Challenge Yourself C-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 必修第一册·重庆大学版·Challenge YourselfC 一、重点单词详解 1:stupidity 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.愚蠢：愚笨；蠢事 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：stupid/'stju:prd/（adj.愚蠢的；迟钝的) 名词：stupidity（由stupid+-ity名词后缀构成，表”性质、状态) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：show stupidity(表现出愚蠢)；commit stupidity(做蠢事) 介词搭配：out of stupidity(出于愚蠢)：the stupidity of sth.(某事的愚蠢之处) 四、重点辨析 stupidity(n.)vs.foolishness(n.):stupidity强调天生或持续的愚笨状态；foolishness侧 重一时的不明智行为。 常见句型：It's sheer stupidity to do sth.(做某事纯粹是愚蠢的) 2:dishonest 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.不诚实的：欺诈的 二、构词法（词性转换） 否定前缀：dis-(表否定)+honest(adj.诚实的) 反义词：honest/'prst/(adj.诚实的) 名词：honesty/pnisti/(n.诚实；正直)：dishonesty/ds'pnisti/(n.不诚实) 三、用法与常见搭配 be dishonest with sb.(对某人不诚实) be dishonest about sth.（在某事上不诚实) dishonest behavior(欺诈行为) 四、重点辨析 dishonest vs.deceitful:dishonest侧重违反道德原则；deceitful强调故意欺骗的意图。 3:fearfulness 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.害怕；恐惧；胆怯 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：fear(n.w.害怕) 形容词：fearful/iafl/(adj.害怕的；可怕的) 副词：fearfully/fiofoli/(adv.可怕地；非常地) 名词：fearfi山ness（由fearful+-ness名词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 the fearfulness of sth.(某事的可怕性) tremble with fearfulness(因恐惧而颤抖) 四、重点辨析 fear(n.)vs.fearfulness:fear泛指”害怕；fearfulness强调”胆怯的状态或性质”。 4:magical 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.魔法的；神奇的；迷人的 构词法（词性转换） 名词：magic/med3/(n.魔法；魔术adj.魔法的) 副词：magically /'maed3ki/(adv.神奇地；用魔法地) 三、用法与常见搭配 magical powers(魔力) magical effect(神奇效果) a magical evening(迷人的夜晚) 四、重点辨析 magical vs.magic:magic作形容词时侧重”超自然的”；magical更强调’令人惊叹的、迷 人的。 5:greedy “、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.贪婪的；贪心的；贪吃的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：greed /gri:d/(n.贪婪；贪心) 副词：greedily/gi:dli/(adv.贪婪地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 be greedy for sth.(对某物贪婪) be greedy to do sth.(渴望做某事) a greedy person(贪婪的人) 四、固定句型 Too greedy leads to failure.(太贪婪导致失败) 6:cruel 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：cruelty/ku:lti/(n.残酷；残忍行为) 副词：cely/'kau:eli/（adv.残酷地) 三、用法与常见搭配 be cruel to sb./sth.（对…残酷) cruel treatment(虐待) a cruel remark(冷酷的话) 四、重点辨析 cruel vs..uthless:cuel侧重故意造成痛苦；uthless强调”无情的、不留情面的”。 7:horrible 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.可怕的：恐怖的；极讨厌的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：horror/hora(/（n.恐怖；惊骇) 副词：horribly/hprabli/(ad.可怕地；非常) 三、 用法与常见搭配 a horrible accident(可怕的事故) horrible weather(糟糕的天气) feel horrible(感觉极不舒服) 四、重点辨析 horrible vs.terrible:horrible强调”令人恐惧或厌恶；terrible侧重”严重的、糟糕的”。 8:therefore 一、核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.因此；所以；因而 二、用法与常见搭配 连接句子：前句表原因，后句用herefore引出结果（后常加逗号） He was ill,therefore he didn't attend the meeting. 三、重点辨析 therefore vs..so:herefore更正式，多用于书面语；so口语化，可连接并列句。 四、语法要点 therefore不可直接连接两个分句，需用逗号或分号隔开。 9:image 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.形象；影像；图像；印象 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：imagine/'med3n/(v.想象；设想) 形容词：imaginary'med3nai/(adj.想象的；虚构的) 三、用法与常见搭配 public image（公众形象) create an image(塑造形象) have a good image of sb.(对某人印象好) 四、重点辨析 image vs.picture::image侧重”抽象的形象或印象”；picture指”具体的图画或照片”。 10:see 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v) 核心义：V,看见；看到；领会；理解 二、 词汇变形 过去式：saws:/过去分词：seen/si::n/ 现在分词：seeing 三、用法与常见搭配 see sb.do/doing sth.（看见某人做/正在做某事) see through sb./sth.(看穿；识破) see to sth.(负责；处理) as far as I can see(据我所知) 四、熟词生义 see除”看见”外，可表”领会”(I see your point..)和”经历”(see changes)。 五、重点辨析 see vs.watch:see强调”结果；watch侧重”持续观察”。 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.It was sheerto drive without wearing a seatbelt. A)stupid B)stupidity C)foolish D)foolishness 2.The politician was accused of being_about his financial records A)dishonest B)deceitful C)honest D)loyalty 3.The child trembled with when seeing the thunderstorm. A)fear B)fearft山ness C)fearful D)fearfully 4.The Northern Lights create a sight in the night sky. A)magic B)magically C)magical D)magician 5.His for power led to his eventual downfall. A)greedy B)greedily C)greed D)greediness 6.The king's treatment of prisoners shocked the public. A)cruel B)cruelty C)ruthlessly D)ruthless 7.She described the accident as the most _experience of her life. A)terrible B)horribly C)horror D)horrible 8.He missed the train;_,he was late for the meeting A)so B)therefore C)because D)however 9.The company is working hard to improve its public_ A)image B)picture C)imagine D)imaginary 10.I her crying in the park yesterday afternoon. A)see B)saw C)seen D)seeing (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.Her_(honest)made her lose all her friends. 2.The little girl looked at the spider with (fearful) 3.The_(magic)of the moment left everyone speechless. 4.He stared at the cake(greedy),unable to resist it. 5.The_(cruel)of the war was beyond description 6.She speaks English(horrible),so she practices every day. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.His s in refusing the offer cost him a great opportunity. 2.Being d_about one's mistakes is the first step to correction. 3.The f of the dark kept the child from sleeping alone. 4.The old castle has a m_atmosphere that attracts tourists 5.G for wealth often leads to unhappiness. 6.The boss's c_words made the employees feel worthless 7.The h storm destroyed hundreds of houses in the village 8.He studied hard;t,he passed the exam easily. 9.The company's new aaims to build a friendlier public image 10.I sa strange man following me home last night. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BA B CC A D B A B 2.补全句子答案： 1.dishonesty 2.fearfulness 3.magic 4.greedily 5.cruelty 6.horribly 3.首字母填空答案： 1.stupidity 2.dishonest 3.fearfulness 4.magical 5.Greed 6.cruel 7.horrible 8.therefore 9 Os.no以e·一美乳师·生K首门k4并 Mes 'OI eeurt