内容正文:
小升初英语专题复习
There be 句型
知识点归纳及专项练习(附答案解析)
一、知识点归纳
There be句型表示“某处有某人或某物”
(一)there be 句型的句式结构
句式种类
句式结构
例句
肯定句
There be + 某物/某人+ 某地/某时
There are some flowers in the vase.
否定句
There be + not+ 某物/某人+某地/某时
There are not any/ no flowers in the vase.
一般疑问句
Be 动词+ there +某物/某人+某地/某时 ?
Is there a computer in your room?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句 +主语 + be动词+ there+其他?
How many trees are there in your garden?
(二)there be句型的就近原则
当there be句型中的主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,be动词要和离它最近的名词的单复数保持一致。如:There is a pen and two books on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。
(三)例题讲解
1. There not any milk in the bottle.
A.is B. are C.am D.be
答案:A
解析:there be句型中的be动词应根据句子的主语来变化。当所给句子只有单个主语时,be动词要与单个主语保持一致;如果有多个主语,be动词要遵循“就近一致原则”。句意:瓶子里没有牛奶了,milk是不可数名词,前面的be动词只能用is或was.结合所给选项,be动词应用is,正确答案A。
2. There two pens and a ruler on the desk.
A. are B.is C.am D.be
答案:A
解析:there be 句型中,主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,be动词要和离它最近的那个名词保持一致,即就近原则。句意:桌子生有一把尺子和两支钢笔。并列主语two pens and a ruler,根据就近原则可知,be动词应与two pens保持一致,所以应用are,正确答案为A。
3. there a telephone next to the backpack?
A.is B. Are C.Is D. Be
答案:C
解析:there be 句型的一般疑问句形式为“be 动词+ there +某物/某人+某地/某时 ?”其中,如果句子中有some,要把some变成any。句意:背包旁边有电话吗?由问号及there可知,此句为there be 句型的一般疑问句句式。本题中的“a telephone”为单数,所以be动词用is,且句首单词的首字母应大写。正确答案为C。
4.—Are there any under the tree?
—Yes, .
A. ducks;there are B. ducks;they are
C. duck;there are D. duck;they are
答案:A
解析:there be 句型的一般疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, there is /are”,否定回答为“No, there isn’t//aren’t.”句意:—树下有鸭子吗?—是的,有。由答句中的yes可知,问句为一般疑问句,any后一般接复数名次或不可数名词。Duck是可数名词,变复数时直接加s。there be 句型的一般疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, there is/are.”正确答案为A.
二、专项练习
(一)选择题。
1.There a lot of food in the fridge just now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2.There any meat in the fridge two days ago.
A. is B. wasn't C. was D. are
3.There a lot of vegetables in the fridge.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
4. There an interesting show here the day after tomorrow.
A. is going to B. will have
C. will be D.is
5.There no computers in my old school. There no gym, either.
A. were; is B. are;was
C. were; was D. are;is
6. two buildings in my school.
A. There are B. There is
C. It is D. Are there)
7.There a desk and two chairs in my room.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
8. There a beautiful house behind the park.
A.is B. are C. have D. has
9.There some orange juice and apples on the table.
A. has B. is C. are D. have
10.—How many pictures on the wall?
— only one.
A. are there; This is B. are there;There is
C. there are;There is D. there are;There is
11.There no computers 100 years ago.
A. was B. were C. had. D.is
12.There buses in the Tang Dynasty.
A. was no B. were not
C. were no D. was not
13. There an English film next week.
A. will have B. is going to be
C. is going to have D. was going to be
14.There four birds in the tree five minutes ago.
A. is B. were C. are D. was
15.—Look! There is only one monkey now.
—Well, there two just now.
A. were B. are C.is D. have
16.There three children ten minutes ago. But there only one now.
A. is; is B. were; was
C. were;is D. is;was
17.There some orange juice and some on the table.
A. have; oranges B. are; oranges
C. is; oranges D. has;oranges
18.There an eraser and two pencils in his bag.
A. are B.am C. is D. has
19. a playground in my community.
A. There is B. There are
C. Is there D. Are there
20. many people in the Taijiquan club.
A. There is B. There are
C. There isn't D. There aren't
21. a gym near the park? Yes, .
A. Is there; there is B. Are there;there are
C. There is; it is D. There are;they are
22. There a shop and two parks in our community.
A. is B. are C. isn't D. aren't
23. any milk in the glass.
A. There is B. There are
C. There isn't D. There aren't
24.— there two parks near your home?
—No, there .
A. Is;isn't B. Are; aren't
C. Is;are D. Are; is
25. There some books and a pen on the desk
A. is B. are C. isn't D. aren't
26. There a big playground in our school. We often play there.
A. is B. are C. isn't D. aren't
(二)按要求完成句子。
27.There is an apple tree in front of my house. (用 many将句子改成复数形式)
There in front of my house.
