1.被动语态-2025-2026学年英语期末语法复习八年级上册（鲁教版五四制）

期末语法复习 8上（旧）·鲁教版（五四制）·被动语态 一、被动语态的核心用法详解 考点一：被动语态的基本结构 规则：被动语态的基本结构为“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”，be动词的形式需根 据时态和主语的人称、数进行变化。 真题再现（鲁教五四制8上期末真题改编）： English by many people around the world. A)speak B)speaks C)is spoken D)spoke 答案：C 解析：主语English是动作承受者，需用被动语态的基本结构is spoken。 例题练习： The letter(write)by my brother yesterday. 答案：was written 解析：时间状语yesterday表明用一般过去时被动语态。 考点二：主动语态变被动语态的方法 规则：将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”形式， 主动语态的主语由by引出（可省略）。 真题再现（句型转换）： We clean the classroom every day.(改为被动语态) The classroom_by us every day. 答案：is cleaned 解析：宾语the classroom变主语，clean变为is cleaned.。 考点三：不同时态的被动语态 规则：一般现在时被动语态为“am/is/are+过去分词”；一般过去时为“was/wereH过去 分词”；一般将来时为“will be+-过去分词”或“be going to be+过去分词”。 真题再现（选择）： A new hospital in our city next year. A)builds B)will build C)will be built D)built 答案：C 解析：时间状语next year表明用一般将来时被动语态。 例题练习： These photos_(take)by my father last summer. 答案：were taken 解析：时间状语last summer表明用一般过去时被动语态。 考点四：含有情态动词的被动语态 规则：含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。 真题再现（语法填空）： The work(can finish)in two hours. 答案：can be finished 解析：情态动词can后接be finished构成被动结构。 考点五：被动语态的否定句和疑问句 规则：被动语态的否定句在be动词或情态动词后加not:疑问句将be动词或情态动词 提到主语前。 真题再现（句型转换）： The meeting will be held tomorrow.(改为否定句) The meeting held tomorrow. 答案：will not 解析：在情态动词wl后直接加not构成否定。 例题练习： Rice is grown in the south.(改为一般疑问句) rice in the south? 答案：Is grown 解析：将be动词is提前至句首构成疑问句。 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.Many trees_in our school every year. A)plant B)planted C)are planted D)were planted 2.A new bridge_across the river next month. A)builds B)will build C)is built D)will be built 3.The homeworkby Tom yesterday A)finishes B)finished C)was finished D)is finished 4.This storybook in English. A)can read B)can be read C)reads D)is reading 5.the classroom cleaned every day? A)Does B)Is C)Are D)Will 6.The letter by my father now. A)writes B)is writing C)is written D)wrote (二)语法填空 1.The flowers_(water)by my mother every morning 2.This song(sing)by many students last week 3.A new library(build)in our city next year 4.The problem_(can solve)easily. 5.These books(not take)out of the library. (三)句型转换 1.We speak English in class.(改为被动语态) English in class by us 2.They will finish the work tomorrow.（改为否定句) The work_tomorrow 3.He wrote the letter yesterday.(改为被动语态) The letter_by him yesterday. 4.The children should clean the room.(改为被动语态) The room_ by the children 5.Rice is grown in the south.（改为一般疑问句) rice in the south? (四)篇章填空 Tom's birthday party was 1.(hold)last Sunday.Many friends came and gifts 2.(give)to him.The cake 3.(make)by his mother.Some games 4.(play)and songs 5.(sing).A good time 6.(have)by everyone.Tom said the party 7.(can forget)forever. (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.C2.D3.C4.B5.B6.C 2.语法填空答案： 1.are watered 2.was sung 3.will be built 4.can be solved 5.are not taken 3.句型转换答案： 1.is spoken 2.will not be finished 3.was written 4.should be cleaned 5.Is,grown 4.篇章填空答案： 1.held 2.were given 3.was made 4.were played 5.were sung 6.was had 7. couldn't be forgotten 英语语法复习手册·8上（旧）·鲁教版（五四制）·被动语态