Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦词汇、短语、句型及动词-ing形式语法核心知识点，先梳理基础与拓展单词（如entertainment及其派生词）、重点短语（如belong to, set up）和句型，再通过核心词汇练透与重点句型分析，逐步深化至动词-ing形式作定语、状语、宾语补足语的语法规则，构建从基础积累到语法应用的学习支架。 资料特色在于词汇拓展与语境应用结合、语法规则细化及分层练习设计，通过“易混辨析basis/base”“动词-ing形式作定语例句分析”等实例，提升学生语言能力与思维品质。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后学生可借助即学活用与单句填空练习查漏补缺，强化知识掌握。

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills [对应学生用书P61] Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．ballet n.芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧；芭蕾舞团 2．request vt.要求，请求 n.要求，请求；要求的事 3．technical adj.技术的，技能的； 专门技术的；专业的 4．upload vt.上载，上传 5．download vt.下载 6．device n.设备，仪器；手段，技巧 拓展单词 7．percentage n.百分率，百分比； 提成→percent n. 百分之…… 8．entertainment n.娱乐活动； 招待，娱乐→entertain v. 娱乐；招待；款待→entertaining adj.令人愉快的 9．mobile adj. 可移动的，非固定的； 行动方便的；流动的 n. 手机→mobilize v. 动员；调动→mobilization n. 动员；调动 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．belong to 属于，归……所有 2．set up 创建，建立 3．it occurred to sb某人想起 4．on a regular basis定期的 经常的 5．recommend sth/sb to sb推荐某人/某物给某人 6．try out 尝试；试验；体验 7．be nervous about紧张 Ⅲ.重点句型 Fiona Lin，the lady running the website，had the idea after she watched her daughter dancing two years ago. 运营该网站的菲奥娜·林女士，在两年前看到女儿跳舞后产生了这个想法。 [核心词汇·练透] [对应学生用书P61] 1．belong to 属于，归……所有； 是(俱乐部，组织等)的成员； 是(某族类或纲目)的一部分 belong vi.　应在(某处); 适应 belongings n.(pl.)　所有物； 财产，财物 personal belongings　个人财物，私人用品 We hope to build an active community belonging to all art lovers and create an attractive space in which they can freely talk and share ideas. 我们希望建立一个属于所有艺术爱好者的活跃社区，创造一个有吸引力的空间，让他们可以自由地交流和分享想法。 The team consisting of 11 members belongs to our country. 这个有11个人组成的队伍属于我们国家。 Moreover，unlike some of the other insect eaters，spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings. 此外，与其他食虫动物不同，蜘蛛从不对我们或我们的财物造成丝毫伤害。 [名师点津]　 (1) belong to 既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。但可用belong to 的现在分词形式作后置定语。 (2) to 是介词，后面可跟名词或代词作宾语。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The old house belonging (belong) to my grandfather was still in good condition. ②He took away the suitcase not belonging(belong) to him by design. ③I just escaped from the flood and all my belongings(belong) were swept away. ④I don't know whom this computer belongs. ⑤He was upset that the valuable watch belonging to him(属于他的) was lost yesterday. ⑥Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future belongs to(属于)the well-educated. 2．request n.& vt.请求；要求 n.要求，请求；要求的事 (1)make requests/a request for　请求；要求…… at sb's request＝at the request of sb　应某人的要求 on/upon request　一经要求 (2)request sb to do sth　请求/要求某人做某事 request that sb(should) do sth　请求某人做某事 It is requested that...(should) do sth　要求…… For example，she has requested a technical team to develop an app so as to satisfy different users' needs. 例如，她要求一个技术团队开发一个应用程序，以满足不同用户的需求。 I am writing to you to request you to help me find the bag back. 我给你写信请求你帮助我把包找回来。 They made a request for further aid. 他们请求进一步援助。 We will send you full program descriptions at your request. 我们将根据您的要求发送完整的项目描述。 She requested that no one should be told of her decision. 她要求不把她的决定告诉任何人。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They have made an urgent request for international aid. ②All the students are requested to attend(attend) the annual school celebration. ③What's your opinion of Mr Li's request that we (should)spend(spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning? ④It is requested(request) that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions. ⑤I sincerely hope that you will give our request your special consideration. 我真诚地希望你对我们的请求给予特别考虑。 ⑥I'll be willing to send you any further information if you consider my request． 如果你考虑我的要求，我愿意向你提供任何进一步的信息。 3．basis n.