28. There is a shoe shop near my home.(用 many将句子改成复数形式)
There are near my home.
29. Is there a bed in the room?(改为陈述句)
.
30. There is a big library in our school.(改成过去式)
.
31.There was a bookshelf on the ground floor.(用many改为复数句子)
.
32. There is a park over there.(改为否定句)
.
33. There are some people in the gym.(改为一般疑问句)
.
34. There is a Taijiquan club in the community.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
.
35. There are many old things in the museum.(改为否定句)
.
36. There is a beautiful park in my community.(对划线部分提问)
.
用have,has或者there be的正确形式填空。
37.We a big classroom.
38. Mr. White a beautiful bike.
39. a computer on the desk.
40. She a good friend.
41. a big fridge in the kitchen.
连词成句。
42.many shops,there,are,in Toronto(.)
.
43. was,study, there,my,no,house,in(.)
.
44. near,school,my,was,there,no,post office(.)
.
45.was,gym,old, in,there,my,school,no(.)
.
46.isn’t,there,a,shop,near,the, school(.)
.
句子改错,每句一个错误,请找出并改正。
47. There is four picture on the wall.
.
48. There isn't any boys in the room.
.
49. There is some books on the desk.
.
50. Is there any apples in the box?
.
答案解析
1. 【答案】C
【解析】时态判断:句尾的 just now(刚才)是一般过去时的标志词,因此谓语动词要用过去式,排除 A、B 选项。主谓一致:food 是不可数名词,对应的 be 动词单数形式是 is,过去式为 was。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】时态判断:two days ago(两天前)是一般过去时标志,排除 A、D 选项。否定标志:any 常用于否定句或疑问句中,本句为陈述句,因此需要用否定形式 wasn't;meat 是不可数名词,be 动词用单数形式。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】时态判断:句子没有过去时的时间标志词,默认使用一般现在时,排除 C、D 选项。主谓一致:vegetables 是可数名词复数,对应的 be 动词复数形式为 are。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】时态判断:the day after tomorrow(后天)是一般将来时标志,结构为 will + 动词原形 或 be going to + 动词原形。there be 句型:该句型表示 “某地有某物”,不能与 have 连用,排除 B 选项;A. is going to 后缺少动词原形 be,不完整;will be 符合将来时的结构要求。
5. 【答案】C
【解析】语境判断:my old school(我以前的学校)表示过去的时间,因此两句都要用一般过去时,排除 A、B、D 选项。主谓一致:第一空 computers 是可数名词复数,be 动词过去式用 were;第二空 gym 是可数名词单数,be 动词过去式用 was。
6. 【答案】A
【解析】句型判断:句子表达 “学校里有两栋楼”,需用 there be 句型(表示“存在”),排除 C 选项(It is 表示“它是”,不表存在)。疑问 / 陈述语气:题干是陈述句,D 选项(Are there)是疑问语序,排除。主谓一致:two buildings 是可数名词复数,一般现在时(无过去时间标志),be 动词用复数形式 are。
7. 【答案】B.
【解析】时态判断:句子无过去时标志词,用一般现在时,排除 C、D 选项(过去式)。就近原则:there be 句型中,be 动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定。此处离 be 动词最近的是 a desk(单数),而非后面的 two chairs,因此用单数形式 is。
8. 【答案】A
【解析】句型规则:there be 句型表示“存在”,不能与 have/has 连用(have/has 表示“某人拥有”),排除 C、D 选项。主谓一致:a beautiful house 是可数名词单数,一般现在时,be 动词用 is,排除 B 选项(复数形式)。
9. 【答案】B
【解析】句型规则:排除 A、D 选项(there be 与 have 不可连用)。就近原则:离 be 动词最近的是 some orange juice(不可数名词,视为单数),而非后面的 apples,因此 be 动词用 is,排除 C 选项。
10. 【答案】B
【解析】疑问句结构:how many 引导的特殊疑问句,there be 需用疑问语序(be 动词提前),即 are there,排除 C、D 选项(陈述语序)。问句用 there be 提问,回答需保持一致,用 there be 结构,而非 This is(表示“这是”),排除 A 选项。
11. 【答案】B
【解析】时态判断:100 years ago(100 年前)是一般过去时标志,排除 D 选项(一般现在时)。句型规则:排除 C 选项(there be 与 had 不可连用)。主谓一致:computers 是可数名词复数,过去式 be 动词用 were,排除 A 选项(单数过去式)。
12. 【答案】C
【解析】时态判断:the Tang Dynasty(唐朝)是过去时间,be 动词用过去式,排除 A、D 选项(was 对应单数名词,buses 是复数)。否定结构:no + 名词 = not any + 名词。B 选项 were not 后缺少 any(完整形式应为 were not any buses),语法错误;C 选项 were no buses = were not any buses,符合结构要求。
13. 【答案】B.
【解析】时态判断:next week(下周)是一般将来时标志,排除 D 选项(过去将来时)。句型规则:排除 A、C 选项(there be 与 have 不可连用)。将来时结构:一般将来时的 there be 句型有两种形式:will be 或 be going to be。此处 an English film 是单数,is going to be 符合主谓一致,语法正确。
14. 【答案】B
【解析】时态判断:five minutes ago(五分钟前)是一般过去时标志,排除 A、C 选项(一般现在时)。主谓一致:four birds 是可数名词复数,过去式 be 动词用 were,排除 D 选项(单数过去式)。
15. 【答案】A
【解析】时态对比:答句中 just now(刚才)与问句的 now(现在)形成对比,需用一般过去时,排除 B、C 选项(一般现在时)。主谓一致:two 指代前文的 two monkeys(复数),过去式 be 动词用 were。
16. 【答案】C
【解析】第一空时态:ten minutes ago(十分钟前)是过去时,three children 是复数,be 动词用 were,排除 A、D 选项(第一空用 is 错误)。第二空时态:now(现在)是一般现在时,only one(单数),be 动词用 is,排除 B 选项(第二空用 was 错误)。
17. 【答案】C
【解析】句型规则:排除 A、D 选项(there be 与 have/has 不可连用)。主谓一致(就近原则):离 be 动词最近的是 some orange juice(不可数名词,视为单数),因此 be 动词用 is,排除 B 选项(are 对应复数)。名词形式:some 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,orange 是可数名词,复数形式为 oranges,符合语法。
18. 【答案】C
【解析】核心考点:就近原则:there be 句型中,be 动词单复数由离它最近的名词决定。此处离 be 动词最近的是 an eraser(单数),而非后面的 two pencils,因此用单数形式。排除干扰项:B 选项 am 仅与主语 I 搭配,排除;D 选项 has 不能与 there be 连用(表“存在” 不用 have),排除;A 选项 are 对应复数名词,不符合就近原则,排除。时态:无过去时间标志,用一般现在时,is 符合语法。
19. 【答案】A
【解析】句型与语气:句子表达 “社区里有一个操场”,是陈述句,需用 there be 句型(表存在),排除 C、D 选项(疑问语序,题干无疑问语气)。主谓一致:a playground 是可数名词单数,一般现在时,be 动词用 is,排除 B 选项(复数形式 are)。
20. 【答案】B
【解析】主谓一致:many people 是复数概念(people 为集体名词,表“人们”时视为复数),be 动词需用复数形式 are,排除 A、C 选项(单数及单数否定)。肯定 / 否定判断:题干无否定词,且 many people 搭配肯定句(some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定 / 疑问),排除 D 选项(否定形式)。
21. 【答案】A
【解析】疑问句结构:题干是一般疑问句(末尾有问号),需将 be 动词提前,排除 C、D 选项(陈述语序,不符合疑问结构)。主谓一致:a gym 是单数,疑问词用 Is there,排除 B 选项(Are there 对应复数名词)。回答规则:there be 句型的疑问句,回答需保持一致,用 there is/are 回应,因此否定回答为 there is。
22. 【答案】A
【解析】就近原则:离 be 动词最近的是 a shop(单数),尽管后面有 two parks(复数),仍需用单数 be 动词 is,排除 B、D 选项(复数形式)。肯定 / 否定判断:题干无否定含义(未出现 not 或 any),排除 C 选项(否定形式 isn't)。时态:无过去时间标志,用一般现在时,语法正确。
23. 【答案】C
【解析】否定判断:any 常用于否定句 / 疑问句,题干是陈述句,因此需用否定形式,排除 A、B 选项(肯定形式)。主谓一致:milk 是不可数名词,视为单数,否定形式用 there isn't,排除 D 选项(there aren't 对应复数名词)。
24. 【答案】B
【解析】第一空:疑问词单复数:two parks 是复数名词,疑问句的 be 动词用 Are,排除 A、C 选项(Is 对应单数)。第二空:否定回答一致性:there be 句型的否定回答需与疑问词单复数一致,Are there 的否定回答是 there aren't,排除 D 选项(is 与复数疑问词矛盾)。
25. 【答案】B.
【解析】就近原则:离 be 动词最近的是 some books(复数),而非后面的 a pen,因此 be 动词用复数形式 are,排除 A、C 选项(单数及单数否定)。肯定判断:some 用于肯定句,题干无否定词,排除 D 选项(否定形式 aren't)。
26. 【答案】A
【解析】主谓一致:a big playground 是可数名词单数,be 动词用 is,排除 B 选项(复数 are)。语境提示:后句 We often play there(我们经常在那里玩)表明操场是存在的,因此用肯定形式,排除 C、D 选项(否定形式,与语境矛盾)。时态:often 是一般现在时标志词,is 符合时态要求。
27.【答案】are many apple trees
【解析】原句中“is”对应单数名词“an apple tree”,用“many”(修饰可数名词复数)改写时,be 动词需变为复数形式 “are”;“an apple tree”的复数形式为 “many apple trees”(“many” 后接可数名词复数)。
28. 【答案】many shoe shops
【解析】原句中“a shoe shop”的复数形式为“many shoe shops”;注意:“shoe”在此处是作定语修饰“shop”,作定语的名词通常用单数形式,因此仅需将中心词“shop”变为复数“shops”。
29. 【答案】There is a bed in the room.
【解析】一般疑问句改陈述句时,需将提前的 be 动词(is)放回“there”之后,保持原句其他成分不变。
30. 【答案】There was a big library in our school.
【解析】改为过去式需将 be 动词“is”(一般现在时单数)变为其过去式“was”。
31. 【答案】There were many bookshelves on the ground floor.
【解析】“many”修饰可数名词复数,需将原句中单数 be 动词“was”改为复数过去式“were”,同时将“bookshelf”(单数)变为复数“bookshelves”。
32. 【答案】There isn't a park over there.
【解析】there be 句型的否定形式为“be 动词 + not”,“is not”可缩写为“isn't”。
33. 【答案】Are there any people in the gym?
【解析】改为一般疑问句需将 be 动词“are”提前;同时“some”在疑问句中需替换为“any”。
34. 【答案】
一般疑问句:Is there a Taijiquan club in the community?
肯定回答:Yes, there is.
【解析】一般疑问句需将 be 动词“is”提前;there be 句型的肯定回答结构为“Yes, there + 原 be 动词”。
35.【答案】There aren't many old things in the museum.
【解析】there be 句型的否定形式为“be 动词 + not”,“are not”可缩写为“aren't”。
36.【答案】What is there in your community?
【解析】划线部分“a beautiful park”是事物,需用疑问词“What”提问;同时将原句中的“my” 转换为“your”(疑问句中人称对应转换),保持 there be 结构的疑问语序。
37. 【答案】have
【解析】主语“We(我们)”是第一人称复数,表“某人拥有某物”用“have”。
38. 【答案】has
【解析】主语“Mr. White(怀特先生)”是第三人称单数,表“某人拥有某物”用“has”。
39. 【答案】There is
【解析】句子表“书桌上存在一台电脑”(存在句型),“a computer”是单数,故用“There is”。
40. 【答案】has
【解析】主语“She(她)”是第三人称单数,表“某人拥有某物”用“has”。
41. 【答案】There is
【解析】句子表“厨房里存在一个大冰箱”(存在句型),“a big fridge”是单数,故用“There is”。
42.【答案】There are many shops in Toronto.
【解析】这是 there be 的肯定句型,“many shops” 是可数名词复数,因此 be 动词用“are”;“in Toronto”是地点状语,置于句末。
43.【答案】There was no study in my house.
【解析】这是 there be 的否定句型(通过“no + 名词”表否定),“study(书房)”是单数名词,故 be 动词用“was”;“in my house”是地点状语。
44.【答案】There was no post office near my school.
【解析】这是 there be 的否定句型,“post office”是单数名词,be 动词用“was”;“near my school”是地点状语。
45.【答案】There was no gym in my old school.
【解析】这是 there be 的否定句型,“gym”是单数名词,be 动词用“was”;“in my old school” 是地点状语。
46.【答案】There isn't a shop near the school.
【解析】这是 there be 的否定句型(通过“be + not”表否定),“a shop”是单数名词,故 be 动词用“isn't”;“near the school”是地点状语。
47.【答案】
错误:“is”与“picture”的形式不符合主谓一致及名词单复数要求
改正:There are four pictures on the wall.
【解析】“four”表示数量为 4,后需接可数名词复数“pictures”;对应的 be 动词需用复数形式“are”,以匹配名词的单复数,保持主谓一致。
48.【答案】
错误:“isn't”的形式与主语单复数不匹配
改正:There aren't any boys in the room.
【解析】“boys”是可数名词复数,there be 句型的否定形式中,be 动词需用复数对应的 “aren't”,而非单数形式的“isn't”。
49.【答案】
错误:“is”的形式与名词单复数不匹配
改正:There are some books on the desk.
【解析】“books”是可数名词复数,there be 句型中 be 动词需用复数形式“are”,以保持主谓一致。
50.【答案】
错误:“Is”的形式与名词单复数不匹配
改正:Are there any apples in the box?
【解析】“apples”是可数名词复数,一般疑问句中开头的 be 动词需用复数形式“Are”,以匹配名词的单复数。
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