摘要:
该初中英语知识清单全面梳理了Unit 7 The natural world的核心内容,涵盖自然生态(雨林、珊瑚礁等)、环境问题(污染、栖息地丧失)、保护行动(减少、再利用、回收)等范畴,搭建了从基础词汇到功能句型的递进式学习支架。
清单按“词汇-短语-句型”分类构建知识体系,如将“ecosystem”“biodiversity”等核心词汇与“protect...from...”“take action”等短语关联,结合“湿地被称为‘地球之肾’”等生动例句,培养学生语言能力与环保意识。特别设计中英对照例句强化应用,如“Coral reefs support thousands of marine species”帮助理解词汇功能,不同水平学生可高效记忆,教师可据此设计情境教学,提升课堂实效。
内容正文:
Unit 7 The natural world 核心词汇、短语和句型背记
序号
词汇、短语和句型
意思
例句(中英对照)
1
natural
自然的;天然的
We should protect the natural environment for wildlife.(我们应该为野生动物保护自然环境。)
2
world
世界;自然界
The natural world is full of wonders and surprises.(自然界充满了奇迹和惊喜。)
3
ecosystem
生态系统
Every ecosystem has its own living and non-living things.(每个生态系统都有自己的生物和非生物。)
4
rainforest
雨林
Half of the worlds animals and plants live in rainforests.(世界上一半的动植物生活在雨林中。)
5
coral reef
珊瑚礁
Coral reefs support a lot of life in a small area.(珊瑚礁在小范围内维系着大量生物的生存。)
6
grassland
草原;草地
Grasslands often lie between deserts and forests.(草原通常位于沙漠和森林之间。)
7
polar ice
极地冰
Polar ice is home to polar bears and penguins.(极地冰是北极熊和企鹅的家园。)
8
desert
沙漠
Deserts are dry and have huge temperature differences day and night.(沙漠干燥,昼夜温差极大。)
9
wetland
湿地
Wetlands are called the "kidneys" of the earth.(湿地被称为“地球之肾”。)
10
forest
森林
Forests are known as the "lungs" of the earth.(森林被称为“地球之肺”。)
11
ocean
海洋
The ocean covers about 71% of the earths surface.(海洋覆盖了地球表面约71%的面积。)
12
balance
平衡;均衡
Ecosystems help keep the balance of nature.(生态系统有助于维持自然平衡。)
13
pollution
污染
Ocean pollution is harmful to marine life.(海洋污染对海洋生物有害。)
14
protect
保护;防护
We must protect ecosystems from human damage.(我们必须保护生态系统免受人类破坏。)
15
survive
生存;存活
Its hard for some animals to survive in polluted areas.(一些动物在污染区域很难存活。)
16
support
支撑;维系
Coral reefs support thousands of marine species.(珊瑚礁维系着数千种海洋物种。)
17
produce
产生;生产
Ocean plants produce about 70% of the earths oxygen.(海洋植物产生地球上约70%的氧气。)
18
oxygen
氧气
Forests and oceans provide us with fresh oxygen.(森林和海洋为我们提供新鲜氧气。)
19
carbon dioxide
二氧化碳
Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.(植物吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。)
20
trap
吸收;捕捉
Trees trap pollution in their leaves to clean the air.(树木通过叶片吸收污染物来净化空气。)
21
prevent
预防;阻止
Wetlands can prevent floods by storing water.(湿地通过蓄水可以预防洪水。)
22
flood
洪水;泛滥
Heavy rains may cause floods in low-lying areas.(暴雨可能导致低洼地区洪水泛滥。)
23
store
储存;储藏
Desert plants store water in their roots and leaves.(沙漠植物在根和叶中储存水分。)
24
get rid of
清除;去除
Wetland plants help get rid of water pollution.(湿地植物有助于清除水污染。)
25
habitat
栖息地;住处
Cutting down trees destroys animals natural habitat.(砍伐树木破坏了动物的自然栖息地。)
26
species
物种;种类
Many rare species are in danger of disappearing.(许多珍稀物种面临灭绝的危险。)
27
climate
气候
Climate change affects ecosystems around the world.(气候变化影响着全球的生态系统。)
28
change
变化;改变
Global climate change is melting polar ice.(全球气候变化正在融化极地冰。)
29
damage
损害;破坏
Human activities often damage natural ecosystems.(人类活动常常破坏自然生态系统。)
30
harm
伤害;危害
Plastic waste in the ocean harms marine animals.(海洋中的塑料垃圾伤害海洋动物。)
31
reuse
重复使用;再利用
We can reuse bottles to reduce waste.(我们可以重复使用瓶子以减少浪费。)
32
reduce
减少;降低
We should reduce deforestation to protect forests.(我们应该减少森林砍伐以保护森林。)
33
recycle
回收利用
Recycling paper helps save trees and forests.(回收纸张有助于拯救树木和森林。)
34
environment
环境
Protecting the environment is everyones duty.(保护环境是每个人的责任。)
35
wildlife
野生动物
Wetlands provide food and shelter for wildlife.(湿地为野生动物提供食物和庇护所。)
36
rare
稀有的;珍贵的
Zhalong Nature Reserve is home to rare birds.(扎龙自然保护区是珍稀鸟类的家园。)
37
reserve
保护区;保留
We set up nature reserves to protect rare species.(我们建立自然保护区来保护珍稀物种。)
38
destroy
破坏;毁灭
Deforestation destroys forest ecosystems.(森林砍伐破坏森林生态系统。)
39
preserve
保护;维护
We need to preserve wetlands for future generations.(我们需要为后代保护湿地。)
40
make up
组成;构成
Forests make up nearly a third of the earths land area.(森林约占地球陆地面积的三分之一。)
41
play a role
发挥作用;扮演角色
Every ecosystem plays an important role in nature.(每个生态系统在自然界中都发挥着重要作用。)
42
keep the balance
保持平衡
All living things help keep the balance of ecosystems.(所有生物都有助于维持生态系统的平衡。)
43
take in
吸收;吸入
Plants take in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.(植物在光合作用中吸收二氧化碳。)
44
be home to
是……的家园
The ocean is home to countless marine creatures.(海洋是无数海洋生物的家园。)
45
in danger
处于危险中
Many ecosystems are in danger due to pollution.(许多生态系统因污染而处于危险中。)
46
due to
由于;因为
Some species are dying out due to habitat loss.(一些物种因栖息地丧失而灭绝。)
47
lead to
导致;引起
Deforestation can lead to soil erosion.(森林砍伐会导致水土流失。)
48
cut down
砍伐;削减
People should not cut down trees randomly.(人们不应该随意砍伐树木。)
49
lose ones habitat
失去栖息地
Animals lose their habitat when forests are destroyed.(森林被破坏时,动物就会失去栖息地。)
50
protect...from...
保护……免受……
Trees protect small animals from strong winds.(树木保护小动物免受大风侵袭。)
51
take action
采取行动
Its time for us to take action to protect ecosystems.(是时候我们采取行动保护生态系统了。)
52
set up
建立;设立
The government set up many nature reserves.(政府建立了许多自然保护区。)
53
care about
关心;在乎
We should care about the future of natural ecosystems.(我们应该关心自然生态系统的未来。)
54
marine
海洋的;海生的
Marine ecosystems are sensitive to pollution.(海洋生态系统对污染很敏感。)
55
sensitive
敏感的;易受影响的
Coral reefs are sensitive to water temperature changes.(珊瑚礁对水温变化很敏感。)
56
soil erosion
水土流失
Planting trees can prevent soil erosion.(植树可以防止水土流失。)
57
photosynthesis
光合作用
Photosynthesis helps plants produce food and oxygen.(光合作用帮助植物产生食物和氧气。)
58
freshwater
淡水的;淡水
Freshwater ecosystems include lakes and rivers.(淡水生态系统包括湖泊和河流。)
59
lake
湖泊
Lakes are important freshwater ecosystems.(湖泊是重要的淡水生态系统。)
60
river
河流
Rivers provide water for many plants and animals.(河流为许多动植物提供水源。)
61
pond
池塘
Small ponds are simple but complete ecosystems.(小池塘是简单但完整的生态系统。)
62
continent
大陆;洲
Ecosystems vary from continent to continent.(各大洲的生态系统各不相同。)
63
vary
变化;不同
The climate varies in different ecosystems.(不同生态系统的气候各不相同。)
64
adapt
适应;适合
Animals adapt to changes in their ecosystems.(动物适应生态系统的变化。)
65
adapt to
适应
Some plants can adapt to dry desert conditions.(一些植物能适应干燥的沙漠环境。)
66
condition
条件;状况
Desert animals can survive in harsh conditions.(沙漠动物能在恶劣条件下生存。)
67
harsh
严酷的;恶劣的
The Arctic has harsh weather conditions.(北极有着严酷的天气条件。)
68
purify
净化;使纯净
Forests help purify the air we breathe.(森林帮助净化我们呼吸的空气。)
69
breathe
呼吸;吸气
We breathe the oxygen produced by plants.(我们呼吸植物产生的氧气。)
70
shelter
庇护所;遮蔽处
Forests provide shelter for birds and animals.(森林为鸟类和动物提供庇护所。)
71
food chain
食物链
Every link in the food chain is important.(食物链中的每个环节都很重要。)
72
link
环节;联系
Plants are an important link in the food chain.(植物是食物链中的重要环节。)
73
energy
能量;能源
Plants get energy from the sun.(植物从太阳获取能量。)
74
sunlight
阳光;日光
Sunlight is necessary for plant growth.(阳光是植物生长所必需的。)
75
growth
生长;成长
Good soil and water promote plant growth.(肥沃的土壤和充足的水分促进植物生长。)
76
promote
促进;推动
Protecting ecosystems promotes sustainable development.(保护生态系统促进可持续发展。)
77
sustainable
可持续的;能长期维持的
We should pursue sustainable development.(我们应该追求可持续发展。)
78
development
发展;开发
Economic development should not harm ecosystems.(经济发展不应损害生态系统。)
79
economic
经济的;经济上的
Economic activities often affect the natural world.(经济活动常常影响自然界。)
80
affect
影响;作用
Pollution affects both plants and animals.(污染对植物和动物都有影响。)
81
waste
浪费;废弃物
Reducing waste helps protect ecosystems.(减少浪费有助于保护生态系统。)
82
plastic
塑料;塑料的
Plastic waste is a big threat to ocean ecosystems.(塑料垃圾是海洋生态系统的一大威胁。)
83
threat
威胁;恐吓
Habitat loss is a major threat to wildlife.(栖息地丧失是野生动物的主要威胁。)
84
major
主要的;重大的
We need to solve major problems of ecosystem damage.(我们需要解决生态系统破坏的重大问题。)
85
solve
解决;解答
Scientists are trying to solve ecosystem problems.(科学家们正努力解决生态系统问题。)
86
scientist
科学家
Scientists study ecosystems to protect them better.(科学家研究生态系统以更好地保护它们。)
87
study
研究;学习
We should study the relationship between humans and ecosystems.(我们应该研究人类与生态系统的关系。)
88
relationship
关系;联系
There is a close relationship between humans and nature.(人类与自然之间有着密切的关系。)
89
close
密切的;紧密的
Ecosystems and human life have a close connection.(生态系统与人类生活有着紧密的联系。)
90
connection
联系;关联
We should strengthen the connection between protecting ecosystems and daily life.(我们应该加强保护生态系统与日常生活的联系。)
91
strengthen
加强;巩固
We need to strengthen efforts to protect wetlands.(我们需要加强保护湿地的力度。)
92
effort
努力;尝试
Everyones small effort can protect ecosystems.(每个人的小小努力都能保护生态系统。)
93
An ecosystem includes all living and non-living things in an area.
生态系统包括一个区域内所有的生物和非生物。
An ecosystem includes trees, animals, water and soil in a forest.(森林生态系统包括树木、动物、水和土壤。)
94
... play an important role in maintaining ecological balance.
……在维持生态平衡中发挥重要作用。
Oceans play an important role in maintaining ecological balance.(海洋在维持生态平衡中发挥重要作用。)
95
... is home to thousands of species.
……是数千种物种的家园。
The Amazon Rainforest is home to thousands of species.(亚马逊雨林是数千种物种的家园。)
96
Plants help (to) clean the air by taking in carbon dioxide.
植物通过吸收二氧化碳帮助净化空气。
Forests help clean the air by taking in carbon dioxide.(森林通过吸收二氧化碳帮助净化空气。)
97
Its important to protect wetlands from pollution.
保护湿地免受污染很重要。
Its important to protect wetlands from pollution and destruction.(保护湿地免受污染和破坏很重要。)
98
Due to climate change, many ecosystems are changing.
由于气候变化,许多生态系统正在发生变化。
Due to climate change, polar ice ecosystems are shrinking.(由于气候变化,极地冰生态系统正在缩小。)
99
We should reduce waste and reuse resources to protect ecosystems.
我们应该减少浪费、重复利用资源来保护生态系统。
We should reduce waste and reuse resources to protect ecosystems.(我们应该减少浪费、重复利用资源来保护生态系统。)
100
Human activities like cutting down trees can damage ecosystems.
砍伐树木等人类活动会破坏生态系统。
Human activities like cutting down trees can damage forest ecosystems.(砍伐树木等人类活动会破坏森林生态系统。)
101
Wetlands can prevent floods and purify water.
湿地可以预防洪水并净化水源。
Wetlands can prevent floods and purify water naturally.(湿地可以自然地预防洪水并净化水源。)
102
If we dont protect ecosystems, many species will disappear.
如果我们不保护生态系统,许多物种将会消失。
If we dont protect coral reefs, many marine species will disappear.(如果我们不保护珊瑚礁,许多海洋物种将会消失。)
103
Forests produce oxygen and trap harmful pollutants.
森林产生氧气并吸收有害污染物。
Forests produce oxygen and trap harmful pollutants in the air.(森林产生氧气并吸收空气中的有害污染物。)
104
The ocean holds plenty of water and regulates the earths temperature.
海洋储存大量水分并调节地球温度。
The ocean holds plenty of water and regulates the earths temperature.(海洋储存大量水分并调节地球温度。)
105
Ecosystems are interconnected and affect each other.
生态系统相互关联、相互影响。
Terrestrial and marine ecosystems are interconnected and affect each other.(陆地和海洋生态系统相互关联、相互影响。)
106
We can take part in volunteer activities to clean up ecosystems.
我们可以参加志愿活动来清理生态系统。
We can take part in volunteer activities to clean up lake ecosystems.(我们可以参加志愿活动来清理湖泊生态系统。)
107
Protecting ecosystems means protecting our own living environment.
保护生态系统意味着保护我们自己的生存环境。
Protecting ecosystems means protecting our own living environment.(保护生态系统意味着保护我们自己的生存环境。)
108
Many rare animals depend on wetlands for survival.
许多珍稀动物依靠湿地生存。
Red-crowned cranes depend on wetlands for survival.(丹顶鹤依靠湿地生存。)
109
Deforestation not only destroys habitats but also causes climate change.
森林砍伐不仅破坏栖息地,还会导致气候变化。
Deforestation not only destroys habitats but also causes climate change.(森林砍伐不仅破坏栖息地,还会导致气候变化。)
110
We should plant more trees to improve forest ecosystems.
我们应该多种树来改善森林生态系统。
We should plant more trees to improve forest ecosystems.(我们应该多种树来改善森林生态系统。)
111
Its everyones responsibility to care for the natural world.
关爱自然界是每个人的责任。
Its everyones responsibility to care for the natural world.(关爱自然界是每个人的责任。)
112
Ecosystems provide us with food, water and fresh air.
生态系统为我们提供食物、水和新鲜空气。
Ecosystems provide us with food, water and fresh air we need.(生态系统为我们提供所需的食物、水和新鲜空气。)
113
With the joint efforts of humans, damaged ecosystems can recover.
在人类的共同努力下,受损的生态系统可以恢复。
With the joint efforts of humans, damaged wetland ecosystems can recover.(在人类的共同努力下,受损的湿地生态系统可以恢复。)
114
Joint efforts
共同努力
Joint efforts are needed to protect global ecosystems.(保护全球生态系统需要共同努力。)
115
Recover
恢复;复原
It takes time for damaged ecosystems to recover.(受损的生态系统需要时间才能恢复。)
116
Global
全球的;全世界的
Global ecosystem protection is a common task.(全球生态系统保护是一项共同任务。)
117
Common
共同的;普通的
Protecting nature is a common goal of all humans.(保护自然是全人类的共同目标。)
118
Goal
目标;目的
Our goal is to build a harmonious relationship with nature.(我们的目标是与自然建立和谐的关系。)
119
Harmonious
和谐的;融洽的
Humans should live in harmony with ecosystems.(人类应该与生态系统和谐共处。)
120
Live in harmony with
与……和谐共处
We should learn to live in harmony with the natural world.(我们应该学会与自然界和谐共处。)
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