摘要:
该初中英语知识清单聚焦“Starter Section 3 Saying Hello”主题,系统梳理日常交际所需的词汇、短语及基础句型,涵盖问候礼仪、情感表达、基础语法(be动词及肯定/否定句)等核心范畴,搭建从基础问候(如“Hello”“Good morning”)到扩展应答(如“Not bad”“Great”)再到情境应用的递进式学习支架。
清单通过情境分类(如时间问候、情感描述)和功能关联(如“How are you?”与多种应答搭配)呈现知识体系,例句贴近学生生活场景(如校园、家庭交往),培养语言能力与思维品质。特别设计“交际句型-应答词汇”联动模块,如“How are you?”对应“Im fine”“Not bad”等分级应答,标注“run late”“take care”等实用短语,辅助不同水平学生高效掌握,教师可直接用于对话教学,提升课堂互动实效。
内容正文:
Starter Section 3 Saying Hello 拓展词汇、短语和句型背记
序号
词汇、短语和句型
意思
例句(中英对照)
1
say hello
打招呼;问好
We should say hello to our teachers when we meet them.(遇到老师时,我们应该向他们问好。)
2
greeting
问候;招呼
She gave me a warm greeting when she saw me.(她看到我时给了我一个热情的问候。)
3
Good morning.
早上好。
Good morning, class! Lets start our lesson.(早上好,同学们!我们开始上课吧。)
4
Good afternoon.
下午好。
Good afternoon, Mr Li. How are you today?(下午好,李老师。您今天过得怎么样?)
5
Good evening.
晚上好。
Good evening, everyone. Welcome to the party.(大家晚上好。欢迎来到派对。)
6
Good night.
晚安。
Its time to go to bed. Good night, Mum and Dad.(该睡觉了。爸爸妈妈,晚安。)
7
Hello.
你好。
Hello! May I speak to Tom, please?(你好!请问我可以和汤姆通话吗?)
8
Hi.
嗨;你好。
Hi, Jenny! Do you want to go to the park with me?(嗨,珍妮!你想和我一起去公园吗?)
9
Goodbye.
再见。
Goodbye, my friends. See you tomorrow.(再见,我的朋友们。明天见。)
10
Bye.
再见。
Bye! Have a good weekend.(再见!周末愉快。)
11
How are you?
你好吗?
How are you? Im fine, thank you.(你好吗?我很好,谢谢。)
12
Im fine.
我很好。
A: How are you today? B: Im fine, thanks.(A:你今天好吗?B:我很好,谢谢。)
13
Im very well.
我非常好。
My grandma is 80 years old, but shes very well.(我奶奶80岁了,但身体非常好。)
14
thanks
谢谢(=thank you)
Thanks for your help. I really appreciate it.(谢谢你的帮助。我非常感激。)
15
thank you
谢谢你
Thank you for giving me this beautiful gift.(谢谢你给我这份漂亮的礼物。)
16
and you?
你呢?
A: Im fine, thank you. And you? B: Im OK.(A:我很好,谢谢。你呢?B:我还不错。)
17
not bad
还不错;挺好的
A: Hows your new school? B: Not bad. I like it.(A:你的新学校怎么样?B:还不错。我挺喜欢的。)
18
great
很好;棒极了
A: How was your weekend? B: Great! I went hiking with my family.(A:你周末过得怎么样?B:太棒了!我和家人去远足了。)
19
terrible
糟糕的;可怕的
I had a terrible day. I lost my wallet.(我今天过得糟透了。我丢了钱包。)
20
so-so
一般般;马马虎虎
A: How do you like the movie? B: So-so. Its not as interesting as I expected.(A:你觉得这部电影怎么样?B:一般般。没有我想象的那么有趣。)
21
meet
遇见;碰见
I met my old friend on the street yesterday.(我昨天在街上遇见了我的老朋友。)
22
see
看见;见到
See you later! I have to go now.(待会儿见!我得走了。)
23
see you
再见;回头见
See you tomorrow morning at the school gate.(明天早上校门口见。)
24
see you soon
待会儿见;很快再见
Ill finish my work in 10 minutes. See you soon!(我10分钟后完成工作。待会儿见!)
25
see you later
回头见;稍后见
Im going to the supermarket. See you later!(我要去超市了。回头见!)
26
take care
保重;小心
Take care on your way home. Its getting dark.(回家路上小心。天快黑了。)
27
have a good time
过得愉快;玩得开心
Have a good time at the party tonight!(今晚的派对玩得开心点!)
28
have a nice day
祝你今天愉快
Have a nice day! See you next week.(祝你今天愉快!下周见。)
29
have a good weekend
周末愉快
Have a good weekend! Im going to visit my grandparents.(周末愉快!我要去看望我的祖父母了。)
30
how
怎样;如何
How do you usually go to school?(你通常怎样去上学?)