基础；基点 on the basis of　在……的基础上，根据 on a regular/daily/weekly basis　 定期/每天/每周 air base　 空军基地 base...on/upon...　以……为基础/根据 Remember，even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 记住，即使是世界冠军运动员也要始终如一地练习他们的技能。 We're going to be meeting there on a regular basis. 我们将定期在那里见面。 Your grade will be based on four papers and a final exam. 你的成绩将根据四篇论文和期末考试决定。 About 1，200 personnel will remain behind to take care of the air base. 约有1 200名人员将留下来照管空军基地。 [易混辨析]　basis/base basis 指抽象的“基础，根据”； base 既可指抽象的“基础，根据”，也可指具体的“根基；基地”。 the basis of friendship友谊的基础 a good scientific research base 良好的科研基础 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The professor could hardly find necessary grounds on which to base his arguments in favour of the new theory. ②The decision was made on the basis of(根据)the information we had. ③We're going to meet there on a weekly basis(每周). ④They set up a base(建立基地) at the foot of the mountain. ⑤The climbers had to return to the base(返回基地) due to the bad weather. 4．likely adj.可能的 be unlikely to do sth　不可能做某事 It is unlikely that...　不可能…… be likely to do sth　可能做某事 It is likely that...　可能…… Using apps like this，people are more likely to find satisfactory haircuts. 使用这样的应用程序，人们更有可能找到满意的发型。 It's likely that he will go abroad. 他很有可能出国。 They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures. 他们说，温度低的湖泊中不可能存活体形如此巨大的生物。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①During the daytime，the frightening creature is unlikely to appear(appear)on the surface of the lake. ②It is unlikely that they'll turn up now—it's nearly ten o'clock. ③I think the temple is unlikely to(不可能) be built at the edge of the woods. ④It is likely that(有可能) they will make a deal about the export of the cash crops. 5．entertainment n.娱乐活动； 招待，娱乐 (1)entertain vt.& vi.　使欢乐； 款待 entertain sb with sth　 用某物使某人娱乐 entertain sb to sth　 用某物招待某人 (2)entertaining adj.　愉快的； 有趣的 Can you tell me something about how you entertain yourself? 你可以告诉我你是怎么娱乐自己的吗？ I entertained my friends to dinner yesterday evening. 昨晚我招待朋友吃晚饭。 The clown entertained the children with all kinds of tricks. 那个小丑用各种把戏逗乐儿童。 [即学活用] 用entertain的适当形式填空/完成句子 ①Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night.During the time Bob told us many jokes for entertainment，making it an entertaining night. ②He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. 他给我们讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几小时。 ③To my great entertainment/Much to my entertainment，he promised to entertain us to ice cream. 令我非常高兴的是，他答应请我们吃冰淇淋。 6．set up 建立，设立，准备，安排，放置 set about　着手；开始做 set aside　将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间) set down　放下；写下；登记 set off　 出发，动身；引发，使爆炸，燃放 set out　 启程，动身；阐述；陈列；开始做 Fiona wanted to introduce more people to dance，so she set up JustDance. 菲奥娜想介绍更多人跳舞，于是她就成立了JustDance。 He set up a company two years ago. 他两年前成立了一个公司。 Give me a call on Friday to set up a time，OK? 星期五给我打电话安排时间，好吗？ Set aside some time each day to write，even if it is only five minutes. 每天留出一些时间来写作，即使只有五分钟。 I do not want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do. 我不像大多数人那样在日记中记下一系列的事实。 [名师点津]　set out和set about都可表示“开始做……”，但set out后跟动词不定式，set about后跟名词、动名词。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空/一句多译/句式升级 ①Ralph W．Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him. ②Upon graduation，Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic. ③They agreed to set aside their differences and work together for peace. ④他开始着手粉刷整幢房子，可是只完成了前面的部分。 a．He set about painting the whole house but finished only the front part.(set about) b．He set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part.(set out) c．He began to paint/painting the whole house but finished only the front part.(begin) ⑤We set up our English club two months ago. →Our English club was set up two months ago. [重点句型·通关] [对应学生用书P65] (教材P34)Fiona Lin，the lady running the website，had the idea after she watched her daughter dancing two years ago.运营该网站的菲奥娜·林女士，在两年前看到女儿跳舞后产生了这个想法。 [句式分析] running the website是现在分词短语，作后置定语修饰the lady。 分词(短语)作定语 (1)作定语的分词如果是单个分词，要放在所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，则放在所修饰的名词之后。 (2)一般来讲，现在分词与过去分词都可以作定语，但现在分词表示主动的、正在进行的含义，而过去分词表示被动的、已经完成的含义。 (3)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，不表示被动，只强调完成；不及物动词的现在分词作定语时，强调动作正在进行。它们一般都放在所修饰的名词之前。 Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to lake Titicaca. 当你花一天的时间沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的公路驾车行驶时，欣赏一下美丽的乡村。 China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。(前置定语) The man standing there is an author. 站在那里的那个人是一名作家。(后置定语) [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown (grow) on his own farm. ②He is a student at Oxford University，studying (study) for a degree in computer science. ③The witnesses questioned (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. ④There's a note pinned to the door saying(say) when the shop will open again. ⑤Mrs White showed her students some old maps borrowed (borrow) from the library. ⑥The next thing he saw was smoke rising (rise) from behind the house. ⑦Tsinghua University，founded (found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures. [对应学生用书P65] 动词-ing形式作状语、定语和宾语补足语 一、概述 动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，一般构成为doing；与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，也可表示常态动作，在句中作主语(动名词)、定语、状语、表语、宾语(动名词)或宾语补足语。 二、语法规则 1．动词-ing形式作状语 (1)动词-ing (doing) 形式作状语，与其逻辑主语构成主谓关系，称为现在分词。现在分词的形式有四种。 Doing his homework，he felt asleep. 做作业时，他睡着了。 Having finished their homework，the twins went to play table tennis. 做完作业后，这对双胞胎去打乒乓球了。 (2)动词-ing形式作状语通常表示：时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随。 Having listened to the song many times，the baby can almost sing it completely. 由于多次听这首歌，这个婴儿几乎能完全唱下来。 He looked into the room，finding an old man lying on the floor. 他往房间里看了一眼，发现一位老人躺在地板上。 The teacher came in，carrying a big recorder. 老师进来了，携带着一个大录音机。 2．动词-ing形式作定语 (1)表示名词的属性或作用及用途。 We are not allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 阅览室不准我们大声说话。 There is a swimming pool in our school. 我们学校有一个游泳池。 (2)表示所修饰的名词的动作或状态，相当于一个定语从句。 提示：当分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在该名词后。 The boy studying in the classroom is our monitor. 在教室学习的男孩是我们的班长。 We'll have an exam in the coming week. 下周我们将进行一次考试。 [名师点津]　在下列情况中不能用动词的-ing形式作定语，必须使用定语从句。 ①作定语的v.-ing形式表示的动作与主句谓语的动作不是同时发生，要使用定语从句。例如： The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.(×) The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.(√) 昨天来的教授将给我们讲课。 ②动词的-ing形式的完成式一般只用来作状语，不作定语。例如： The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.(×) The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.(√) 被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。 3．动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语 动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间是主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。 (1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，listen to，look at，notice，observe等。例如： I felt the house shaking. 我觉得房子在晃。 I found a beggar standing at the door. 我发现一个乞丐站在门口。 [名师点津]　在see，hear，feel，watch等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，也可用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行，用省略to的不定式时，表示动作从开始到结束的全过程。 I saw him run across the road. 我看到他跑过了马路。(强调整个过程) I saw him running across the road. 我看见他正跑过马路。(强调正在进行) (2)表示“指使”等意义的动词，如have，set，keep，leave，get等。 Don't keep the water running. 不要让水一直流。 The joke set her crying. 这个玩笑使她哭起来。 [对点集训] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Today there are more airplanes carrying (carry) more people than ever before in the skies. ②Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it being performed (perform) live is quite another. ③Last night，there were millions of people watching (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV. ④He is a promising (promise) man. ⑤Our duty is serving (serve) the people's heart and soul. ⑥Make less noise.There's a sleeping (sleep)child. ⑦Having examined (examine) the car，he set out to repair it. ⑧I often see Mr Smith walking (walk) to work. ⑨The book to be published (publish) in May will be his first book. ⑩He told us an interesting (interest) story. ⑪Hearing (hear) the news，everyone was encouraged. ⑫It's really a convincing speech (有说服力的演讲).(convince) ⑬He left with his little son crying at home (留下小儿子在家哭).(cry) ⑭I find it astonishing (感到难以置信) that you don't like it.(astonish) ⑮I won't have you running around the room (在房间里跑来跑去).(run) ⑯We heard the children shouting upstairs (在楼上叫喊).(shout) ⑰This is the new comer，teaching us English (教我们英语).(teach) ⑱The man speaking to the teacher/talking with the teacher (正与老师谈话的)is our monitor's father.(speak) ⑲I hear there is a swimming pool (一个游泳池)in their school.(swim) ⑳The sleeping girl (正在睡觉的女孩)is his daughter.(sleep) ㉑The man giving us a lecture (给我们作演讲的)last week left for Shenzhen this morning.(give) [对应学生用书P68] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．You should attend the forum where you can discuss your problem with the net citizens. 2．They made their advertisement bright and colourful，hoping to attract(attract) young people. 3．It never occurred to me that he could fail in the examination. 4．Family education really has a great effect on children. 5．Having finished(finish) her work，the woman took a taxi home. 6．Every student wants to have a good rest after a long day at school. 7．Nowadays，it is convenient to shop.You can find whatever you like to know about. 8．The little boy has just invented a new device which/that can help the disabled. 9．Entering the room，I found Mary sitting (sit) at the desk and playing computer games. 10．Women looking (look) after small children in this city usually get paid monthly. 11．The result of the game was disappointing (disappoint). 12．I felt someone patting (pat) me on the shoulder. 13．I heard Mr White singing (sing) in the next door when I passed by. 14．The children practising (practise) playing the violin over there will give a performance next week. 15．I don't like milk，but she made me drink (drink) it. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Jack，would you like to introduce your friend to us? 杰克，给我们介绍一下你的朋友好吗？ 2．In order to help the poor boy，they set up a website HelpBoy. 为了帮助那位可怜的小男孩，他们设立了HelpBoy 网站。 3．This kind of smartphone，to a certain extent，enables the blind to find their way. 这款智能手机在一定程度上能让盲人找到路线。 4．What if it rains heavily tomorrow? 如果明天下雨怎么办？ 5．In that case，we have to put off our visit to the Great Wall. 如果是那样，我们只好推迟参观长城。 6．Do you feel nervous about the coming examination? 对于即将到来的考试，你觉得紧张吗？ 7．In China，people are more likely to get better medical treatment，especially the old people. 在中国，人们更有可能得到更好的治疗，特别是老年人。 8．I searched the Internet for the information for my report. 我在网上搜索报告所需要的信息。 9．The building being built is our teaching building. 那座正在建造的大楼是我们的教学楼。 10．The police caught him stealing a car on the spot. 警察当场撞见他在偷汽车。 11．I saw him playing computer games． 我看见他在玩电脑游戏。 12．In the following years，she worked even harder. 在接下来的几年中，她学习更努力了。 13．What he likes most is playing jokes on others． 他最喜欢的是取笑别人。 14．Who is the boy standing there? 站在那儿的男孩是谁？ 15．He was an inspiring leader． 他是一个鼓舞人心的领导。 16．I often hear him sing in his room． 我经常听到他在房间里唱歌。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $