专题04 Unit1-5常考点和易错点串讲2025-2026学年英语人教版八年级上册期末复习

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit1-5的常考点与易错点，涵盖24个核心词汇（如breath、remind）及13组易混语法点（如boring与bored），搭建从词汇用法解析到易错点对比辨析的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“用法+例句+精准练”三维呈现知识点，如“remind”配三种搭配及翻译练习，易错点设对比表格（如look for与find的动作/结果辨析），培养学生语言能力与思维品质，不同基础学生可高效掌握要点，教师可据此优化教学活动，提升课堂实效。

.0Unit1-5常考点和易错点串讲 目录 常考知识点 2 1、 breath 2 2、 nothing 2 3、 remind 2 4、 sick 3 5、 ready 3 6、 against 4 7、 forget 5 8、 invite 5 10、until 6 11、compare 7 12、popular 8 13、imagine 8 14、without 9 15、disappointed 10 16、mess 10 17、dream 11 18、fill 11 19、secret 11 20、whenever 12 21、separate 12 22、expect 13 23、touch 14 24、protect 15 常考易错点 16 考点1、boring与bored（ed形容词与ing形容词） 16 考点2、look for与find 16 考点3、so that与so...that与such...that 17 考点4、pay、spend、take、cost 19 考点5、alone、lonely 20 考点6、attend、join、join in、take part in 25 考点7、loud，aloud 与loudly 26 考点8、besides, except, but 与except for 27 考点9、borrow、lend、keep 27 考点10、pleasure, pleasant 与pleased 28 考点11、population 29 考点12、less, fewer 与 more 29 考点13、lively、alive、living 与live 30 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 常考知识点 1、 breath (1). n.呼吸的空气；一口气 常考搭配： out of breath 上气不接下气 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸；屏息静气 take a (deep) breath (深)吸一口气 拓展：breathe v.呼吸 （2） take sb.’s breath away 令人惊叹；让人叹绝 精准练： When something stressful happens, we often can’t help taking a deep _________ at first. 当有压力的事情发生时，我们往往会先忍不住深吸一口气。 【答案】breath 2、nothing （1）nothing pron.没有任何东西；没有事 （2）nothing 为不定代词，表示否定意义，相当于 not...anything。 精准练： I have nothing to worry about.= I ______ have ___________ to worry about. 我没有什么可担心的。 【答案】don’t; anything 3、remind ① remind sb. of sb/sth 使某人想起某人/某物 This song always reminds me of my grandma. 这首歌总是使我想起我的奶奶。 ② remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 She reminded me not to make mistakes again. 她提醒我不要再犯错了。 ③ remind sb.＋that从句　提醒某人…… The picture reminds us that the war is terrible. 这幅画提醒我们战争是可怕的。 精准练： （1）Remind me __________ (phone) Alan before I go out. （2）I reminded him __________ the danger of catching cold, but he didn’t notice that. （3）I want to __________ __________ __________ taking care of your health is a must. 我想要提醒你呵护自己的健康是必须的。 【答案】1. to phone 2. of 3.remind you that 4、sick (1) adj. 生病的；有病的 在句中可作定语或表语。 ▲ They bought some toys for the sick children. 他们给生病的孩子们买了一些玩具。 ▲ He looked after me all night when I was sick. 我生病时他整夜照顾我。 （2）adj. 恶心的 在句中通常作表语。 ▲ The taste of the food was so bad that it made me feel sick. 食物的味道太糟糕了，让我感到恶心。 5、ready （1）ready adj.准备好的；现成的；adv.已做完；已完成 含义 常用搭配 例句 准备好的 be/get ready for sth./to do sth. 为……做好准备 ▲ Are You ready for the  competition? 你为这次竞赛做好准备了吗？ 愿意的 be ready to do sth. 乐意做某事  ▲ He is always ready to help his friends. 他总是乐于帮助他的朋友。 （2）表示“为……做准备”还可以用 be ready for,它与 prepare for 的区别如下： 短语 用法 例句 be ready for 强调状态，表示已经准备好。 ▲ I’m ready for the speech. 我为这次演讲测做好了准备。 prepare for  强调动作，常用于进行时，表示正在准备。 ▲ I’m preparing for the English test. 我正在为这次英语测试做准备。 【拓展】be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事 精准练： （1）Are you r _________to answer my questions? Listen to the first question, please. （2）I’m not ready _________ (start) anything new. （3）The neighbours are always _________ (will) to lend a hand. 【答案】1. ready 2. to start 3. willing 6、 against against prep.“反对；与……相反；紧靠”，还可意为“以……为背景；衬托”。 常见搭配： （1）be against... 反对…… （2）stand against...靠着……站着 （3）play/fight/act against... 与……比赛/斗争（作战） （4）against the setting sun /blue sky /green trees 在落日/ 蓝天/ 绿树的映衬下 精准练： （1）The painting looks beautiful a __________the background of the mountains. （2）The book is leaning __________ (靠着) the wall. （3）与会的每个人都反对这个计划。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. against 2.against 3. Everyone present at the meeting was against the plan. 7、 forget forget 作及物动词，意为“忘记；遗忘”。 常见用法： （1）forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（本应该做某事，却忘了做。即：没做某事） ▲ I forgot to take my bag when I left the meeting hall. 我离开会议厅时忘了拿包。 （2）forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已经做过某事，但是忘了。即：做过某事） ▲ Did you forget getting lost in the forest? 你忘记在森林里迷路的事情了吗？ 精准练： （1）Don’t forget _________ (turn) off the light when you leave the room. （2）I forgot __________ (water) the flowers. So when I got back home, I watered them a second time. （3）我忘了我用多少钱买的这东西。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________ （4）我和新同学建立了良好的关系，我永远不会忘记这段快乐的经历。 I built a good relationship with my new classmates, and I will never _______ _______ _______ ________. 【答案】1. to turn 2. watering 3. I forgot how much I spent on this thing. 4.forget this happy experience 8、 invite invite 动词，意为“邀请”。 常见用法： （1） invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 Who should we invite to the party?我们应该邀请谁来(参加)聚会呢? （2） invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 They have invited me to go to Paris with them,他们邀请我和他们一同去巴黎。 （3） invite sb. for sth. 为某事邀请某人 Why don’t you invite her for a drink at the club one evening?你何不找个晚上邀请她到俱乐部喝一杯? invite 的名词形式为 invitation 精准练： 1. Thanks for_______(invite) me to your house. 2. Thanks for your______(invite). 3. We invited him______(join) us to practice speaking English. 4. After the wonderful movie, she invited me back______a drink.     A. to                      B. for                       C. with 5. -Why are you so excited?   -Nancy invited me______on a trip to the Sun Island just now.     A. to go                    B. go                      C. going 6. -I would like to invite you______the______of our new library at No.1 Middle School.    -I’d love to.     A. to, opening               B. for, open               C. with, opening 7. Here is the ______(invite). Please come to my birthday party on time. 8. Mom, can I invite my friends______(come) here? 【答案】1.inviting 2. invitation 3. to join 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. invitation 8. to come 9、 plan plan 动词，意为“计划”。 词性 用法 例句 动词 plan to do sth. 计划、打算做某事 plan for (sth.) 为....做计划 ▲ When do you plan to take your holiday? 你计划什么时候休假? ▲ What are your plans for the holiday? 你假期的计划是什么? 名词 make plans/a plan (to do sth./for sth.) 制定计划 ▲ We will make a good plan to improve my study, 我将制订一个好计划来提高我的学习(成绩)。 精准练： 1. After the long trip, my family______(plan) to have a good rest. 2. -Winter vacation is coming. What will you do to enjoy it?    -I haven’t（还没有）made a plan_______it till now.     A. to                      B. for                      C. at 3. I was too sleepy, and I______ go to bed at once.     A. planned              B. planned for            C. planned to 4. Parents are______(plan) for their children’s future. 5. This afternoon, we made a plan_______(build) a new bridge over this river. 6. 昨晚，我们为圣诞晚会做了计划。 We___________the Christmas party last night. 【答案】1.planned 2. B 3. C 4. planning 5. to build 6. planned for/made a plan for 10、until （1） 作介词，意为“直到……为止”谓语动词为延续性动词时，常用于肯定句；谓语动词为非延续性动词时，常用于否定句，即“not..until...”，意为“直到……才。 ▲ He did not come until i left the hotel. 直到我离开旅馆他才来。 （2） 作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“直到…为止” ▲ We waited for her until she came back. 我们一直等她,直到她回来。 精准练： （1）Rose cooks meals at home on Sundays. She never eats _______ her mother comes back and they’d like to enjoy the meals together. A. until B.when C. after 【解析】根据空后的 they’d like to enjoy the meals together 可知此处表示“直到她妈妈回来才吃”,空 前有 never,空处用 until。故选 A项。 【答案】A 11、compare 短语 用法 例句 compare A with B 把A和B作比较 （同类相比） ▲ Don’t always compare yourself with others。 不要总是将你自己与他人相比。 compare A to B 把A比作B （异类相比） ▲ He compared children to happy birds。 他把孩子们比喻成幸福的鸟儿。 compared with  意为“和……相比较”为过去分词短语,在句中可视为独立成分。 ▲ Compared with Boston, Los Angeles is larger. 与波士顿相比,洛杉矶更大。 精准练： 一、用to或with填空。 1. Compare this new TV ___________ the old one, and you will see which is better.  2. Children are always hopeful. We often compare them _________ the rising sun.  【答案】1. with 2.to 12、popular (1) popular 作形容词 意为“流行的、广受欢迎的” 短语 例句 be popular with，意为“受……的欢迎 ▲ He is popular with our classmates.  他在我们班里有人缘。 （2）popular作形容词，意为“民众的;大众的” ▲ Popular education is one of our major objectives. 民众教育是我们的主要目标之一。 ▲ He speaks in popular language.  他用通俗的语言讲话。 【拓展】 popularity作名词，意为“普及,流行;大众化”。例如： ▲ Golf has gained popularity among the wealthy in my country. 高尔夫球已在我国富有的人中流行起来。 ▲ The popularity of private cars is changing the people’s life style. 私家车的普及正在改变着人们的生活方式。 精准练： 1、Hua Hua - a panda at Chengdu Giant Panda Base is _______ because of her cute looks. A. popular B. public C. proper D. private 2、Running is getting p . It is good for our health and it costs nothing. 3、这部电影很受学生欢迎。你知道原因吗？ The movie _________ _________ _________ students. Do you know the reason? 【答案】1. A 2. popular 3. is popular with 13、imagine imagine 作动词 意为“想象” 常考搭配： （1） imagine sth. 想象某物/事 ▲ Can you imagine the life on a lonely island? 你能想象在一座荒岛上的生活吗? （2） imagine (sb). doing sth. 想象(某人)做某事 ▲ Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floors swept. 想象一下,醒来时发现一杯咖啡已经准备好,地板已经打扫干净。 （3） imagine +that 从句 想象 ▲ Imagine that you have just won a million pounds. 想象一下你刚刚赢得一百万英镑。 精准练： 1、I couldn’t ________ what else he has to say. Everyone knows that’s a lie. A. suppose B. imagine C. realize D. consider 2、-Tom, can you ____________ (想象) the life of humans on Mars in the future? -I think it must be amazing. 3、I imagine her __________ (study) hard for the exam. 4、我想象他站在山顶，眺望远方的景色。（翻译句子） 【答案】1. B 2. imagine 3. studying 4.I imagine him standing on the top of the mountain, looking at the scenery in the distance. 14、without without 为介词，意为“没有；不(做某事)”，后接名词、代词(宾格)或动名词作宾语。其反义词为 with。 ▲ Did you know it’s also possible to send messages without making a noise? 你知道在不发出噪声的情况下发送信息也是可能的吗? 精准练： 用without或with填空。 1.Humans can not make progress         dreams.  2. She wrote the letter ___ a pen. A. with  B. at  C. on 3. I am going to the park ___ my friends. A. at  B. with  C. on 4. The man ___ blue eyes is my uncle. A. with  B. at  C. on 【答案】1. without 2. A 3. B 4. A 15、disappointed 由“disappoint(”使失望;使破灭)-ed(后缀)”构成 常见搭配： （1） be disappointed with/in sb./sth.对某人/事失望 ▲ I’m disappointed in you. I thought I could trust you. 你真让我失望, 我原以为我可以相信你的。 （2） be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事失望 ▲ She was disappointed at the end result. 她对最终结果感到失望。 （3） be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望 ▲ He was disappointed to find the museum closed. 他发现博物馆闭馆了, 感到很失望。 （4） disappointed 与disappointing disappointed失望的;沮丧的”,通常表示人的主观感受。 ▲ Why does Jack look so disappointed? 为什么杰克看上去如此沮丧? disappointing“令人失望的;令人沮丧的”,通常表示事物自身具备的性质。 ▲ Because he heard some disappointing news. 因为他听到了一些令人失望的消息。 精准练： 1. My brother seemed d when he found out he didn’t pass the test. 2. It was _______________ (disappoint) that he refused to help his classmates in the singing competition. 3. 她极力掩饰她是多么失望。 She tried not to show ____________ ____________ she was. 【答案】1.disappointed 2. disappointing 3. how ; disappointed 16、mess 常用单数形式。 （1） make a mess 搞得一团糟(表示动作) ▲ Everyone loves my dog Coffee, though he often makes a mess at home. 每个人都喜欢我的狗—咖啡,尽管它经常把家里弄得一团糟。 （2） be in a mess 杂乱不堪;陷入困境（表示状态） ▲ All the rooms are in a mess. 所有的房间都杂乱不堪。 精准练： 1.Mom will be mad if she sees the room . 【答案】in a mess 17、dream （1）【可数名词】梦想;梦 ▲ Her dream is to make a movie. 她的梦想是要拍一部电影。 ▲ I had lots of dreams last night. 昨晚我做了很多梦。 （2）【动词】做梦;梦见;梦想 → 过去式为 dreamt 或 dreamed dream of doing sth.梦想做某事 ▲ She dreamed of becoming a chef. 她梦想成为一名大厨。 ▲ I dreamt about you last night. 我昨晚梦到你了。 精准练： 1.Many young people dream of (become) basketball stars. 【答案】becoming 18、fill （1）【动词】(使)充满;装满。 ▲ Smoke filled the room. 房间里烟雾弥漫。 （3） 【形容词】意为“满的;充满的”, 反义词为 empty (adj.空的)。 be filled with 充满…= be full of。 ▲ After hearing the exciting news, she got so excited that her eyes were filled with (= were full of) tears. 听到这个激动人心的消息后,她激动得热泪盈眶。 精准练： 1. The library is always ____ knowledge and quietness. A. full with B. filled of C. full of D. filled by 2. 花园里充满了鲜花的香气。（完成句子） The garden ____ ____ ____ the sweet smell of flowers. 3. 同义句转换： His speech was filled with encouragement. →His speech ____ ____ ____ encouragement. 4. 孩子们的脸上充满了笑容。（翻译） The children’s faces ____ ____ ____ smiles. 【答案】1. C 2. is full of/is filled with 3. was full of 4. are full of / are filled with 19、secret （1）【名词】诀窍；秘密 the secret to / of (doing) sth. (做)某事的秘诀 keep a/the secret 保守秘密 ▲ Congratulations! Can you share your secret to learning? 恭喜你!你能分享一下你的学习秘诀吗? ▲ You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success. 人务必相信自我,那是成功的秘诀。 ▲ I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to myself. 我答应李明我会保守这个秘密。 （2）【形容词】秘密的;隐秘的→ secretly【副词】秘密地 ▲ These cookies are made according to a secret recipe.这些曲奇饼是根据一个秘方做的。 ▲ I knew he cared for me secretly.我知道他在偷偷地关心我。 精准练： 依我之见，多阅读是提高语言能力的秘诀之一。(secret) In my opinion,reading more is one of improving your language ability. 【答案】the secrets of / to 20、whenever 词性 用法 例句 副词连词 引导时间状语从句,不可与no matter when 互换 ▲ I feel free and peaceful whenever I ride. 每次骑行,我都会感到自由和宁静。 连词 引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when ▲ You can ask for help whenever you need it. 你如果需要帮助随时可以提出来。 【拓展】类似词 whatever = no matter what 无论什么 whichever= no matter which无论哪个 wherever =no matter where 无论在哪里 whoever =no matter who无论谁 however=no matter how无论如何 精准练： 1、W_________ the weather is nice, we go for a walk. 2、Whenever I have free time, I like to read books.（同义句转换） _________ _________ _________ I have free time, I like to read books. 3、每当下雨的时候，我总是带伞。 ___________ ________ ________ , I always take my umbrella. 【答案】1. Whenever / When 2. No matter when 3. Whenever it rains 21、separate （1）【形容词】单独的;分开的 go one’s separate ways 分道扬镳；断绝关系；分道而行；分手 ▲ The book contains twelve separate stories. 这本书包含 12 个独立的故事。 ▲ When the game is over, you’ll all go your separate ways. 比赛结束后,你们就要各奔东西。 （2）【动词】(使)分开;(使)分离 separate from 分离,分散. separate A from B 把A和B分开 ▲ Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. 朋友在我们的生活中很重要，但有时我们不得不与朋友分开。 ▲ A large river separates the north of the city from the south. 一条大河把这个城市南北分开。 辨separate 与divide 单词 用法 例句 separate 把原来连在一起或靠近的人或物分离开来,常与from 连用。 ▲ The branch has separated from the trunk of the tree. 这个树枝已从树干上脱落了。 divide 把一个整体分成几个部分,常与into 连用。 ▲ A year is divided into four seasons.一年分为四季 精准练： 1. The little girl got (separate) from the group in the dark. 2. Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have one-year-old twins at the head. A . isolated    B. separated C. divided      D. removed 【答案】1. separated 2. B 22、expect expect v. “预料；期待；猜想”，可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。 expect 的常见用法： （1） expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 ▲ I expect him to help me with my English. 我期待他在英语方面帮助我。 （2） expect + that 从句 期待或预计某件事情发生 ▲ We expect that he will come back soon. 我们期待他能很快回来。 （3） expect + 反身代词 + 不定式 期望自己做某事 ▲ He expects himself to get good grades in the test. 他期待自己考试取得好成绩。 （4）unexpected 是形容词，意为“意外的；出乎意料的”。 ▲ The sudden rain was completely unexpected. 这场突如其来的雨完全是意料之外的。 精准练： 1、The composer created Learn from the Role Model Lei Feng, but he didn’t ___________ (预料) the song would be enjoyed by many people for more than 60 years. 2、Teachers expect all their students _________ progress day by day. A. make B. to make C. to take D. take 3、人们期待人工智能成为更强大的生产工具。 People ________ AI ________ ________ a more powerful production tool. 【答案】1. expect 2. B 3. expect ; to be 23、touch touch 动词，意为“触动；触碰；感动”; ▲ Don’t touch the animals in the zoo. 在动物园里不要触摸动物 常见用法： touch on/upon 意为“谈及；提及”。 ▲ The report touched on several important issues. 这篇报告提及了几个重要问题。 touch 还可作名词，意为“触；触感”; 固定搭配： （1）keep in touch (with) 保持联系 ▲ We keep in touch by email. 我们通过电子邮件保持联系。 （2）out of touch (with) 失去联系 ▲ I feel out of touch with modern fashion. 我觉得与现代时尚脱节了。 相关词形：touching adj. 感人的 ▲ The movie has a touching ending. 这部电影有一个感人的结局。 精准练： 1、-Dear, put the knives out of the kids’ _______! -OK. I’ll do it right away. It’s quite necessary to keep safe. A. touch B. feeling C. look 2、在我们科学课上，老师提及了动物这个话题。 The teacher _________ _________ the topic of animals in our science class. 3. 我每周都通过电话和爷爷奶奶保持联系。 I _________ _________ _________ _________ my grandparents by phone every week. 【答案】1. A 2. touched on 3. keep in touch with 24、protect protect v. 意为“保护；防护”。 常用短语： protect the environment 保护环境 protect sb./sth. from... 保护某人/某物免遭…… protect 的名词形式为protection，意为“保护”。 精准练： 1、Wearing a helmet gives us good head ___________ (protect). 2、We should p___________our teeth by brushing them twice a day. 3、太阳镜可以保护我们的眼睛免受强烈阳光的照射。 Sunglasses can ___________ our eyes ___________ the bright sunlight. 【答案】1. protection 2. protect 3. protect ; from 常考易错点 考点1、boring与bored（ed形容词与ing形容词） bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 常用搭配： （1）get/ be/ look bored 感到/看上去无聊 （2）be bored with/of 对……感到厌倦 相关词形： （1）boring adj. 令人厌倦的 （2）bore v. 使厌烦 bore sb. 使某人厌烦/厌倦 用法 例句 ed 常作表语，一般用来形容“人”的感受，表示“感到……的”。 ▲ The boring movie makes me bored. 这部无聊的电影使我感到无聊。 ing 常作表语和定语，一般用来形容“物”本身具有的性质，表示“令人……的”。 ▲ The boring movie makes me bored. 这部无聊的电影使我感到无聊。 【拓展】常见类似的ed与ing形容词 interesting 令人有趣的 interested 感到有趣的；有趣的 amazing 令人惊奇的 amazed 感到惊奇的 surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的 relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的 exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的;激动的 boring 没趣的;令人厌倦的 bored 感到厌倦的;烦闷的 moving 令人感动的 moved 受感动的(被……感动) disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的 精准练： 1、There were several young people sitting around, looking __________ (无聊的). 2、She found her job very __________ (bore). 3、I don’t want __________ (bore) you with the housework. 【答案】1. bored 2. boring 3. to bore 考点2、look for与find 用法 例句 look for 意为“寻找”,强调“寻找”这一动作,但不一定能找到。 ▲ Lily looked for her keys everywhere. 莉莉到处找她的钥匙。 find 意为“找到;发现”,强调“找到”这一结果 ▲ But she didn’t find them. 但是没找到。 find out 着重表示通过理解、分析、思考等“弄清楚，查明”一件事情。 ▲ He tried to find out whether social media has a positive or negative effect on children. 他试图弄清社交媒体对孩子们有积极影响还是消极影响。 【拓展】look 构成的动词短语还有： look after 照顾；照料 look like 看上去像 look forward to 盼望；期待 look around 环顾；游览 精准练： 1、Vivian always looks __________ new ways to learn about the history. 2、The two countries are looking forward to __________ (improve) their relationship. 3、My dog is ill. My friend Jenny agrees to help me __________ __________ （照顾） my dog. 【答案】1. for 2. improving 3. look after 考点3、so that与so...that与such...that 用法 例句 so...that 意为“如此；以至于”引导结果状语从句，so后接形容词或副词，可与too...to结构互换 ▲ He got up so late that he missed the plane. 他起得如此晚，以至于错过了飞机。 such...that 意为“如此；以至于”引导结果状语从句，such后接名词。 ▲ It is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 这本书如此有趣，以至于我们都喜欢看。 so that 意为“以便；为了”引导目的状语从句，可与in order that互换。 ▲ We get up early so that we can catch the first bus. 我们早起是为了能赶上第一班公交车。 【注意】 such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that+从句=so+adj+a/an+可数名词单数+that+从句 （many、much、few、little修饰名词时，需要用so） 精准练： 一、用so或such填空 1. He was ______ tired that he fell asleep soon. 2. Miss Wang is _______a good teacher that all of us love and respect her. 3. She is ________kind a girl that  she has many friends. 4. It’s ______ an interesting film that we all love it. 5. The song is _______popular that most people can sing it. 6. There is _______ much milk in the fridge that you don't need to buy it. 二、选择题 7.The basketball match was ________ exciting ________ I shouted again and again. A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．too; but 8.The box is ________ heavy for me ________ carry. A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．enough; that 【答案】1.so 2.such 3.so 4.such 5.so 6.so 7. B 8.A 考点4、pay、spend、take、cost 用法 例句 spend 主语通常是人 sb. spends time/money doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 spends time/money on sth. 某人在某事/某物上花费时间)金钱 take 通常用it 作形式主语 It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多长时间 pay 主语通常是人 sb. pays some money for sth. 人为某物花费多少钱 cost 主语通常是物 sth. costs sb. some money某物花费某人多少钱 ▲ My mom said I should spend more time playing outside. 我妈妈说我应该多花些时间在户外玩耍。 ▲ I spent 100 yuan on the present.我花了100 元买这件礼物。 ▲ It took me 20 minutes to get to school.我花了20分钟到达学校。 ▲ We paid 150 yuan for the meal.这顿饭我们花了 150 元。 ▲ The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan.这个书包花了我50 元。 精准练： 1.I have to____them 20 pounds for this room each month. A. pay  B.paid  C.cost  D.took 2.They spend too much time____the report. A.writing  B.to write  C.on writing  D. write 3.-What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be expensive. -No，they only____l0 yuan. A.spent  B.took  C.paid  D.cost 4.-Will you please____for my dinner, Peter? -Sure!  A. spend  B.pay  C.cost  D.take 5.It will____me too much time to read this book. A. take  B.cost  C.spend  D.pay 【答案】1-5 : A A D B A  考点5、alone、lonely 词性 词义 作用 用法 例句 alone 形容词 单独的; 独自的 常作表语 强调客观情况， 数量只有一个 ▲ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. 他独自生活, 介并不感到孤独。 副词 单独; 独自 常作状语 ▲ She was alone in the dark room. 她独自一人待在那间黑暗的屋里。 lonely 形容词 孤独的; 寂寞的 常作表语 强调主观感受指心灵上的孤独 ▲ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. 他独自生活, 介并不感到孤独。 偏僻的; 荒凉的 在名词前作定语 用来说明地方荒凉 ▲ It’s a lonely beach. 这是个荒凉的岛屿。 精准练： 1、Sara was there listening to the radio. She just wanted to be ________（单独）for a change. 2、有时他独自待在河边看日落。 Sometimes he _________ _________ by the river to watch the sunset. 【答案】1. alone 2. stays alone 考点6、attend、join、join in、take part in 用法 例句 attend “参加、出席”正式用语，指参加会议，婚礼、葬礼、典礼等。 ▲ Jenny was so busy that she didn’t attend the meeting yesterday. 珍妮昨天太忙了,所以没有参加会议。 join 加入某个党派、团体、组织等；并成为其中一员。表短暂性的动作，不与表示一段时间的状语连用。 ▲ I joined the club when I was 10. 我10岁时加入了这个俱乐部。 join in 多指参加小规模的活动如游戏、比赛等 ▲ We’re playing football. Come and join in. 我们正在踢足球，来加入吧。 take part in 指参加会议或群体性的活动 ▲ Students can take part in different activities to learn something new. 学生可以参加不同的活动来学习新知识。 精准练： 选择适当的词汇填空 attend, join, join in, take part in (1) My parents often __________ important meetings at work. (2) I want to __________ the school’s basketball team. (3) Everyone is welcome to _______________________ the discussion. (4) I _________________________ the school’s science fair last year. 【答案】1. attend 2.join 3. join in/take part in 4. attended/took part in 考点7、loud，aloud 与loudly 易混词 用法 loud 形容词 意为“大声的” 副词 意为“大声地；响亮地”，强调声音响亮。 aloud 副词 意为“大声地；出声地”，强调为了使人听见而发声，音量不一定大，常与read 等词连用。无比较级和最高级形式。 loudly 副词 意为“大声地；喧闹地”，可形容人声、敲门声或其他声音。是loud（大声的）的副词形式 ▲ Can you speak louder? I can’t hear clearly. 你能说大声点吗? 我听不清。 ▲ He read the letter aloud to us. 他把信大声念给我们听。 ▲ The audience laughed loudly at the joke. 观众听到这笑话大笑起来。 ▲ Do you have to play that music so loud? 你非得把音乐放那么响吗？ 精准练： 1、Please read a_______to improve your pronunciation while learning English. 2、I heard someone knocking at the door _________ (loud). 3、The teacher listened to the children reading _______. A. loudly B. loud C. aloud D. quiet 4、事实胜于雄辩。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________ 【答案】1. Aloud 2. loudly 3. C 4. Actions speak louder than words. 考点8、besides, except, but 与except for besides 指“包括后者在内”，常与other，also 等词连用。 except 指“不包括后者在内”，其后可接不定式作宾语。当其前的动词是实义动词do 及其变化形式时，不定式常省去to。 but 指“不包括后者在内”，常和all，nobody 等不定代词连用，有时可与except 互换。 except for 意为“除去……之外；只是”，表示对人或事物先做出总体评价，然后就其局部提出看法，所排除的不是同一范畴的东西。 ▲ What other languages do you know besides English? 除了英语之外, 你还懂什么其他语言？ ▲ He gets up early every day except Sunday. 除了星期日之外, 他每天都早起。 ▲ I couldn’t do anything except just sit down and hope. 我除了坐在那儿盼着，什么也做不了。 ▲ Everybody was invited to the evening party but/except me. 除我之外, 所有人都被邀请参加了那场晚会。 ▲Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了几处拼写错误外，你的作文非常好。 精准练： 1、______ English, we also learn math and Chinese at school. A. Except B. Besides C. Except for D. But 2、I have some other friends b_________ you. 3、除了学习，我还喜欢踢足球。 __________ __________, I also enjoy playing football. 【答案】1. B 2. besides 3. Besides ; studying 考点9、borrow、lend、keep borrow 借；借入（主语借进） borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物 lend 借给；借出（主语借出） lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人 keep 保存；保留 keep sth. for some time 借用某物一段时间 ▲ Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it tome. He told me that I could keep it for a week. 尼克从图书馆借了一本书，然后把它借给了我。他告诉我我可以借看一周。 精准练： 1.If you want to use my bike, you can _______ it from me. A. borrow   B. lend    C. keep    D. take    2. I will _______ you my book when I finish reading it. A. borrow    B. lend    C. keep    D. give   3. How long can I _______ the library book? A. borrow   B. lend    C. keep    D. get    4. He _______ some money from his friend to buy a new phone. A. borrowed   B. lent   C. kept   D. took    5. Can you _______ me your pen? Mine is out of ink. A. borrow   B. lend    C. keep    D. bring    【答案】1-5: ABCAB 考点10、pleasure, pleasant 与pleased pleasure n. “愉快；高兴；满意；乐事”，多用于口语 pleasant adj. “令人高兴的；令人愉快的”，一般指天气、时间、旅行等令人感到高兴、愉快 pleased adj. “高兴的；愉快的”，表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快，其后常常带介词with ▲ Reading books is one of my greatest pleasures. 读书是我最大的乐事之一。 ▲ Watching cartoons gives me great pleasure. 看动画片给我带来很大的乐趣。 ▲ We spent a very pleasant evening. 我们度过了一个很愉快的夜晚。 ▲ I am pleased that you have a new job. 我很高兴你有了一份新工作。 ▲ It is a pleasure to welcome you to our home. 很高兴欢迎您来我们家。 精准练： pleasure, pleasant, pleased (1)My parents were very __________ with my grades. (2) I had a __________ chat with my teacher after class. (3) It’s a __________ to help others. 【答案】1. pleased 2. pleasant 3. pleasure 考点11、population （1）表示人口“多”要用large 修饰, 而不用 much/many; 表示人口“少”要用small 修饰, 而不用 little/few。 （2）population 作可数名词，意为“人口”，常与定冠词the 连用。作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。 （3）当主语表示“人口的百分之几或几分之几”时，谓语动词多用复数形式。 （4）population 多以单数形式出现，指某个国家、地区或城市的人口。若以复数形式出现，则指世界不同地区的人口。 表示“某地有多少人口”有两种表达方式： （1）The population of + 某地+ is + 数词. （2）某地+ has a population of + 数词. 询问“某地有多少人口”要用 what 或 how large 提问： “What’s the population of+ 地点？”或“How large is the population of+ 地点？”。 ▲ In many countries, the population is mainly concentrated in the cities. 在许多国家，人口主要集中在城市里。 ▲ Many parts of the world have become deserts now, but they once had large populations and produced plenty of crops. 世界上许多地区曾经人口众多, 五谷丰登, 而如今却成了沙漠。 ▲ The population of China is about 1.4 billion. = China has a population of about 1.4 billion. 中国大约有14 亿人口。 ▲ What’s the population of Germany? = How large is the population of Germany? 德国的人口是多少? ▲ 10,000 years ago, the world’s population was very small. 一万年前, 世界人口很少。 精准练： 1. The p________ of India is growing quickly. 2. -________ is the population of your city? -Over five million. 3. 北京有2100 多万人口。 Beijing has ________ ___________ _______ over 21 million people. 4. 中国人口众多。 China has _________ _________ ___________. 【答案】1. population 2. What 3. a population of 4. a large population 考点12、less, fewer 与 more less “更少”，little 的比较级，修饰不可数名词。  ▲ You’d better eat less junk food.  你最好少吃些垃圾食品。 fewer “更少”，few 的比较级，修饰可数名词复数。 ▲  I have fewer books than my brother.  我的书比我哥哥的少。 more “更多”，many/much的比较级，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。 ▲ I want to have more friends and money. 我想拥有更多的朋友和金钱。 精准练： 1、-If there are ________ people driving, there will be ________ air pollution. -Yes, and the air will be fresher. A. less; less B. less; fewer C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less 2、-Can you give me some advice on how to be slimmer? -Eat ________ (little) meat and ________ (few) cakes. 3、After eating the healthy snacks, I wanted ________ (few) cookies and ________ (much) fruit, and I felt ________ (little) hungry. 4、我今天的作业比昨天少。（翻译句子） 【答案】1. D 2. less ; fewer 3. few ; more ; less 4. I have less homework today than yesterday. 考点13、lively、alive、living 与live lively “精力充沛的；生机勃勃的；（色彩）鲜艳的”，修饰人或物，常作定语或表语。 alive “活着的”，反义词dead。修饰人或动植物，常作表语或补语。 living “活着的”，修饰人或物，常作定语，作表语时相当于alive。 live “活的；现场直播的（读作/laɪv/）”，修饰人或动植物，一般作前置定语。 ▲ She is such a lively girl that we all like her. 她是个如此活泼的女孩，以至于我们都喜欢她。 ▲ Our teacher gave us a lively description of the event.对于这个事件，我们的老师给我们做了生动的描述。 ▲ The colour of the works is lively. 这些作品的色彩很鲜艳。 ▲ Are your grandparents still alive? 你的祖父母还健在吗？ ▲ Both plants and animals are living things. 动植物都是生物。 ▲ He bought some live fish. 他买了几条活鱼。 精准练： 1、-Mr Black always makes his class ______ and keeps his students interested in class. -What a successful teacher he is! A. boring B. lovely C. lively D. slowly 2、活泼的孩子们观看了一场现场直播的自然节目，看到了他们生活环境中活生生的动物。 The _________ children watched a _________ nature show, seeing _________ animals in their _________ environment. 【答案】1. C 2. lively ; live ; living ; living $Unit1-5常考点和易错点串讲 目录 常考知识点 2 1、 breath 2 2、 nothing 2 3、 remind 2 4、 sick 3 5、 ready 3 6、 against 4 7、 forget 5 8、 invite 5 10、until 6 11、compare 7 12、popular 8 13、imagine 8 14、without 9 15、disappointed 10 16、mess 10 17、dream 11 18、fill 11 19、secret 11 20、whenever 12 21、separate 12 22、expect 13 23、touch 14 24、protect 15 常考易错点 16 考点1、boring与bored（ed形容词与ing形容词） 16 考点2、look for与find 16 考点3、so that与so...that与such...that 17 考点4、pay、spend、take、cost 19 考点5、alone、lonely 20 考点6、attend、join、join in、take part in 25 考点7、loud，aloud 与loudly 26 考点8、besides, except, but 与except for 27 考点9、borrow、lend、keep 27 考点10、pleasure, pleasant 与pleased 28 考点11、population 29 考点12、less, fewer 与 more 29 考点13、lively、alive、living 与live 30 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 常考知识点 1、 breath (1). n.呼吸的空气；一口气 常考搭配： out of breath 上气不接下气 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸；屏息静气 take a (deep) breath (深)吸一口气 拓展：breathe v.呼吸 （2） take sb.’s breath away 令人惊叹；让人叹绝 精准练： When something stressful happens, we often can’t help taking a deep _________ at first. 当有压力的事情发生时，我们往往会先忍不住深吸一口气。 2、nothing （1）nothing pron.没有任何东西；没有事 （2）nothing 为不定代词，表示否定意义，相当于 not...anything。 精准练： I have nothing to worry about.= I ______ have ___________ to worry about. 我没有什么可担心的。 3、remind ① remind sb. of sb/sth 使某人想起某人/某物 This song always reminds me of my grandma. 这首歌总是使我想起我的奶奶。 ② remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 She reminded me not to make mistakes again. 她提醒我不要再犯错了。 ③ remind sb.＋that从句　提醒某人…… The picture reminds us that the war is terrible. 这幅画提醒我们战争是可怕的。 精准练： （1）Remind me __________ (phone) Alan before I go out. （2）I reminded him __________ the danger of catching cold, but he didn’t notice that. （3）I want to __________ __________ __________ taking care of your health is a must. 我想要提醒你呵护自己的健康是必须的。 4、sick (1) adj. 生病的；有病的 在句中可作定语或表语。 ▲ They bought some toys for the sick children. 他们给生病的孩子们买了一些玩具。 ▲ He looked after me all night when I was sick. 我生病时他整夜照顾我。 （2）adj. 恶心的 在句中通常作表语。 ▲ The taste of the food was so bad that it made me feel sick. 食物的味道太糟糕了，让我感到恶心。 5、ready （1）ready adj.准备好的；现成的；adv.已做完；已完成 含义 常用搭配 例句 准备好的 be/get ready for sth./to do sth. 为……做好准备 ▲ Are You ready for the  competition? 你为这次竞赛做好准备了吗？ 愿意的 be ready to do sth. 乐意做某事  ▲ He is always ready to help his friends. 他总是乐于帮助他的朋友。 （2）表示“为……做准备”还可以用 be ready for,它与 prepare for 的区别如下： 短语 用法 例句 be ready for 强调状态，表示已经准备好。 ▲ I’m ready for the speech. 我为这次演讲测做好了准备。 prepare for  强调动作，常用于进行时，表示正在准备。 ▲ I’m preparing for the English test. 我正在为这次英语测试做准备。 【拓展】be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事 精准练： （1）Are you r _________to answer my questions? Listen to the first question, please. （2）I’m not ready _________ (start) anything new. （3）The neighbours are always _________ (will) to lend a hand. 6、 against against prep.“反对；与……相反；紧靠”，还可意为“以……为背景；衬托”。 常见搭配： （1）be against... 反对…… （2）stand against...靠着……站着 （3）play/fight/act against... 与……比赛/斗争（作战） （4）against the setting sun /blue sky /green trees 在落日/ 蓝天/ 绿树的映衬下 精准练： （1）The painting looks beautiful a __________the background of the mountains. （2）The book is leaning __________ (靠着) the wall. （3）与会的每个人都反对这个计划。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7、 forget forget 作及物动词，意为“忘记；遗忘”。 常见用法： （1）forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（本应该做某事，却忘了做。即：没做某事） ▲ I forgot to take my bag when I left the meeting hall. 我离开会议厅时忘了拿包。 （2）forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已经做过某事，但是忘了。即：做过某事） ▲ Did you forget getting lost in the forest? 你忘记在森林里迷路的事情了吗？ 精准练： （1）Don’t forget _________ (turn) off the light when you leave the room. （2）I forgot __________ (water) the flowers. So when I got back home, I watered them a second time. （3）我忘了我用多少钱买的这东西。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________ （4）我和新同学建立了良好的关系，我永远不会忘记这段快乐的经历。 I built a good relationship with my new classmates, and I will never _______ _______ _______ ________. 8、 invite invite 动词，意为“邀请”。 常见用法： （1） invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 Who should we invite to the party?我们应该邀请谁来(参加)聚会呢? （2） invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 They have invited me to go to Paris with them,他们邀请我和他们一同去巴黎。 （3） invite sb. for sth. 为某事邀请某人 Why don’t you invite her for a drink at the club one evening?你何不找个晚上邀请她到俱乐部喝一杯? invite 的名词形式为 invitation 精准练： 1. Thanks for_______(invite) me to your house. 2. Thanks for your______(invite). 3. We invited him______(join) us to practice speaking English. 4. After the wonderful movie, she invited me back______a drink.     A. to                      B. for                       C. with 5. -Why are you so excited?   -Nancy invited me______on a trip to the Sun Island just now.     A. to go                    B. go                      C. going 6. -I would like to invite you______the______of our new library at No.1 Middle School.    -I’d love to.     A. to, opening               B. for, open               C. with, opening 7. Here is the ______(invite). Please come to my birthday party on time. 8. Mom, can I invite my friends______(come) here? 9、 plan plan 动词，意为“计划”。 词性 用法 例句 动词 plan to do sth. 计划、打算做某事 plan for (sth.) 为....做计划 ▲ When do you plan to take your holiday? 你计划什么时候休假? ▲ What are your plans for the holiday? 你假期的计划是什么? 名词 make plans/a plan (to do sth./for sth.) 制定计划 ▲ We will make a good plan to improve my study, 我将制订一个好计划来提高我的学习(成绩)。 精准练： 1. After the long trip, my family______(plan) to have a good rest. 2. -Winter vacation is coming. What will you do to enjoy it?    -I haven’t（还没有）made a plan_______it till now.     A. to                      B. for                      C. at 3. I was too sleepy, and I______ go to bed at once.     A. planned              B. planned for            C. planned to 4. Parents are______(plan) for their children’s future. 5. This afternoon, we made a plan_______(build) a new bridge over this river. 6. 昨晚，我们为圣诞晚会做了计划。 We___________the Christmas party last night. 10、until （1） 作介词，意为“直到……为止”谓语动词为延续性动词时，常用于肯定句；谓语动词为非延续性动词时，常用于否定句，即“not..until...”，意为“直到……才。 ▲ He did not come until i left the hotel. 直到我离开旅馆他才来。 （2） 作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“直到…为止” ▲ We waited for her until she came back. 我们一直等她,直到她回来。 精准练： （1）Rose cooks meals at home on Sundays. She never eats _______ her mother comes back and they’d like to enjoy the meals together. A. until B.when C. after 11、compare 短语 用法 例句 compare A with B 把A和B作比较 （同类相比） ▲ Don’t always compare yourself with others。 不要总是将你自己与他人相比。 compare A to B 把A比作B （异类相比） ▲ He compared children to happy birds。 他把孩子们比喻成幸福的鸟儿。 compared with  意为“和……相比较”为过去分词短语,在句中可视为独立成分。 ▲ Compared with Boston, Los Angeles is larger. 与波士顿相比,洛杉矶更大。 精准练： 一、用to或with填空。 1. Compare this new TV ___________ the old one, and you will see which is better.  2. Children are always hopeful. We often compare them _________ the rising sun.  12、popular (1) popular 作形容词 意为“流行的、广受欢迎的” 短语 例句 be popular with，意为“受……的欢迎 ▲ He is popular with our classmates.  他在我们班里有人缘。 （2）popular作形容词，意为“民众的;大众的” ▲ Popular education is one of our major objectives. 民众教育是我们的主要目标之一。 ▲ He speaks in popular language.  他用通俗的语言讲话。 【拓展】 popularity作名词，意为“普及,流行;大众化”。例如： ▲ Golf has gained popularity among the wealthy in my country. 高尔夫球已在我国富有的人中流行起来。 ▲ The popularity of private cars is changing the people’s life style. 私家车的普及正在改变着人们的生活方式。 精准练： 1、Hua Hua - a panda at Chengdu Giant Panda Base is _______ because of her cute looks. A. popular B. public C. proper D. private 2、Running is getting p . It is good for our health and it costs nothing. 3、这部电影很受学生欢迎。你知道原因吗？ The movie _________ _________ _________ students. Do you know the reason? 13、imagine imagine 作动词 意为“想象” 常考搭配： （1） imagine sth. 想象某物/事 ▲ Can you imagine the life on a lonely island? 你能想象在一座荒岛上的生活吗? （2） imagine (sb). doing sth. 想象(某人)做某事 ▲ Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floors swept. 想象一下,醒来时发现一杯咖啡已经准备好,地板已经打扫干净。 （3） imagine +that 从句 想象 ▲ Imagine that you have just won a million pounds. 想象一下你刚刚赢得一百万英镑。 精准练： 1、I couldn’t ________ what else he has to say. Everyone knows that’s a lie. A. suppose B. imagine C. realize D. consider 2、-Tom, can you ____________ (想象) the life of humans on Mars in the future? -I think it must be amazing. 3、I imagine her __________ (study) hard for the exam. 4、我想象他站在山顶，眺望远方的景色。（翻译句子） 14、without without 为介词，意为“没有；不(做某事)”，后接名词、代词(宾格)或动名词作宾语。其反义词为 with。 ▲ Did you know it’s also possible to send messages without making a noise? 你知道在不发出噪声的情况下发送信息也是可能的吗? 精准练： 用without或with填空。 1.Humans can not make progress         dreams.  2. She wrote the letter ___ a pen. A. with  B. at  C. on 3. I am going to the park ___ my friends. A. at  B. with  C. on 4. The man ___ blue eyes is my uncle. A. with  B. at  C. on 15、disappointed 由“disappoint(”使失望;使破灭)-ed(后缀)”构成 常见搭配： （1） be disappointed with/in sb./sth.对某人/事失望 ▲ I’m disappointed in you. I thought I could trust you. 你真让我失望, 我原以为我可以相信你的。 （2） be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事失望 ▲ She was disappointed at the end result. 她对最终结果感到失望。 （3） be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望 ▲ He was disappointed to find the museum closed. 他发现博物馆闭馆了, 感到很失望。 （4） disappointed 与disappointing disappointed失望的;沮丧的”,通常表示人的主观感受。 ▲ Why does Jack look so disappointed? 为什么杰克看上去如此沮丧? disappointing“令人失望的;令人沮丧的”,通常表示事物自身具备的性质。 ▲ Because he heard some disappointing news. 因为他听到了一些令人失望的消息。 精准练： 1. My brother seemed d when he found out he didn’t pass the test. 2. It was _______________ (disappoint) that he refused to help his classmates in the singing competition. 3. 她极力掩饰她是多么失望。 She tried not to show ____________ ____________ she was. 16、mess 常用单数形式。 （1） make a mess 搞得一团糟(表示动作) ▲ Everyone loves my dog Coffee, though he often makes a mess at home. 每个人都喜欢我的狗—咖啡,尽管它经常把家里弄得一团糟。 （2） be in a mess 杂乱不堪;陷入困境（表示状态） ▲ All the rooms are in a mess. 所有的房间都杂乱不堪。 精准练： 1.Mom will be mad if she sees the room . 17、dream （1）【可数名词】梦想;梦 ▲ Her dream is to make a movie. 她的梦想是要拍一部电影。 ▲ I had lots of dreams last night. 昨晚我做了很多梦。 （2）【动词】做梦;梦见;梦想 → 过去式为 dreamt 或 dreamed dream of doing sth.梦想做某事 ▲ She dreamed of becoming a chef. 她梦想成为一名大厨。 ▲ I dreamt about you last night. 我昨晚梦到你了。 精准练： 1.Many young people dream of (become) basketball stars. 18、fill （1）【动词】(使)充满;装满。 ▲ Smoke filled the room. 房间里烟雾弥漫。 （3） 【形容词】意为“满的;充满的”, 反义词为 empty (adj.空的)。 be filled with 充满…= be full of。 ▲ After hearing the exciting news, she got so excited that her eyes were filled with (= were full of) tears. 听到这个激动人心的消息后,她激动得热泪盈眶。 精准练： 1. The library is always ____ knowledge and quietness. A. full with B. filled of C. full of D. filled by 2. 花园里充满了鲜花的香气。（完成句子） The garden ____ ____ ____ the sweet smell of flowers. 3. 同义句转换： His speech was filled with encouragement. →His speech ____ ____ ____ encouragement. 4. 孩子们的脸上充满了笑容。（翻译） The children’s faces ____ ____ ____ smiles. 19、secret （1）【名词】诀窍；秘密 the secret to / of (doing) sth. (做)某事的秘诀 keep a/the secret 保守秘密 ▲ Congratulations! Can you share your secret to learning? 恭喜你!你能分享一下你的学习秘诀吗? ▲ You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success. 人务必相信自我,那是成功的秘诀。 ▲ I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to myself. 我答应李明我会保守这个秘密。 （2）【形容词】秘密的;隐秘的→ secretly【副词】秘密地 ▲ These cookies are made according to a secret recipe.这些曲奇饼是根据一个秘方做的。 ▲ I knew he cared for me secretly.我知道他在偷偷地关心我。 精准练： 依我之见，多阅读是提高语言能力的秘诀之一。(secret) In my opinion,reading more is one of improving your language ability. 20、whenever 词性 用法 例句 副词连词 引导时间状语从句,不可与no matter when 互换 ▲ I feel free and peaceful whenever I ride. 每次骑行,我都会感到自由和宁静。 连词 引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when ▲ You can ask for help whenever you need it. 你如果需要帮助随时可以提出来。 【拓展】类似词 whatever = no matter what 无论什么 whichever= no matter which无论哪个 wherever =no matter where 无论在哪里 whoever =no matter who无论谁 however=no matter how无论如何 精准练： 1、W_________ the weather is nice, we go for a walk. 2、Whenever I have free time, I like to read books.（同义句转换） _________ _________ _________ I have free time, I like to read books. 3、每当下雨的时候，我总是带伞。 ___________ ________ ________ , I always take my umbrella. 21、separate （1）【形容词】单独的;分开的 go one’s separate ways 分道扬镳；断绝关系；分道而行；分手 ▲ The book contains twelve separate stories. 这本书包含 12 个独立的故事。 ▲ When the game is over, you’ll all go your separate ways. 比赛结束后,你们就要各奔东西。 （2）【动词】(使)分开;(使)分离 separate from 分离,分散. separate A from B 把A和B分开 ▲ Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. 朋友在我们的生活中很重要，但有时我们不得不与朋友分开。 ▲ A large river separates the north of the city from the south. 一条大河把这个城市南北分开。 辨separate 与divide 单词 用法 例句 separate 把原来连在一起或靠近的人或物分离开来,常与from 连用。 ▲ The branch has separated from the trunk of the tree. 这个树枝已从树干上脱落了。 divide 把一个整体分成几个部分,常与into 连用。 ▲ A year is divided into four seasons.一年分为四季 精准练： 1. The little girl got (separate) from the group in the dark. 2. Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have one-year-old twins at the head. A . isolated    B. separated C. divided      D. removed 22、expect expect v. “预料；期待；猜想”，可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。 expect 的常见用法： （1） expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 ▲ I expect him to help me with my English. 我期待他在英语方面帮助我。 （2） expect + that 从句 期待或预计某件事情发生 ▲ We expect that he will come back soon. 我们期待他能很快回来。 （3） expect + 反身代词 + 不定式 期望自己做某事 ▲ He expects himself to get good grades in the test. 他期待自己考试取得好成绩。 （4）unexpected 是形容词，意为“意外的；出乎意料的”。 ▲ The sudden rain was completely unexpected. 这场突如其来的雨完全是意料之外的。 精准练： 1、The composer created Learn from the Role Model Lei Feng, but he didn’t ___________ (预料) the song would be enjoyed by many people for more than 60 years. 2、Teachers expect all their students _________ progress day by day. A. make B. to make C. to take D. take 3、人们期待人工智能成为更强大的生产工具。 People ________ AI ________ ________ a more powerful production tool. 23、touch touch 动词，意为“触动；触碰；感动”; ▲ Don’t touch the animals in the zoo. 在动物园里不要触摸动物 常见用法： touch on/upon 意为“谈及；提及”。 ▲ The report touched on several important issues. 这篇报告提及了几个重要问题。 touch 还可作名词，意为“触；触感”; 固定搭配： （1）keep in touch (with) 保持联系 ▲ We keep in touch by email. 我们通过电子邮件保持联系。 （2）out of touch (with) 失去联系 ▲ I feel out of touch with modern fashion. 我觉得与现代时尚脱节了。 相关词形：touching adj. 感人的 ▲ The movie has a touching ending. 这部电影有一个感人的结局。 精准练： 1、-Dear, put the knives out of the kids’ _______! -OK. I’ll do it right away. It’s quite necessary to keep safe. A. touch B. feeling C. look 2、在我们科学课上，老师提及了动物这个话题。 The teacher _________ _________ the topic of animals in our science class. 3. 我每周都通过电话和爷爷奶奶保持联系。 I _________ _________ _________ _________ my grandparents by phone every week. 24、protect protect v. 意为“保护；防护”。 常用短语： protect the environment 保护环境 protect sb./sth. from... 保护某人/某物免遭…… protect 的名词形式为protection，意为“保护”。 精准练： 1、Wearing a helmet gives us good head ___________ (protect). 2、We should p___________our teeth by brushing them twice a day. 3、太阳镜可以保护我们的眼睛免受强烈阳光的照射。 Sunglasses can ___________ our eyes ___________ the bright sunlight. 常考易错点 考点1、boring与bored（ed形容词与ing形容词） bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 常用搭配： （1）get/ be/ look bored 感到/看上去无聊 （2）be bored with/of 对……感到厌倦 相关词形： （1）boring adj. 令人厌倦的 （2）bore v. 使厌烦 bore sb. 使某人厌烦/厌倦 用法 例句 ed 常作表语，一般用来形容“人”的感受，表示“感到……的”。 ▲ The boring movie makes me bored. 这部无聊的电影使我感到无聊。 ing 常作表语和定语，一般用来形容“物”本身具有的性质，表示“令人……的”。 ▲ The boring movie makes me bored. 这部无聊的电影使我感到无聊。 【拓展】常见类似的ed与ing形容词 interesting 令人有趣的 interested 感到有趣的；有趣的 amazing 令人惊奇的 amazed 感到惊奇的 surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的 relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的 exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的;激动的 boring 没趣的;令人厌倦的 bored 感到厌倦的;烦闷的 moving 令人感动的 moved 受感动的(被……感动) disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的 精准练： 1、There were several young people sitting around, looking __________ (无聊的). 2、She found her job very __________ (bore). 3、I don’t want __________ (bore) you with the housework. 考点2、look for与find 用法 例句 look for 意为“寻找”,强调“寻找”这一动作,但不一定能找到。 ▲ Lily looked for her keys everywhere. 莉莉到处找她的钥匙。 find 意为“找到;发现”,强调“找到”这一结果 ▲ But she didn’t find them. 但是没找到。 find out 着重表示通过理解、分析、思考等“弄清楚，查明”一件事情。 ▲ He tried to find out whether social media has a positive or negative effect on children. 他试图弄清社交媒体对孩子们有积极影响还是消极影响。 【拓展】look 构成的动词短语还有： look after 照顾；照料 look like 看上去像 look forward to 盼望；期待 look around 环顾；游览 精准练： 1、Vivian always looks __________ new ways to learn about the history. 2、The two countries are looking forward to __________ (improve) their relationship. 3、My dog is ill. My friend Jenny agrees to help me __________ __________ （照顾） my dog. 考点3、so that与so...that与such...that 用法 例句 so...that 意为“如此；以至于”引导结果状语从句，so后接形容词或副词，可与too...to结构互换 ▲ He got up so late that he missed the plane. 他起得如此晚，以至于错过了飞机。 such...that 意为“如此；以至于”引导结果状语从句，such后接名词。 ▲ It is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 这本书如此有趣，以至于我们都喜欢看。 so that 意为“以便；为了”引导目的状语从句，可与in order that互换。 ▲ We get up early so that we can catch the first bus. 我们早起是为了能赶上第一班公交车。 【注意】 such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that+从句=so+adj+a/an+可数名词单数+that+从句 （many、much、few、little修饰名词时，需要用so） 精准练： 一、用so或such填空 1. He was ______ tired that he fell asleep soon. 2. Miss Wang is _______a good teacher that all of us love and respect her. 3. She is ________kind a girl that  she has many friends. 4. It’s ______ an interesting film that we all love it. 5. The song is _______popular that most people can sing it. 6. There is _______ much milk in the fridge that you don't need to buy it. 二、选择题 7.The basketball match was ________ exciting ________ I shouted again and again. A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．too; but 8.The box is ________ heavy for me ________ carry. A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．enough; that 考点4、pay、spend、take、cost 用法 例句 spend 主语通常是人 sb. spends time/money doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 spends time/money on sth. 某人在某事/某物上花费时间)金钱 take 通常用it 作形式主语 It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多长时间 pay 主语通常是人 sb. pays some money for sth. 人为某物花费多少钱 cost 主语通常是物 sth. costs sb. some money某物花费某人多少钱 ▲ My mom said I should spend more time playing outside. 我妈妈说我应该多花些时间在户外玩耍。 ▲ I spent 100 yuan on the present.我花了100 元买这件礼物。 ▲ It took me 20 minutes to get to school.我花了20分钟到达学校。 ▲ We paid 150 yuan for the meal.这顿饭我们花了 150 元。 ▲ The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan.这个书包花了我50 元。 精准练： 1.I have to____them 20 pounds for this room each month. A. pay  B.paid  C.cost  D.took 2.They spend too much time____the report. A.writing  B.to write  C.on writing  D. write 3.-What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be expensive. -No，they only____l0 yuan. A.spent  B.took  C.paid  D.cost 4.-Will you please____for my dinner, Peter? -Sure!  A. spend  B.pay  C.cost  D.take 5.It will____me too much time to read this book. A. take  B.cost  C.spend  D.pay 考点5、alone、lonely 词性 词义 作用 用法 例句 alone 形容词 单独的; 独自的 常作表语 强调客观情况， 数量只有一个 ▲ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. 他独自生活, 介并不感到孤独。 副词 单独; 独自 常作状语 ▲ She was alone in the dark room. 她独自一人待在那间黑暗的屋里。 lonely 形容词 孤独的; 寂寞的 常作表语 强调主观感受指心灵上的孤独 ▲ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. 他独自生活, 介并不感到孤独。 偏僻的; 荒凉的 在名词前作定语 用来说明地方荒凉 ▲ It’s a lonely beach. 这是个荒凉的岛屿。 精准练： 1、Sara was there listening to the radio. She just wanted to be ________（单独）for a change. 2、有时他独自待在河边看日落。 Sometimes he _________ _________ by the river to watch the sunset. 考点6、attend、join、join in、take part in 用法 例句 attend “参加、出席”正式用语，指参加会议，婚礼、葬礼、典礼等。 ▲ Jenny was so busy that she didn’t attend the meeting yesterday. 珍妮昨天太忙了,所以没有参加会议。 join 加入某个党派、团体、组织等；并成为其中一员。表短暂性的动作，不与表示一段时间的状语连用。 ▲ I joined the club when I was 10. 我10岁时加入了这个俱乐部。 join in 多指参加小规模的活动如游戏、比赛等 ▲ We’re playing football. Come and join in. 我们正在踢足球，来加入吧。 take part in 指参加会议或群体性的活动 ▲ Students can take part in different activities to learn something new. 学生可以参加不同的活动来学习新知识。 精准练： 选择适当的词汇填空 attend, join, join in, take part in (1) My parents often __________ important meetings at work. (2) I want to __________ the school’s basketball team. (3) Everyone is welcome to _______________________ the discussion. (4) I _________________________ the school’s science fair last year. 考点7、loud，aloud 与loudly 易混词 用法 loud 形容词 意为“大声的” 副词 意为“大声地；响亮地”，强调声音响亮。 aloud 副词 意为“大声地；出声地”，强调为了使人听见而发声，音量不一定大，常与read 等词连用。无比较级和最高级形式。 loudly 副词 意为“大声地；喧闹地”，可形容人声、敲门声或其他声音。是loud（大声的）的副词形式 ▲ Can you speak louder? I can’t hear clearly. 你能说大声点吗? 我听不清。 ▲ He read the letter aloud to us. 他把信大声念给我们听。 ▲ The audience laughed loudly at the joke. 观众听到这笑话大笑起来。 ▲ Do you have to play that music so loud? 你非得把音乐放那么响吗？ 精准练： 1、Please read a_______to improve your pronunciation while learning English. 2、I heard someone knocking at the door _________ (loud). 3、The teacher listened to the children reading _______. A. loudly B. loud C. aloud D. quiet 4、事实胜于雄辩。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________ 考点8、besides, except, but 与except for besides 指“包括后者在内”，常与other，also 等词连用。 except 指“不包括后者在内”，其后可接不定式作宾语。当其前的动词是实义动词do 及其变化形式时，不定式常省去to。 but 指“不包括后者在内”，常和all，nobody 等不定代词连用，有时可与except 互换。 except for 意为“除去……之外；只是”，表示对人或事物先做出总体评价，然后就其局部提出看法，所排除的不是同一范畴的东西。 ▲ What other languages do you know besides English? 除了英语之外, 你还懂什么其他语言？ ▲ He gets up early every day except Sunday. 除了星期日之外, 他每天都早起。 ▲ I couldn’t do anything except just sit down and hope. 我除了坐在那儿盼着，什么也做不了。 ▲ Everybody was invited to the evening party but/except me. 除我之外, 所有人都被邀请参加了那场晚会。 ▲Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了几处拼写错误外，你的作文非常好。 精准练： 1、______ English, we also learn math and Chinese at school. A. Except B. Besides C. Except for D. But 2、I have some other friends b_________ you. 3、除了学习，我还喜欢踢足球。 __________ __________, I also enjoy playing football. 考点9、borrow、lend、keep borrow 借；借入（主语借进） borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物 lend 借给；借出（主语借出） lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人 keep 保存；保留 keep sth. for some time 借用某物一段时间 ▲ Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it tome. He told me that I could keep it for a week. 尼克从图书馆借了一本书，然后把它借给了我。他告诉我我可以借看一周。 精准练： 1.If you want to use my bike, you can _______ it from me. A. borrow   B. lend    C. keep    D. take    2. I will _______ you my book when I finish reading it. A. borrow    B. lend    C. keep    D. give   3. How long can I _______ the library book? A. borrow   B. lend    C. keep    D. get    4. He _______ some money from his friend to buy a new phone. A. borrowed   B. lent   C. kept   D. took    5. Can you _______ me your pen? Mine is out of ink. A. borrow   B. lend    C. keep    D. bring    考点10、pleasure, pleasant 与pleased pleasure n. “愉快；高兴；满意；乐事”，多用于口语 pleasant adj. “令人高兴的；令人愉快的”，一般指天气、时间、旅行等令人感到高兴、愉快 pleased adj. “高兴的；愉快的”，表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快，其后常常带介词with ▲ Reading books is one of my greatest pleasures. 读书是我最大的乐事之一。 ▲ Watching cartoons gives me great pleasure. 看动画片给我带来很大的乐趣。 ▲ We spent a very pleasant evening. 我们度过了一个很愉快的夜晚。 ▲ I am pleased that you have a new job. 我很高兴你有了一份新工作。 ▲ It is a pleasure to welcome you to our home. 很高兴欢迎您来我们家。 精准练： pleasure, pleasant, pleased (1)My parents were very __________ with my grades. (2) I had a __________ chat with my teacher after class. (3) It’s a __________ to help others. 考点11、population （1）表示人口“多”要用large 修饰, 而不用 much/many; 表示人口“少”要用small 修饰, 而不用 little/few。 （2）population 作可数名词，意为“人口”，常与定冠词the 连用。作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。 （3）当主语表示“人口的百分之几或几分之几”时，谓语动词多用复数形式。 （4）population 多以单数形式出现，指某个国家、地区或城市的人口。若以复数形式出现，则指世界不同地区的人口。 表示“某地有多少人口”有两种表达方式： （1）The population of + 某地+ is + 数词. （2）某地+ has a population of + 数词. 询问“某地有多少人口”要用 what 或 how large 提问： “What’s the population of+ 地点？”或“How large is the population of+ 地点？”。 ▲ In many countries, the population is mainly concentrated in the cities. 在许多国家，人口主要集中在城市里。 ▲ Many parts of the world have become deserts now, but they once had large populations and produced plenty of crops. 世界上许多地区曾经人口众多, 五谷丰登, 而如今却成了沙漠。 ▲ The population of China is about 1.4 billion. = China has a population of about 1.4 billion. 中国大约有14 亿人口。 ▲ What’s the population of Germany? = How large is the population of Germany? 德国的人口是多少? ▲ 10,000 years ago, the world’s population was very small. 一万年前, 世界人口很少。 精准练： 1. The p________ of India is growing quickly. 2. -________ is the population of your city? -Over five million. 3. 北京有2100 多万人口。 Beijing has ________ ___________ _______ over 21 million people. 4. 中国人口众多。 China has _________ _________ ___________. 考点12、less, fewer 与 more less “更少”，little 的比较级，修饰不可数名词。  ▲ You’d better eat less junk food.  你最好少吃些垃圾食品。 fewer “更少”，few 的比较级，修饰可数名词复数。 ▲  I have fewer books than my brother.  我的书比我哥哥的少。 more “更多”，many/much的比较级，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。 ▲ I want to have more friends and money. 我想拥有更多的朋友和金钱。 精准练： 1、-If there are ________ people driving, there will be ________ air pollution. -Yes, and the air will be fresher. A. less; less B. less; fewer C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less 2、-Can you give me some advice on how to be slimmer? -Eat ________ (little) meat and ________ (few) cakes. 3、After eating the healthy snacks, I wanted ________ (few) cookies and ________ (much) fruit, and I felt ________ (little) hungry. 4、我今天的作业比昨天少。（翻译句子） 考点13、lively、alive、living 与live lively “精力充沛的；生机勃勃的；（色彩）鲜艳的”，修饰人或物，常作定语或表语。 alive “活着的”，反义词dead。修饰人或动植物，常作表语或补语。 living “活着的”，修饰人或物，常作定语，作表语时相当于alive。 live “活的；现场直播的（读作/laɪv/）”，修饰人或动植物，一般作前置定语。 ▲ She is such a lively girl that we all like her. 她是个如此活泼的女孩，以至于我们都喜欢她。 ▲ Our teacher gave us a lively description of the event.对于这个事件，我们的老师给我们做了生动的描述。 ▲ The colour of the works is lively. 这些作品的色彩很鲜艳。 ▲ Are your grandparents still alive? 你的祖父母还健在吗？ ▲ Both plants and animals are living things. 动植物都是生物。 ▲ He bought some live fish. 他买了几条活鱼。 精准练： 1、-Mr Black always makes his class ______ and keeps his students interested in class. -What a successful teacher he is! A. boring B. lovely C. lively D. slowly 2、活泼的孩子们观看了一场现场直播的自然节目，看到了他们生活环境中活生生的动物。 The _________ children watched a _________ nature show, seeing _________ animals in their _________ environment. $