Unit 4 Literature and Art-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 必修第三册·重庆大学版·Unit4 LiteratureandArt-.ReadingFurt her 一、 重点单词详解 1:consume 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.消耗；消费；吃；喝 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：sm(拿取)；前缀con-（共同)：后缀-ume(动词后缀) 名词：consumption/kam'smpn/(n.消费；消耗) 形容词：consumable /ken'sju:mebl/(adj.可消耗的；n.消耗品) 三、用法与常见搭配 及物动词，后接宾语： consume energy/.ime(消耗能量/时间) consume food/diks(吃/喝食物饮料) be consumed by（被…吞噬，如：be consumed by anxiety被焦虑吞噬) 四、重点辨析 consume vs.spend:consume侧重”消耗资源/精力”（主语多为事物），spend侧重花费 时间/金钱”（主语为人）。 例：The machine consumes too much electricity.(机器耗电多) She spends2 hours reading daily..（她每天花2小时阅读) 2:evidence 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n证据；证明；迹象v.证明（正式）》 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：evident/evidant/(adj.明显的；显然的) 副词：evident山y /'evidantli/(adv.显然；明显地) 三、用法与常见搭配 n.不可数名词： 搭配：strong evidence(有力证据)；provide evidence(提供证据) 句型：There is evidence that..(有证据表明…) v.正式用法：evidence sth.(证明某事) 例：Her success evidences her hard work.(她的成功证明了她的努力) 四、重点辨析 evidence vs..proof::evidence指间接证据，proof指直接证据（侧重结论性）。 例：The police found evidence of his guilt..(警方发现他有罪的证据) The DNA test is proof of his innocence.(DNA检测是他无罪的直接证据) 3:concentration 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：.专心；专注；浓度 二、构词法(term性转换) 动词：concentrate/konsntrert/(v.集中；浓缩) 形容词：concentrated./'kpnsntrertrd(adj.集中的；浓缩的) 三、用法与常见搭配 搭配：concentration on sth.(对某事的专注) high/low concentration（高/低浓度) 动词concentrate搭配：concentrate on(专注于)；concentrate sth.into.(将某物浓缩到 …) 例：Her concentration on study made her top student..(她专注学习，成了尖子生) 四、拓展 反义词：distraction/dr'straek/(n.分心) 4:stress 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v.) 核心义：n压力；紧张；强调v.强调；使紧张 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：stressful/stresfl/(ad.充满压力的) stressed /strest/(adj.感到压力的) 三、用法与常见搭配 n.不可数/可数：under stress(处于压力下)；mental stress(精神压力) v.搭配：stress the importance of(强调…的重要性) 例：Teachers stress the need for teamwork.（老师强调团队合作的必要性) 四、重点辨析 stress vs.pressure:stress侧重”精神压力”，pressure侧重”外部压力”（如物理压力、社 会压力)。 例：Work stress affects her health.(工作压力影响健康) The water pressure is too low.（水压太低) 5:digest 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.消化；领会；理解n.摘要；文摘 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：digestion/dar'd3estn/(n.消化；消化力) 形容词：digestible/dar'd3 establ/(adj.易消化的；易懂的) 三、用法与常见搭配 v.搭配：digest food(消化食物)；digest information(理解信息) n.搭配：a digest of news(新闻摘要) 例：It's hard to digest so much knowledge in a day.(一天内难以消化这么多知识) 四、拓展 发音差异：动词重音在第二音节，名词重音在第一音节。 6:desert 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v.) 核心义：n.沙漠；荒漠v.抛弃；遗弃；擅离 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：deserted/drz3td/(adj.被遗弃的；无人的) 名词：desertion/d'z3:n/(n.遗弃；擅离职守) 三、用法与常见搭配 v.搭配：desert sb./sth.(抛弃某人/某物) desert one's post(擅离职守) 例：He deserted his family for a new life.(他抛弃家庭开始新生活) 四、重点辨析 desert vs.abandon:desert侧重”违背责任的抛弃”（如desert one's duty渎职），abandon 侧重”彻底放弃？（如abandon hope放弃希望)。 7:important 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.重要的；重大的；有地位的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：importance/Im'p3tns/(n.重要性) 副词：impo1 tantly/m'p3tnti/(adv.重要地；关键是) 三、用法与常见搭配 搭配：be important to sb.（对某人重要) It is important(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说做某事很重要) 例：It is important for students to balance study and rest.(学生平衡学习与休息很重要) 四、重点辨析 important vs..significant:important侧重”普遍重要性，significant侧重？有意义、有影 响”（更正式)。 例：Family is important to everyone.（家庭对每个人都重要) Her discovery is significant for science.(她的发现对科学有重大意义) 8:stick 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.粘贴；刺；坚持n.棍；棒（此处仅讲动词难点用法) 二、构词法（词性转换） 过去式过去分词：stck/stk/(adj.卡住的；陷入的) 形容词：sticky/stki(adj.粘性的；棘手的) 三、用法与常见搭配 V.多义核心搭配 stick to sth.(坚持某事，如原则/计划) stick with sb.(支持某人) stick sth.on.(把某物粘贴在…上) 例：Stick to your dream and never give up.（坚持梦想，永不放弃) 四、拓展 stuck作为形容词：be stuck in(陷入…) 例：The car was stuck in the mud.(车陷在泥里了) 9:gap 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.缺口：差距；间隔：分歧 、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：gaping/'gepn/(adj.张开的；巨大的，如gaping hole大洞) 三、用法与常见搭配 搭配：the gap between A and B(A与B之间的差距) bridge/narrow the ga即（缩小差距) 例：The gap between rich and poor needs to be reduced.(贫富差距需要缩小) 四、重点辨析 gap vs.difference:gap侧重”具体差距/缺口”（如时间、空间、能力），difference侧重” 抽象差异。 例：There's a generation gap between parents and kids.(父母与孩子有代沟) The difference between them is obvious.(他们之间的差异很明显) 10:grain 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.谷物：粮食；颗粒（此处侧重”颗粒；细微”抽象用法） 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The new machine less energy than the old one,which helps reduce costs A)consumes B)spends C)uses D)takes 2.There is clearthat regular exercise improves mental health. A)evidence B)proof C)sign D)indication 3.To solve this problem,we need to focus on-our efforts on key areas. A)concentrating B)focusing C)centering D)directing 4.High levels of workcan lead to sleep disorders and other health issues. A)stress B)pressure C)tension D)anxiety 5.It takes time toall the information from the lecture,so don't rush A)digest B)understand C)absorb D)comprehend 6.No one should_their responsibilities,especially in times of crisis. A)desert B)abandon C)leave D)quit 7.It is for students to develop critical thinking skills in modern society. A)important B)significant C)crucial D)vital 8.If you_to your goals and work hard,you will eventually succeed. A)stick B)adhere C)cling D)hold 9.The between the two teams in skill was obvious during the match. A)gap B)difference C)distance D)separation 10.The farmer stored different types of in the barn for the winter. A)grain B)crop C)seed D)cereal (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.The doctor advised her to avoid(stress)situations to lower blood pressure. 2.The_(consume)of fast food has increased significantly among teenagers. 3.Her(concentrate)on the task allowed her to finish it ahead of time. 4.The results (evidence)the effectiveness of the new teaching method. 5.This book is written in simple language,making it easily_(digest)for young readers. 6.The_(important)of environmental protection cannot be overstated. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The factory was shut down due to high energy c 2.The police are still looking for eto prove the suspect's guilt 3.Poor c_in class often leads to lower academic performance. 4.Many students feel sbefore important exams. 5.She finds it hard to d spicy food because of her stomach condition. 6.The soldier was punished for d his post without permission 7.It is i to read the instructions carefully before using the machine. 8.He used glue to sthe broken pieces of the vase back together. 9.The government is taking measures to narrow the gbetween urban and rural areas. 10.The recipe requires two cups of whole wheat gflour. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AAAAAAAAAA 解析1（第1题)： 考查consume的固定用法。consume energy表示”消耗能量，符合句意”新机器比I旧机 器消耗更少的能量，有助于降低成本”；spend通常主语是人，表示”花费时间/金钱，不 符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查evidence的固定用法。There is clear evidence that..表示”有明确证据表明”，符 合句意”有明确证据表明定期锻炼能改善心理健康”；poof强调直接证据，不符合语境， 故选A。 解析3（第3题）： 考查concentrate的固定用法。concentrate efforts on表示？集中精力于”，符合句意”为了 解决这个问题，我们需要把精力集中在关键领域”：focus on虽然意思相近，但concentrate 更强调”集中”的含义，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.stressful 2.consumption 3.concentration 4.evidence 5.digestible 6.importance 3.首字母填空答案： 1.consumption 2.evidence 3.concentration 4.stressed 5.digest 6.deserting 7.important 8. stick 9.gap 10.grain 英语词汇复习手册·必修第三册·Unit4 Literature and Art-Reading Further