

课 题 9A 1-8 单元语法总复习讲义 教学目标 1. 掌握 1-8 单元核心语法点的基本结构、含义及用法； 2. 学会区分易混淆语法点，熟练运用语法知识解决单选、句型转换、写作等题型； 3. 突破语法易错点，提升语言表达的准确性和规范性。 重难点透视 1. 各单元核心语法点的结构与基础运用； 2. 易混淆语法点辨析（如不同从句引导词、状语从句类型）、语法在语境中的灵活运用。 知识点剖析 序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况 1 U1-8核心语法知识点 85 min 2 针对性练习巩固 35 min 教 学 内 容 核心语法知识点详解 · Unit 1：并列连词及并列连词短语 1. 连词含义：用于连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子，表达并列、转折、选择、因果等逻辑关系。 2. 分类及用法： 类型 常见词汇/短语 含义 例句 并列关系 and,both...and... 和、既....又.... He likes reading and writing.（他喜欢阅读和写作。） Both you and I are right.（你和我都是对的。） 转折关系 but 但是 She is young,but she is very experienced.（她很年轻，但经验丰富。） 选择关系 or,either...or... 或者 要么...要么.. Would you like tea or coffee?（你想要茶还是咖啡？） Either you go,or I go.（要么你走，要么我就走。） 因果关系 so 所以 He studied hard,so he passed the exam.（他学习努力，所以通过了考试。） 否定并列 neither...nor... 既不...也不... Neither he nor she likes playing football. （他不喜欢踢足球，她也不喜欢踢足球。） 递进关系 not only...but also... 不仅...而且... She not only sings well,but also dances beautifully. （她不仅唱歌好，跳舞也很美。） 3. 关键规则 (1) 主谓一致： both...and... 连接主语时，谓语动词用复数； either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also... 连接主语时，谓语动词遵循 “就近原则” 例：Not only my parents but also my brother likes swimming.（不仅我父母，我哥哥也喜欢游泳。） as well as 连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致（区别于 both...and...）。 例：Tom as well as his friends is going to the park.（汤姆和他的朋友要去公园。） 4. 易错点提醒 (1) 不要同时使用两个并列连词：如 “because...so...”“though...but...” 都是错误的，只能用其中一个。 (2) 区分 either...or...（选择）和 neither...nor...（否定并列）的含义，避免混用。 (3) “or”的否定含义：“or”有否定“还”的意思，常用于否定句中连接并列成分。 例：“He can't swim or play football.”（他既不会游泳也不会踢足球。） (4) 祈使句+and/or+陈述句。“and”通常表示顺承关系，“or”表示否则、不然。 and后面陈述句用好结果，or后面陈述句引的是坏结果。 Work hard and you will succeed.（努力工作，你就会成功。）； Hurry up or you will be late.（快点，否则你会迟到。） · Unit 2：that/if/whether 引导的宾语从句 1. 宾语从句:是在主句中作宾语的从句，that/if/whether 是常见引导词，用于连接主句和从句。 2. 引导词用法: 引导词 含义 用法 that 无实际含义（可省略） 引导陈述句作宾语，尤其当主句谓语是say、think、believe、know等词时。 if/whether 是否 引导一般疑问句作宾语，两者多数情况下可互换。 She said that she would come tomorrow. I don't know if/ whether he will attend the meeting. 3. 关键规则 (1) 语序：宾语从句必须用陈述语序（引导词 + 主语 + 谓语），不能用疑问语序。 错误：Do you know where is he? → 正确：Do you know where he is?（你知道他在哪里吗？） (2) 时态呼应： ①主句是一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态； ②主句是一般过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外）。 例：He said (that) he had finished his homework.（他说他已经完成了作业。） The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.（客观真理，用一般现在时） (3) if 与 whether 的区别：介词后、与 or not 连用时，只能用 whether，不能用 if。 例：I’m worried about whether I can pass the exam.（我担心我是否能通过考试。） He asked whether she would come or not.（他问她是否会来。） (4) 宾语从句里助动词do和does要省略。 I wonder does he go to school by bike. I wonder if he goes to school by bike. 4. 易错点提醒 · 忘记将疑问语序改为陈述语序； · 介词后或与 or not 连用时误用 if； · 主句为过去时，从句时态未相应调整（客观真理除外）。 · Unit 3：特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 + 表达建议的句型 A. 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 1. 含义：由 what、who、which、when、where、why、how 等特殊疑问词引导，从句原本是特殊疑问句，作主句的宾语。 2. 关键规则 (1) 语序：必须用陈述语序（特殊疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语）。 错误：She asked how can I solve the problem. → 正确：She asked how I could solve the problem. (2) 引导词：特殊疑问词在从句中充当成分（如 what 作主语 / 宾语、when 作时间状语等），不能省略。 例：Do you know what he is talking about?（你知道他在说什么吗？）（what 作宾语） (3) 时态呼应：与 that/if/whether 引导的宾语从句一致（主句过去时，从句用相应过去时态；客观真理用一般现在时）。 B. 表达建议的句型 句型 结构 含义 Why not...? Why not + 动词原形? 为什么不......呢? You'd better (not) do... You'd better (not) + 动词原形 你最好（不）...... Suggest that... Suggest + that 从句（从句用 should + 动词原形，should 可省略） 建议...... It's a good idea to do... It's a good idea to + 动词原形 做......