31
is
是(be动词第三人称单数)
He is a new student in our class.(他是我们班的新学生。)
32
are
是(be动词第二人称单复数/第一、三人称复数)
You are my best friend.(你是我最好的朋友。)
33
am
是(be动词第一人称单数)
I am very happy to meet you.(我很高兴见到你。)
34
positive sentence
肯定句
She is a kind girl.(她是一个善良的女孩。)
35
negative sentence
否定句
He isnt late for school today.(他今天上学没有迟到。)
36
tired
累的;疲惫的
After playing football for two hours, I feel tired.(踢了两个小时足球后,我觉得很累。)
37
interesting
有趣的
This book is very interesting. I cant put it down.(这本书非常有趣。我爱不释手。)
38
boring
无聊的;乏味的
The lecture is so boring that many students fall asleep.(这个讲座太无聊了,很多学生都睡着了。)
39
great
极好的;很棒的
What a great idea! Lets do it right now.(多棒的主意啊!我们现在就做吧。)
40
late
迟到的;晚的
Dont be late for the meeting. It starts at 9 oclock.(别开会迟到。会议9点开始。)
41
run late
快要迟到;赶不及
Im running late. I have to hurry up.(我快要迟到了。我得快点。)
42
book
书;书本
This is an English book about history.(这是一本关于历史的英语书。)
43
school
学校
Our school has a big playground and a modern library.(我们学校有一个大操场和一个现代化的图书馆。)
44
new
新的
I have a new schoolbag. Its blue and white.(我有一个新书包。它是蓝白相间的。)
45
like
喜欢;喜爱
I like reading books in the library after school.(我喜欢放学后在图书馆看书。)
46
very much
非常;很
She likes music very much and often listens to it.(她非常喜欢音乐,经常听。)
47
a lot
非常;很(修饰动词)
He reads a lot and knows many things.(他读了很多书,知道很多事情。)
48
too
也
I like swimming, and she likes swimming too.(我喜欢游泳,她也喜欢游泳。)
49
also
也(用于句中)
He also plays the piano well.(他钢琴也弹得很好。)
50
either
也(用于否定句末)
I dont like coffee, and my sister doesnt like it either.(我不喜欢咖啡,我姐姐也不喜欢。)
51
chat
聊天;闲谈
We often chat with each other after class.(我们经常在课后互相聊天。)
52
talk
谈话;交谈
My parents often talk with my teachers about my study.(我父母经常和我的老师谈论我的学习情况。)
53
with
和……一起
I usually go to school with my brother.(我通常和我哥哥一起去上学。)
54
together
一起;共同
We play games together every weekend.(我们每个周末一起玩游戏。)
55
friend
朋友
A true friend will always help you when you are in trouble.(真正的朋友会在你遇到困难时一直帮助你。)
56
classmate
同班同学
My classmate often helps me with my maths homework.(我的同班同学经常帮我辅导数学作业。)
57
teacher
老师
Our English teacher is very kind and patient.(我们的英语老师非常善良且有耐心。)
58
student
学生
As a student, we should study hard.(作为一名学生,我们应该努力学习。)
59
kind
善良的;和蔼的
She is a kind woman who often helps strangers.(她是一个善良的女人,经常帮助陌生人。)
60
friendly
友好的
The people in this town are very friendly to visitors.(这个小镇的人对游客非常友好。)
61
happy
高兴的;快乐的
Im happy to receive your gift.(收到你的礼物我很高兴。)
62
glad
高兴的;乐意的
Im glad to help you with your English.(我很乐意帮你学英语。)
63
excited
兴奋的;激动的
We are excited about the coming school trip.(我们对即将到来的学校旅行感到兴奋。)
64
sad
难过的;悲伤的
She felt sad when she heard the bad news.(听到这个坏消息时,她感到很难过。)
65
angry
生气的;愤怒的
My mother was angry because I broke the vase.(我妈妈因为我打碎了花瓶而生气。)
66
nervous
紧张的
He felt nervous when he gave a speech in class.(他在课堂上演讲时感到很紧张。)
67
calm
平静的;冷静的
Keep calm when you face difficulties.(面对困难时要保持冷静。)
68
Is he/she/it...?
他/她/它是……吗?
Is he your brother?(他是你的哥哥吗?)
69
Are you/we/they...?
你/我们/他们是……吗?
Are you ready for the exam?(你准备好考试了吗?)
70
Yes, he/she/it is.
是的,他/她/它是。
Is this your book? Yes, it is.(这是你的书吗?是的,它是。)
71
No, he/she/it isnt.
不,他/她/它不是。
Is that your teacher? No, he isnt.(那是你的老师吗?不,他不是。)
72
Yes, we/you/they are.
是的,我们/你们/他们是。
Are these your classmates? Yes, they are.(这些是你的同班同学吗?是的,他们是。)
73
No, we/you/they arent.
不,我们/你们/他们不是。
Are those your pens? No, they arent.(那些是你的钢笔吗?不,它们不是。)
74
Im not...
我不是……
Im not from Shanghai. Im from Beijing.(我不是来自上海。我来自北京。)
75
He/She/It isnt...
他/她/它不是……
She isnt a doctor. She is a nurse.(她不是医生。她是一名护士。)
76
We/You/They arent...
我们/你们/他们不是……
They arent in the same class.(他们不在同一个班。)
77
Whats... like?
……怎么样?
Whats your new school like?(你的新学校怎么样?)
78
How is...?
……怎么样?
How is your grandfather? Is he well?(你爷爷身体怎么样?他还好吗?)
79
How are things?
事情进展得怎么样?
Hi, Tom! How are things with you recently?(嗨,汤姆!你最近情况怎么样?)
80
Hows it going?
最近过得怎么样?
Hows it going? I havent seen you for a long time.(最近过得怎么样?我好久没见你了。)
81
Not much.
没什么特别的。
A: Hows it going? B: Not much. Just busy with study.(A:最近过得怎么样?B:没什么特别的。只是忙于学习。)
82
Pretty good.
相当好。
A: Hows your summer holiday? B: Pretty good. I travelled to Qingdao.(A:你的暑假过得怎么样?B:相当好。我去青岛旅行了。)
83
Could you repeat that?
你能再说一遍吗?
I didnt hear you clearly. Could you repeat that?(我没听清你说的话。你能再说一遍吗?)
84
Pardon?
请再说一遍(没听清时用)
Pardon? I cant catch what you said.(请再说一遍?我没听清你说的话。)
85
Sorry?
对不起;请再说一遍(没听清时用)
Sorry? Could you speak more slowly?(请再说一遍?你能说得慢一点吗?)
86
speak
说;讲(某种语言)
She can speak English and Chinese.(她会说英语和汉语。)
87
slowly
慢慢地
Please speak slowly. Im still learning English.(请说得慢一点。我还在学英语。)
88
clearly
清楚地
He speaks clearly so that everyone can understand him.(他说话很清楚,所以每个人都能听懂他说的话。)
89
loudly
大声地
Please dont speak loudly in the library.(请不要在图书馆里大声说话。)
90
quietly
安静地
We should read quietly in the reading room.(我们应该在阅览室里安静地看书。)
91
time
时间;时刻
What time is it now?(现在几点了?)
92
its time for...
是时候做……了
Its time for class. Lets go back to the classroom.(是时候上课了。我们回教室吧。)
93
its time to...
是时候做……了
Its time to go to bed. You have to get up early tomorrow.(是时候睡觉了。你明天得早起。)
94
bed
床
Go to bed early and get up early. Its good for your health.(早睡早起。这对你的健康有好处。)
95
go to bed
上床睡觉
I usually go to bed at 9 oclock in the evening.(我通常晚上9点上床睡觉。)
96
wake up
醒来
I wake up at 6:30 every morning.(我每天早上6点30分醒来。)
97
early
早的;提早的
He gets up early every day to exercise.(他每天早起锻炼。)
98
late
晚的;迟的
Dont go to bed too late. Its bad for your eyes.(不要睡得太晚。这对你的眼睛不好。)
99
hurry up
快点;赶紧
Hurry up! The bus is coming.(快点!公交车来了。)
100
come on
快点;加油
Come on! You can finish the task on time.(加油!你能按时完成任务的。)
101
wait
等待;等候
Please wait for me at the school gate.(请在校门口等我。)
102
for
为了;给;对于
This gift is for you. Happy birthday!(这份礼物是给你的。生日快乐!)
103
give
给;给予
She gave me a beautiful flower.(她给了我一朵漂亮的花。)
104
receive
收到;得到
I received a letter from my pen pal yesterday.(我昨天收到了笔友的一封信。)
105
send
发送;寄
I will send you an email this evening.(我今晚给你发一封电子邮件。)
106
email
电子邮件
You can contact me by email.(你可以通过电子邮件联系我。)
107
call
打电话;称呼
I will call you when I arrive at the airport.(我到达机场后会给你打电话。)
108
phone
电话;打电话
He gave me a phone call last night.(他昨晚给我打了一个电话。)
109
address
地址
Can you tell me your home address?(你能告诉我你的家庭地址吗?)
110
number
号码;数字
Whats your phone number?(你的电话号码是多少?)
111
remember
记住;记得
I cant remember his name.(我记不起他的名字了。)
112
forget
忘记
Dont forget to bring your textbook tomorrow.(明天别忘了带你的教科书。)
113
miss
想念;错过
I miss my parents very much when I am at school.(我在学校时非常想念我的父母。)
114
hope
希望;期望
I hope we can meet again soon.(我希望我们能很快再次见面。)
115
wish
祝愿;希望
Best wishes for your future.(祝你未来一切顺利。)
116
dream
梦想;做梦
My dream is to travel around the world.(我的梦想是环游世界。)
117
believe
相信;认为
I believe you can do it well.(我相信你能把它做好。)
118
think
认为;想
I think English is very important.(我认为英语非常重要。)
119
know
知道;了解
Do you know the answer to this question?(你知道这个问题的答案吗?)
120
understand
理解;明白
I dont understand what you said. Can you explain it again?(我不明白你说的话。你能再解释一遍吗?)
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