内容正文:
精选近十年高考英语三大类从句真题汇编
(含答案详解+考点分析+备考策略)
一、定语从句专题
1. (2025年新课标I卷)The Shanghai Jiushi Art Museum is holding an art exhibition inspired by Go. Go, ____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago, is one of the earliest two-player board games.
1. (2024年新课标I卷)The Silk Route was an important ancient trade route. The Silk Route ____ brought the plants from their native habitat to other parts of the world, promoting the spread and exchange of species.
1. (2024年新课标II卷)Tang Xianzu, ____ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”, created many classic opera works like The Peony Pavilion and had a profound influence on the development of Chinese opera.
1. (2024年新课标II卷)Many entrepreneurs are looking for a way that will make them the most money with the least effort while ensuring the sustainability of the project. The way ____ they are seeking has become a hot topic in business circles.
1. (2023年新课标I卷)Xiaolongbao (soup dumplings) is a popular Chinese street food with thin skin, filled with hot and delicious soup and minced meat. Xiaolongbao ____ were invented in Wuxi later developed and gained popularity in Shanghai.
1. (2023年全国甲卷)I have been volunteering at a local animal shelter for two years. Last week, I visited a town in the heart of America, ____ all life seemed to enjoy a peaceful and harmonious existence.
1. (2023年全国乙卷)I have always wanted to revisit the old place from my childhood memories. This is the place ____ I visited with my family last year, where every tree and blade of grass has hardly changed.
1. (2022年全国甲卷)Grandpa often tells us stories about his youth. The stories ____ are full of adventure and perseverance, and every time we listen to them, we are deeply moved.
1. (2022年全国乙卷)I will never forget the city ____ I was born, where I have the footprints of my growth and the most precious childhood memories.
1. (2021年全国乙卷)September 10, 2015 is a very special day in my life. It is the day ____ I met my best friend in that middle school, and we spent an unforgettable youth together.
1. (2021年新高考II卷)With the improvement of environmental awareness, people have begun to resist the company ____ used a lot of plastic packaging, calling on enterprises to attach importance to green production.
1. (2020年新高考I卷)The British Museum has a collection of more than 80,000 cultural relics, which form its core collection. The British Museum ____ opened officially in 1759 and is one of the world-famous museums.
1. (2020年新高考II卷)The Digital World is a set of multi-volume series ____ aims to describe the impact of digital technology on various aspects of human society, covering fields such as science and technology, culture and life.
1. (2020年全国丙卷)I often think of the village ____ I grew up, where I played with my partners and chased fireflies in the summer nights.
1. (2020年全国丙卷)In the exhibition hall, we saw the works of an artist ____ paintings were almost lifelike, attracting a large number of visitors to stop and appreciate.
1. (2019年全国甲卷)The teacher asked him for the reason ____ he was late for class again this morning, but he couldn’t give a reasonable explanation.
1. (2019年全国乙卷)She talked about the pet shop in Macclesfield ____ she opened with her late husband and has been operating for more than 20 years.
1. (2019年全国丙卷)Whenever I pass by that building, I will think of the school ____ I studied for six years, where I made friends and gained knowledge.
1. (2018年全国甲卷)Do you know the girl ____ father is a doctor and has saved many patients’ lives?
1. (2018年全国乙卷)On the desk, there is a book ____ cover is blue, which is a birthday gift from my mother.
1. (2017年全国甲卷)We are going to visit the house ____ we lived in last year, where we celebrated festivals and shared joys and sorrows.
1. (2017年全国乙卷)He always misses the village ____ he was born, where he spent his carefree childhood.
1. (2016年全国甲卷)During the summer vacation, we plan to go to the place ____ we visited last summer, where we enjoyed the beautiful scenery and tasted local snacks.
1. (2016年全国乙卷)He often looks back on the year ____ he joined the army, which changed his life completely.
二、名词性从句专题
1. (2024年全国甲卷)When we face difficulties in life, we should keep a positive mindset. ____ matters most is your attitude, which determines whether you can overcome the difficulties.
1. (2024年新高考II卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed.
1. (2023年新高考I卷)The meeting is scheduled to be held next Monday, but no one has informed him of the exact time. I wonder ____ he will come or not.
1. (2023年新高考II卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ____ they need an English trainer.
1. (2023年全国乙卷)Beijing is a city that integrates traditional culture and modern civilization. The fact ____ Beijing combines old and new is amazing, attracting tourists from all over the world.
1. (2022年新高考I卷)After months of hard work, he finally got a high score in the exam. The fact ____ he passed the exam is true, which makes his parents very proud.
1. (2022年1月浙江卷)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
1. (2022年新高考II卷)He saved my son’s life, said Mrs. Brown. I don’t know ____ to thank him.
1. (2021年新高考I卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song “The Long and Winding Road”. ____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
1. (2021年浙江卷6月)In the class meeting, the teacher asked each student to express their true thoughts. This is ____ I want to say, which comes from the bottom of my heart.
1. (2020年浙江卷)Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ____ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
1. (2019年新课标I卷)While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ____ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
1. (2016年全国甲卷)It is often the case ____ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
三、状语从句专题
1. (2024年全国乙卷)We have planned to have a picnic in the park this weekend. ____ it rains, we will stay at home and watch a movie together.
1. (2024年1月浙江卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
1. (2023年全国甲卷)He is only 10 years old, but he has read hundreds of books. ____ he is young, he knows a lot about history and science.
1. (2022年新高考II卷)He hung on for a few minutes ____ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him.
1. (2022年6月浙江卷)The feeling of being able to see it ____ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.
1. (2021年全国甲卷)I’m going to another city for a business trip tomorrow, and I will be very busy. I will call you ____ I arrive at the hotel to let you know I’m safe.
1. (2020年全国乙卷)He is usually a punctual student, but he didn’t show up at school this morning. He didn’t go to school ____ he was ill and had to stay in bed to rest.
1. (2019年6月浙江卷)The final exam is coming soon, and it is crucial for your final grade. ____ you study hard, you will not pass the exam and get a satisfactory result.
1. (2018年1月浙江卷)This isn’t as hard as it sounds, and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while ____ (read) an interesting piece of literature.
1. (2017年6月浙江卷)He had been working continuously for 12 hours and was exhausted. ____ he was tired, he didn’t stop working and insisted on finishing the task.
答案及详解
一、定语从句答案及详解
1. 答案:which详解:非限制性定语从句,先行词Go(围棋)指物,从句缺主语,非限制性定语从句中指物作主语用which,不能用that。翻译:上海久事美术馆正在举办一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展。围棋起源于4000多年前的中国,是最早的双人棋类游戏之一。
2. 答案:which/that详解:限制性定语从句,先行词The Silk Route(丝绸之路)指物,从句缺主语,指物作主语的限制性定语从句可用which或that引导。翻译:丝绸之路是古代重要的贸易通道。这条通道将这些植物从原产地带到世界其他地区,促进了物种的传播与交流。
3. 答案:who详解:非限制性定语从句,先行词Tang Xianzu(汤显祖)指人,从句缺主语,指人作主语的非限制性定语从句用who。翻译:汤显祖被誉为“东方莎士比亚”,创作了《牡丹亭》等多部经典戏曲作品,对中国戏曲发展影响深远。
4. 答案:that/which详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the way(方法)指物,从句缺宾语(seeking的宾语),指物作宾语的限制性定语从句可用that或which,也可省略。翻译:很多创业者都在寻找一种能以最小投入赚最多钱、同时保证项目可持续的方法。他们正在寻找的这种方法已成为商界的热门话题。
5. 答案:which/that详解:限制性定语从句,先行词Xiaolongbao(小笼包)指物,从句缺主语,指物作主语的限制性定语从句可用which或that。翻译:小笼包是很受欢迎的中式街头小吃,皮薄,包着滚烫鲜美的汤汁和肉馅。这种始创于无锡的小笼包后来在上海得到发展并广受欢迎。
6. 答案:where详解:非限制性定语从句,先行词a town(小镇)指地点,从句缺地点状语,指地点作状语用where。翻译:我在当地一家动物收容所做了两年志愿者。上周我去了美国中心地带的一个小镇,在那里所有生命似乎都过着宁静和谐的生活。
7. 答案:that/which详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the place(地方)指物,从句中visited缺宾语,指物作宾语的限制性定语从句可用that或which,也可省略。翻译:我一直想重访童年记忆里的那个老地方。这就是去年我和家人一起去过的地方,那里的一草一木几乎都没变。
8. 答案:that/which详解:限制性定语从句,先行词The stories(故事)指物,从句缺主语,指物作主语的限制性定语从句可用which或that。翻译:爷爷经常给我们讲他年轻时的故事。这些故事充满了冒险与坚毅,每次听我们都深受感动。
9. 答案:where详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the city(城市)指地点,从句缺地点状语,指地点作状语用where。翻译:我永远不会忘记这座城市。这是我出生的地方,留存着我的成长足迹和最珍贵的童年回忆。
10. 答案:when详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the day(日子)指时间,从句缺时间状语,指时间作状语用when。翻译:2015年9月10日是我人生中很特别的一天。就在那天,我在那所中学遇到了最好的朋友,我们一起度过了难忘的青春时光。
11. 答案:that/which详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the company(公司)指物,从句缺主语,指物作主语的限制性定语从句可用that或which。翻译:随着环保意识的提高,人们开始抵制一家大量使用塑料包装的公司,呼吁企业重视绿色生产。
12. 答案:which/that详解:限制性定语从句,先行词The British Museum(大英博物馆)指物,从句缺主语,指物作主语的限制性定语从句可用that或which。翻译:大英博物馆藏有8万多件文物,构成其核心馆藏。这座1759年正式开放的博物馆是世界著名博物馆之一。
13. 答案:that/which详解:限制性定语从句,先行词The Digital World(《数字世界》)指物,从句缺主语,指物作主语的限制性定语从句可用that或which。翻译:《数字世界》是一套多卷本系列丛书。这套丛书旨在描述数字技术对人类社会各方面的影响,涵盖科技、文化、生活等领域。
14. 答案:where详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the village(村庄)指地点,从句缺地点状语,指地点作状语用where。翻译:我常常想起那个村子。这是我长大的地方,夏天的夜晚我和小伙伴们在这里玩耍、追萤火虫。
15. 答案:whose详解:限制性定语从句,先行词an artist(艺术家)指人,从句中paintings与先行词为所属关系,“艺术家的画作”,用whose引导。翻译:在展厅里,我们看到了一位艺术家的作品。这位艺术家的画作几乎栩栩如生,吸引了大批观众驻足欣赏。
16. 答案:why详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the reason(原因),从句缺原因状语,先行词为reason时用why引导定语从句。翻译:老师问他今天早上又上课迟到的原因,但他没能给出合理的解释。
17. 答案:which/that详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the pet shop(宠物店)指物,从句缺宾语(opened的宾语),指物作宾语的限制性定语从句可用that或which,也可省略。翻译:她谈起了在麦克尔斯菲尔德的那家宠物店。那是她和已故丈夫一起开办、经营了20多年的宠物店。
18. 答案:where详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the school(学校)指地点,从句缺地点状语,指地点作状语用where。翻译:每当经过那栋楼,我就会想起那所学校。那是我学习了六年的地方,在那里我结交了朋友、收获了知识。
19. 答案:whose详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the girl(女孩)指人,从句中father与先行词为所属关系,“女孩的父亲”,用whose引导。翻译:你认识那个女孩吗?她的父亲是一名医生,救过很多病人的命。
20. 答案:whose详解:限制性定语从句,先行词a book(书)指物,从句中cover与先行词为所属关系,“书的封面”,用whose引导。翻译:桌子上有一本书。这本书的封面是蓝色的,是妈妈送我的生日礼物。
21. 答案:that/which详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the house(房子)指物,从句中lived in缺宾语,指物作宾语的限制性定语从句可用that或which,也可省略。翻译:我们打算去参观去年住过的那栋房子。在那里我们庆祝过节、分享过喜怒哀乐。
22. 答案:where详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the village(村庄)指地点,从句缺地点状语,指地点作状语用where。翻译:他总是想念那个村庄。那是他出生的地方,在那里他度过了无忧无虑的童年。
23. 答案:that/which详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the place(地方)指物,从句中visited缺宾语,指物作宾语的限制性定语从句可用that或which,也可省略。翻译:暑假期间,我们计划去去年夏天去过的那个地方。在那里我们欣赏了美丽的风景、品尝了当地的小吃。
24. 答案:when详解:限制性定语从句,先行词the year(年份)指时间,从句缺时间状语,指时间作状语用when。翻译:他常常回想起参军的那一年。那彻底改变了他的人生。
二、名词性从句答案及详解
25. 答案:What详解:主语从句,从句缺主语且指事物,“最重要的东西”,用What引导主语从句,位于句首首字母大写。翻译:当我们在生活中面临困难时,应该保持积极的心态。最重要的是你的态度,它决定了你能否克服困难。
26. 答案:what详解:表语从句,从句缺宾语(promote的宾语)且指事物,“推广的东西”,用what引导表语从句。翻译:如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买,那就是他们要推广的(策略)。但这会让单独购物的客户吃亏又失望。
27. 答案:whether详解:宾语从句,从句语义完整但表“是否”,且与or not连用,只能用whether引导(if不能与or not直接连用)。翻译:会议定于下周一召开,但没人通知他确切时间。我不知道他是否会来。
28. 答案:why详解:表语从句,从句结构完整,前文说明需要英语培训师的原因,此处表“……的原因”,用why引导表语从句。翻译:他们还需要准备用英语接受国际记者的采访。这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。
29. 答案:that详解:同位语从句,先行词the fact(事实),从句是对事实的解释说明,结构完整,用that引导同位语从句(that不可省略)。翻译:北京是一座融合了传统文化与现代文明的城市。北京兼具新旧风貌这一事实令人惊叹,吸引着来自世界各地的游客。
30. 答案:that详解:同位语从句,先行词the fact(事实),从句是对事实的确认,结构完整,用that引导同位语从句。翻译:经过几个月的努力,他终于在考试中取得了高分。他通过考试这一事实是真的,这让他的父母非常骄傲。
31. 答案:whether/if详解:宾语从句,从句语义表“是否”,ask后接“是否”含义的宾语从句,可用whether或if引导。翻译:对于自己的出席,科布开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者是否可以远程参与;大约四分之三的情况下,组织者都会同意。
32. 答案:how详解:宾语从句的简化结构(疑问词+to do),从句表“如何感谢他”,“如何”用how引导。翻译:布朗夫人说:“他救了我儿子的命。我不知道该如何感谢他。”
33. 答案:What详解:主语从句,从句缺主语且指事物,“这次经历中令人惊叹的东西”,用What引导主语从句,首字母大写。翻译:去黄山让我想起了披头士乐队的热门歌曲《漫漫长路》。这次经历中最令人惊叹的是那超凡脱俗的景色。
34. 答案:what详解:表语从句,从句缺宾语(say的宾语)且指事物,“想说的话”,用what引导表语从句。翻译:在班会上,老师让每个学生表达自己的真实想法。这就是我想说的话,它来自心底。
35. 答案:what详解:宾语从句,从句缺主语且指事物,“能从野外捕猎或采集到的东西”,用what引导宾语从句。翻译:数千年来,他们开始减少对野外捕猎或采集所得的依赖,更多依靠自己饲养的动物和种植的庄稼。
36. 答案:that详解:同位语从句,先行词evidence(证据),从句是对证据的解释说明,结构完整,用that引导同位语从句。翻译:虽然它们在北纬88度以北很罕见,但有证据表明它们的活动范围遍及整个北极,最南可达加拿大的詹姆斯湾。
37. 答案:that详解:主语从句,it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句,从句结构完整,用that引导(that不可省略)。翻译:通常情况下,对于那些不放弃希望的人来说,一切皆有可能。
三、状语从句答案及详解
38. 答案:If详解:条件状语从句,“如果下雨,我们就待在家里”,表假设条件用If,位于句首首字母大写。翻译:我们计划这周末去公园野餐。如果下雨,我们就待在家里一起看电影。
39. 答案:or详解:并列状语从句,固定句式either...or...“要么……要么……”,表选择关系,用or连接。翻译:要么你买的东西太重搬不回家,要么你买的东西还没新鲜的时候就用不上了。
40. 答案:Though/Although详解:让步状语从句,“虽然他年纪小,但懂得很多”,表让步关系用Though或Although。翻译:他只有10岁,但已经读了几百本书。虽然他年纪小,但对历史和科学了解很多。
41. 答案:and详解:并列状语从句,连接hung on(坚持)和screamed(尖叫)两个并列动作,表顺承关系用and。翻译:他坚持了几分钟,然后尖叫着喊爸爸,但爸爸没有听到。
42. 答案:and详解:并列状语从句,连接see it(看到它)和to form my opinion(形成我的观点)两个并列成分,表顺承关系用and。翻译:能够看到它并形成自己的观点,这种感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。
43. 答案:as soon as详解:时间状语从句,“我一到酒店就给你打电话”,表“一……就……”用as soon as引导。翻译:我明天要去另一个城市出差,会很忙。我一到酒店就给你打电话报平安。
44. 答案:because详解:原因状语从句,“因为生病所以没上学”,表直接原因用because引导。翻译:他通常是个守时的学生,但今天早上没来上学。他没去上学是因为生病了,不得不卧床休息。
45. 答案:Unless详解:条件状语从句,“除非努力学习,否则考不过”,表“除非……否则不……”用Unless(=If not)。翻译:期末考试很快就要到了,它对你的期末成绩至关重要。除非你努力学习,否则你不会通过考试并取得满意的成绩。
46. 答案:reading详解:时间状语从句的简化结构,while后接现在分词,逻辑主语you与read为主动关系,用reading。翻译:这并不像听起来那么难,而且比其他任何方法都好,因为你在阅读有趣的文学作品时就能提高词汇量。
47. 答案:Though/Although详解:让步状语从句,“虽然累,但坚持完成任务”,表让步关系用Though或Although。翻译:他已经连续工作了12个小时,筋疲力尽。虽然他很累,但没有停止工作,坚持完成了任务。
复习备考策略:
近十年高考语法填空从句考查集中在定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句,占比约10%-12%,以“语境判断+成分分析+连接词选择”为核心。
一、命题规律速览(近10年)
1. 核心从句类型:
定语从句最高频(关系代词whose/which/that/who;关系副词where/when;介词+关系代词)
名词性从句侧重宾语/表语/主语从句(that/what/whether/why)
状语从句以时间/条件/让步为主(when/if/though)
2. 命题趋势:
① 从单句走向语篇语境判断
② 非限制性定语从句与“介词+关系代词”增多
③ 名词性从句突出that/what区别
④ 状语从句重逻辑连词与上下文呼应
3. 高频陷阱:
that用于非限制性定语从句
whose与who/which混淆
介词后用that;what/that在名词性从句中误用
二、分阶段备考策略(3轮进阶)
第一轮:基础夯实(1-2个月)
4. 核心任务:从句类型识别+连接词/关系词用法+成分分析
5. 具体做法:
(1)建“从句公式卡”:
· 定语从句:先行词(人/物/时间/地点)+ 缺成分(主/宾→代词;状→副词;所属→whose)
· 名词性从句:主语/宾语/表语/同位语从句→连接词(that无义;what表内容;whether表选择)
· 状语从句:时间/条件/让步→连词(when/if/though),按逻辑填词
(2)单句成分训练:每天5句真题单句,标出主句谓语→找从句→判断成分→选连接词,形成肌肉记忆。
(3)高频连接词清单:优先掌握whose/which/that/what/when/where/if/though,配套例句背诵。
第二轮:专项突破(1.5个月)
1. 核心任务:按从句类型攻难点,结合真题语境练
2. 三大从句专项:
0. 定语从句:
① 必练“介词+关系代词”(如with which/for whom)
② 区分限制性vs非限制性(that不用于非限制性)
③ whose表所属(the girl whose father…)。
0. 名词性从句:
① 重点练that/what区别(that不充当成分;what作主/宾)
② if/whether区别(介词后用whether)
③ 形式主/宾语(It is clear that…)。
0. 状语从句:
① 按逻辑分组记连词(时间when/while/as;条件if/unless;让步though/although);② 注意状语从句时态(主将从现)。
3. 真题精练:近10年全国卷/新课标卷从句真题按类型分类,每天1篇语法填空,标注从句类型与解题依据。
第三轮:综合提升+错题闭环(1个月)
4. 核心任务:语篇解题+错题复盘+限时模考
5. 关键步骤:
· 语篇解题三步法:
① 定主干(找主句谓语,划核心结构)
② 辨从句(标注定语[]、名词性()、状语{}
③ 判成分(缺主/宾→代词;缺状→副词/连词;表所属→whose)。
· 错题“3问复盘”:
① 错因(连接词误用/成分判断错/逻辑理解偏)
② 正确思路(重新分析成分与连接词)
③ 同类题总结(如that与which误用,整理规则卡)。
限时模考:语法填空整体限时10分钟,
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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