是个好主意 suggest doing... suggest + 动名词 建议做...... Why don't you...? Why don't you+ 动词原形? 你为什么不呢 Would you like .... Would you like + to do .? 您想要…… What /How about... What /How about+Ving? ...怎么样? Would you please ... Would you please +动词原形? 请你..，好吗？ Shall I .... Shall I +动词原形? 我...，可以吗？ Let’s... Let’s+动词原形? 让我们.... Perhaps you can Perhaps you can+动词原形? 也许你可以... 3. 易错点提醒 (1) 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，语序错误（仍用疑问语序）； (2) 表达建议句型的固定搭配错误： 如 “You'd better to do...”（多写 to）、“suggest to do...”（误用 to do，应为 doing 或 that 从句）。 · Unit 4：时间状语从句 1. 含义:表示动作发生的时间，由 when、while、as、before、after、since、until、as soon as 等引导词连接主句和从句。 2. 常见引导词用法: 引导词 含义 用法特点 when 当......时 可接延续性动词或非延续性动词（瞬间动词），从句动作可与主句同时发生或先后发生。 while 当......时 接延续性动词，从句动作与主句动作同时进行（强调“持续过程”）。 as 一边......一边....；当......时 强调主句和从句动作同时进行，语气比while更紧凑。 before 在......之前 从句动作发生在主句之前。 after 在……之后 从句动作发生在主句之后。 since 自从……以来 主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 until 直到……为止 主句动作持续到从句动作发生；not...until... 表示“直到……才……” （主句动作在从句动作后发生）。 as soon as 一……就…… 强调主句动作紧接着从句动作发生。 When I got home,my mother was cooking.(我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。) While she was reading,the phone rang.(她正在看书时，电话响了。) He sang as he walked.(他边走边唱。) Please wash your hands before you eat.(吃饭前请洗手。) After he finished his work,he went home.(他完成工作后就回家了。) He waited until she came back.(他一直等到她回来。) She didn't go to bed until she finished her homework.(她直到完成作业才睡觉。) As soon as he arrives,I will call you.(他一到我就给你打电话。) 3. 关键规则（时态呼应） (1) 主将从现：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（表示将来的时间）。 例：I will visit you as soon as I have time.（我一有空就去看你。） (2) 主过从过：主句用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时（表示过去的时间）。 例：When he was young, he often played football.（他年轻时经常踢足球。） 4. 易错点提醒 (1) when/while/as 的混用：while 后接非延续性动词（如 “While he came...”）； (2) 忘记 “主将从现” 规则； As soon as I will finish, I will go...”（从句用了将来时）； (3) until 与 not...until... 的含义混淆： He didn’t leave until 5 o’clock(正确，“直到 5 点才离开”） He left until 5 o’clock（错误，until 前需用延续性动词）。 · Unit 5：原因状语从句 1. 含义：表示主句动作发生的原因，由 because、since、as、for 等引导词连接。 2. 引导词用法对比： 引导词 含义 语气强度 用法 because 因为 最强（回答why问句的唯一正确引导词） 直接说明原因，可置于主句前或后，前用逗号 隔开。 since 既然、由于 较强（表示已知的、显而易见的原因） 多置于主句前，语气比because弱。 as 由于、因为 较弱（语气比since更委婉） 多置于主句前，说明次要原因。 for 因为、由于 最弱（表补充说明的原因，不能置于句首） 引导的从句是对主句的补充解释，前用逗号 隔开。 例：Why were you late? Because I missed the bus.（你为迟到？因为我错过了公交车。） Since you are tired,you can go to bed early.（既然你了，就早点睡吧。） As the weather is fine,we can go hiking.（由于天气我们可以去徒步旅行。） He must be ill,for he didn't come to school today.（一定病了，因为他今天没来上学。） 3. 关键规则 (1) because 与 so 不能同时使用（汉语中 “因为…… 所以……”，英语中只能选一个）。 错误：Because it rained, so we stayed at home. → 正确：Because it rained, we stayed at home./It rained, so we stayed at home. （因为下雨，我们待在了家里。） (2) 回答 why 引导的问句时，只能用 because，不能用 since/as/for。 4. 易错点提醒 1　 同时使用 because 和 so； 2　 回答 why 问句时误用 since/as/for； 3　 混淆引导词的语气强度和用法场景（如 for 置于句首）。 · Unit 6：if/unless 引导的条件状语从句 1. 含义：表示主句动作发生的条件，if（如果）和 unless（除非 = if not）是核心引导词。 2.引导词用法 引导词 含义 同义转换 例句 if 如果 —— If you study hard,you will make progress.（如果你努力学习，就会取得进步。） unless 除非、如果不 unless = if not Unless you hurry up,you will be late.（除非你快点，否则你会迟到。） = If you don't hurry up,you will be late. 3. 关键规则（时态呼应） (1) 主将从现：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（表示将来的条件）。 例：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.（如果明天不下雨，我们就去野餐。） (2) 主情从现：主句用情态动词（can、may、must 等），从句用一般现在时。 例：You can pass the exam if you practice more.（如果你多练习，就能通过考试。） (3) 主祈从现：主句用祈使句，从句用一般现在时。 例：Please call me if he comes.（如果他来，就给我打电话。） 4. 易错点提醒 (1) unless 与 if 的含义混淆： Unless you work hard, you will pass”（错误，应为 “Unless you work hard, you won’t pass”）； (2) 条件状语从句中误用将来时： If it will rain tomorrow, we won’t go（从句用了 will，应改为一般现在时 rains）； (3) 否定句中 unless 的正确转换：避免双重否定 Unless you don’t go是错误的 · Unit 7：让步、结果和目的状语从句 一、让步状语从句 1. 含义：表示 “虽然、尽管”，引导词引导的从句与主句构成转折关系。 2.常见引导词及用法： 引导词 含义 用法 though/although 虽然、尽管 两者用法基本一致，可互换；不能与but同时使用（但可与yet连用）。 even if/even though 即使、尽管 语气比though/although更强，表“退一步说”。 三、目的状语从句 1. 含义：表示主句动作的目的，由 so that、in order that 引导。 2.引导词用法： 引导词 含义 用法 so that 为了、以便 可置于主句后，从句常与 can、may、could、might 等情态动词连用。 in order that 为了、以便 语气比 so that 更强，可置于主句前或后（前用逗号隔开）。 3. 关键区别 (1) 目的状语从句（so that/in order that）：表 “目的”，从句常含情态动词； (2) 结果状语从句（so...that.../such...that...）：表 “结果”，从句是客观产生的结果，不含情态动词。 例：He studied hard so that he passed the exam.（结果：他努力学习，所以通过了考试。） He studied hard so that he could pass the exam.（目的：他努力学习是为了能通过考试。） 4. 易错点提醒 (1) though/although 与 but 连用； (2) so...that... 与 such...that... 的结构混淆（如 “such beautiful”“so a nice book”）； (3) 目的状语从句与结果状语从句的引导词和语气混淆（是否含情态动词）。 · Unit 8：定语从句和关系代词 1. 含义：定语从句是修饰名词或代词（即先行词）的从句，关系代词是连接主句和从句的桥梁，同时在从句中充当一定成分（主语、宾语、定语）。 2.常见关系代词及用法： 关系代词 指代对象 在从句中充当的成分 that 人或物 主语、宾语（作宾语时可省略） which 物 主语、宾语（作宾语时可省略） who 人 主语、宾语（作宾语时可省略，口语中常用whom） whom 人 宾语（正式用法，作宾语时可省略） whose 人或物 定语（表示“……的”） 3. 关键规则 (1) 关系代词必须指代先行词（被修饰的名词 / 代词），且在从句中充当成分； (2) 关系代词作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略； (3) 先行词既有人又有物时，只能用 that（不能用 who/which）。 例：We talked about the people and things that we saw in the park.（我们谈论了在公园里看到的人和事。） 4. 易错点提醒 1　 关系代词选择错误：如先行词是人时用 which，先行词是物时用 who； 2　 关系代词作宾语时多余重复：如 “This is the book which I bought it yesterday.”（多了 it，which 已作宾语）； 3　 whose 的用法不熟练：如 “This is the girl who name is Lucy.”（错误，应用 whose，“女孩的名字”）； 4　 先行词既有人又有物时误用 who/which。 易混淆语法点辨析 1. 宾语从句引导词辨析 引导词类型 适用场景 关键区别 that 引导陈述句作宾语 无含义，可省略；从句是肯定 / 否定陈述句。 if/whether 引导一般疑问句作宾语 表“是否”，多数可互换；介词后、与or not连用 只能用whether。 特殊疑问词 引导特殊疑问句作宾语 有具体含义（如what“什么”、when“何时”），在 从句中作成分，不能省略。 2.状语从句类型辨析（核心看引导词和含义） 从句类型 引导词（举例） 核心含义 时间状语从句 when、while、as、before、after 表“时间” 原因状语从句 because、since、as、for 表“原因” 条件状语从句 if、unless 表“条件” 让步状语从句 though、although、even if 表“让步（虽然）” 结果状语从句 so...that...、such...that... 表“结果” 目的状语从句 so that、in order that 表“目的” 3.易混引导词对比 (1) if：表 “如果”（条件状语从句）/“是否”（宾语从句） 例：If it rains, we won’t go.（条件：如果下雨，我们就不去。） I don’t know if he will come.（宾语：我不知道他是否会来。） (2) so：表 “所以”（并列连词，连接并列句）/“如此”（so...that...，结果状语从句） 例：He was ill, so he didn’t come.（并列：他病了，所以没来。） He is so tall that he can touch the ceiling.（结果：他太高了，能碰到天花板。） 综合练习巩固 一、单项选择 1. My mother likes music ______ is quiet and gentle.（定语从句） A. who B. which C. whose D. what 2. —Do you know ______ the meeting will start?（宾语从句） —At 3 o’clock this afternoon. A. when B. if C. that D. where 3. ______ he is young, he knows a lot about history.（让步状语从句） A. Because B. Though C. So D. If 4. I will call you ______ I arrive in Beijing.（时间状语从句） A. as soon as B. until C. while D. since 5. You’d better ______ early, or you will miss the train.（表达建议句型） A. to leave B. leaving C. leave D. left 6. ______ you study hard, you won’t pass the exam.（条件状语从句） A. If B. Unless C. Because D. Though 7. Not only my sister but also I ______ interested in painting.（并列连词主谓一致） A. am B. is C. are D. be 8. He asked me ______ I could help him with his English.（宾语从句引导词） A. that B. if C. what D. which 二、句型转换 1． She said, “I will go to Shanghai tomorrow.”（改为宾语从句） She said ______ ______ ______ go to Shanghai ______ ______ ______. 2． He will come back. I will tell you at once.（合并为时间状语从句） I ______ ______ you at once ______ ______ ______ back. 3． You should finish your homework first.（改为表达建议的句型） ______ ______ finish your homework first? 4． The book is very interesting. Everyone wants to read it.（合并为结果状语从句） The book is ______ ______ ______ everyone wants to read it. 5． This is the girl. Her father is a teacher.（合并为定语从句） This is the girl ______ ______ is a teacher. 三、改错（找出错误并改正） 1. Because he is busy, so he can’t come.（→） 2. I don’t know if will he come to the party.（→） 3. Though it was raining, but we still went out.（→） 4. This is the pen which I bought it last week.（→） 5. Unless you don’t work hard, you will fail.（→） 四、单选题： 1. Recycling not only saves resources ______ also reduces landfill waste. A. and B. but C. or D. so 2. If everyone ______ a small change, our planet will become much greener. A. makes B. made C. will make D. has made 3. The government has taken action to reduce air pollution, ______ many people are still worried about the environment. A. and B. or C. but D. so 4. Which of the following correctly joins the two sentences “This is Judy's new carrot pen. Nick gave it to her.”? A. This is Judy's new carrot pen which Nick gave to her. B. This is Judy's new carrot pen what Nick gave to her. C. This is Judy's new carrot pen that Nick gave it to her. D. This is Judy's new carrot pen which Nick gave it to her. 5. Black Myth (神话): Wukong is a new video game ______ brings the magic of Chinese legends to life. A. who B. where C. that D. why 6. Which of the following sentences has a defining relative clause? A. Tan Dun knows how he can make music with water. B. Tan Dun showed an interest in music when he was young. C. Tan Dun is a great musician that creates a new type of music. D. As Tan Dun likes the sounds of nature, he uses them a lot in his music. 7. Read the following sentence, “Beethoven remained single all his life though he wrote many stories of love.” The underlined word is to ______. A. tell a reason B. show a result C. contrast two sentences D. add more information 8. —Do you like pop music or classical music? —______. I like country music. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None 9. —Steve looks tired because he travels between Nanjing and Ma'an shan every day. —The situation will be improved ______ Line S2 opens next year. A. until B. as soon as C. whenever D. since 10. — Which of these two dresses ______, the pink one or the red one, Madam? — Neither, thanks. I ______ take a look at a light green one. A. would you rather; prefer B. would you rather; would rather C. do you prefer; would rather D. do you prefer; prefer 11. Which sentence about Nanjing has a different clause from the others? A. Nanjing is a modern city which has a long history. B. Anyone who comes to Nanjing can't miss the local food. C. Visitors say that people in Nanjing are friendly and helpful. D. The Zijin Mountain is a wonderful place that is worth visiting. 12. Which of the following sentences has a defining relative clause? A. The boy that often helps people around him is kind. B. It's said that the kind boy often helps people around him. C. The boy is so kind that he often helps people around him. D. He is such a kind boy that often helps people around him. 13. —I'm coughing these days. —I strongly ______ you to give up smoking. It does great harm to your health. A. suggest B. hope C. advise D. force 14. You may travel around the studio with a tour guide ______ you already know it very well. A. unless B. if C. since D. as 15. Xiao Wei showed ______ great courage that he saved an old lady out of the fire. A. so B. such C. such a D. so a 16. The boss was so angry about ______ had happened ______ he left without a word. A. that, that B. that, what C. what, what D. what, that 17. I don't know if it ______ next Friday. If it ______, we won't hold the Sports Meeting. A. will rain; rains B. rains; rains C. will rain; will rain D. rains; will rain 18. The 2024 Paris Olympic Games are ______ events that we all wait in hope. A. so great B. great so C. such great D. great such 19. Readers around the world will not forget Anne Frank ______ wrote her thoughts, her feelings and her A. who B. when C. what D. which 20. It's hard for you to have a better view of the village ______ you reach the top of the hill. A. as B. if C. unless D. because 21. We asked Tony and Neo a simple question, but ______ of them could answer it. A. both B. none C. either D. neither 22. You need to practise speaking every day ______ you hope to improve your spoken English. A. if B. although C. unless D. until 23. “Put on your coat, ______ you will catch a cold!” This is what my mum often says to me. A. and B. but C. or D. so 24. — ______ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Amy? — To learn about different styles of school uniform. A. What B. Where C. Why D. Which 25. ______ Lin Feng has to work late, she always wears a smile on her face. A. Because B. If C. Until D. Though 26. Try to be the master of your life. Life is a horse and ______ you ride it ______ it rides you. A. neither; nor B. either; or C. both; and D. not only; but also 27. Which of the following sentences has an object clause? A. There are the moments that we will always keep in mind. B. Your parents are ready to help if you meet up with problems. C. You greet the postman when he drops off daily mails with a smile. D. A friend told me I should be thankful to people who helped me in my life. 28. English learning itself isn't hard. How much you devote decides ______. A. who can you ask for B. whether you can learn it well C. that you can take the lead D. why you began to learn it 29. Which of the following sentences has a relative clause? A. She started learning Qinqiang Opera from her mother when she was 4 years old. B. If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption. C. He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting. D. I believe working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty. 30. —I am wondering ______. —Whatever the result is, don't be too hard on yourself. A. that I can pass the test B. how can I pass the test C. when can I prepare for the test D. if I can get high marks in the test 31. As we live in a rapidly developing world, we will be left behind ______ we keep learning. A. unless B. if C. after D. though 32. The news Besides A and B, C appears beautifully in the sky makes us excited ______ “C” is C919 from China, with many Jiangsu elements (元素). A. because B. so C. though D. then 33. —Why don't we invite Jane to our weekend party? —I ______ if she will agree. She is such a shy girl. A. believe B. doubt C. hope D. advise 34. —Shall we meet at the zoo gate at 8 a.m.? —In fact we needn't. It ______ until 9 a.m. A. doesn't open B. opens C. didn't open D. opened 35. —Is there any new movie on at the cinema? —Yes. ______ the film Godspeed《人生路不熟》and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol.3 are wonderful. You can choose ______ of them to see. A. Both; neither B. None; each C. All; none D. Both; either 练习答案 一、单项选择 B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 二、句型转换 that she would; the next day will tell; as soon as he comes Why not so interesting that whose father 三、改错 去掉 so（because 和 so 不能连用） if will he→if he will（宾语从句用陈述语序） 去掉 but（though 和 but 不能连用） 去掉 it（which 已作宾语，重复） 去掉 don’t（unless=if not，双重否定错误） 四、单选题：1~5: B A C A C ；6~10: C C B B C 11~15: C A C A B 16~20: D A D A C ；21~25: D A C C D ；26~30: B D B C D 31~35: A A B A D ( 8 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $