Challenge Yourself A-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 必修第二册·重庆大学版·Challenge YourselfA 一、重点单词详解 1:challenge 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)/动词(v.) 核心义：n.挑战：艰巨任务v.挑战：质疑；考验 二、构词法（词性转换） 无明显词根，可关联形容词challenging(adj.具有挑战性的) 副词：challengingly(adv.挑战性地) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词：face a challenge(面临挑战)；meet the challenge(应对挑战)；accept/take up a challenge(接受挑战) 动词：challenge sb.to sth.(向某人挑战某事)；challenge sb.'s authority/decision（质疑某 人的权威/决定)：challenge oneself(挑战自我) 四、拓展用法 熟词僻义：v.对…提出质疑（如challenge the results of the election质疑选举结果) 2:overcome 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.克服；战胜；解决 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀over-(越过，超过)+come(来)→字面义”过来”，引申为”克服” 过去式/过去分词：overcame/,aUva'kerm/,overcome(不规则变化) 名词：overcomer(n.克服困难者) 三、用法与常见搭配 overcome difficulties/problems(克服困难/问题)；overcome fear/shyness(战胜恐惧/羞 怯)；be overcome by(被…压倒，如be overcome by emotion被情绪激动压倒) 四、重点辨析 ove1 come vs..conquer:overcome侧重克服抽象事物（困难、情绪等）；conquer侧重征服 国家、自然或人（如conquer the enemy征服敌人） 3:potential 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.)/名词(n.) 核心义：adj.潜在的；可能的n.潜力；潜能 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根potent(adj.有力的，有效的)+-ial(形容词后缀)→potential(潜在的)；名词形 式同形 副词：potentially(adv.潜在地；可能地) 动词：potentiate(v.增强…的效果) 之、 用法与常见搭配 形容词：potential danger/risk(潜在危险/风险)；potential customers(潜在客户) 名词：develop/.exploit one's potential(开发/挖掘某人的潜力)；have the potential to do sth (有做某事的潜力) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：realize/achieve one's potential（实现某人的潜力) 4:perseverance 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.毅力；坚持不懈 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词persevere/,p3:sa'Ia()/(v.坚持)+-ance(名词后缀，表示”性质、状态”) 形容词：perseverant(adj.坚持不懈的) 三、用法与常见搭配 show perseverance(表现出毅力)；with perseverance(坚持不懈地)；perseverance in sth./doing sth.(在某事/做某事上的坚持) 四、重点辨析 perseverance vs.persistence:两者均有”坚持”之意，perseverance侧重在困难中坚持； persistence可指中性的持续，有时含贬义（固执） 5:communication 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.交流：沟通：通讯：传达 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词communicate /ka'mju:nikert/(v.交流；沟通)+-ion（名词后缀) 形容词：communicative(adj.爱说话的；善于沟通的) 三、用法与常见搭配 verbal/hon-verbal communication(语言/非语言交流)：communication with sb.(与某人的 沟通)means of communication(通讯方式)；have good communication skills（具备良好 的沟通技巧) 四、拓展用法 不可数名词泛指”沟通”，可数名词指”通讯工具/信息”（如a communication from the government.政府的一则通讯) 6:misunderstand 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.误解；误会 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀mis-(错误地)+understand(理解)→误解 过去式/过去分词：misunderstood/mIsand'std/(不规则变化) 名词：misunderstanding（n.误解；误会) 三、用法与常见搭配 misunderstand sb.sth.(误解某人/某事)；be misunderstood(被误解) 四、常见搭配拓展 clear up a misunderstanding(澄清误会)；avoid misunderstanding(避免误会) 7:reconcile 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.使和解；使一致；调和 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀1e(再次)+concile(源自拉丁语”使和睦)→使再次和睦 名词：reconciliation/,rekensili'er/(n.和解；调和) 形容词：reconcilable(adj.可调和的)；irreconcilable(adj山.不可调和的) 三、用法与常见搭配 reconcile sb.with sb.(使某人和解)；reconcile sth.with sth.(使两事物一致，如reconcile work and family调和工作与家庭)；be reconciled to sth.(接受某事，如be reconciled to the loss接受损失) 四、重点辨析 reconcile vs.harmonize:reconcile侧重解决矛盾达成和解；harmonize侧重使协调一致 (如harmonize colors协调颜色) 8:attitude 、 核心考点 词性：名词（n.) 核心义：n.态度；看法；姿态 二、构词法（词性转换） 无明显词根，形容词attitudinal(adj.态度的) 三、用法与常见搭配 attitude towards/tosb.sth.(对某人/某事的态度)；positive/negative attitude(积极/消极态 度)；take a(n).attitude(采取…态度，如take a responsible attitude采取负责任的态 度) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：have an attitude(口语，指态度不好，如He has an attitude.他态度恶劣。) 9:value 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)/动词(v.) 核心义：n.价值：价值观：重要性v.重视；珍视：估价 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：valuable/vaeljuabl/(ad.有价值的；贵重的)；invaluable/m'vaeljuabl/(adj.极 宝贵的，无价的，注意无否定含义) 副词：valuably(adv.有价值地) 名词：valuation(n.估价：评价) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词：of great value(很有价值的)：sense of value(价值观)；the value of education（教 育的重要性) 动词：value sth./sb.（重视某物/某人，如value honesty重视诚实)；value sth.at.(估价 为…，如The house is valued at$500,000.这房子估价50万美元。) 四、重点辨析 valuable vs..invaluable:valuable指”有价值的，值钱的”；invaluable指价值连城的，无 法估价的，比valuable程度更深 10:improve 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.提高；改善；增进 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀i-(使…，加强)+prove(证明，源自拉丁语”变得更好)→使变得更好→ 改善 名词：improvement(n.改善；提高) 形容词：improved(adj.改进的；提高的) 三、用法与常见搭配 improve sth.(改善某事，如improve one's English提高英语水平)；improve on/upon sth (改进某物，比原来更好，如improve on the previous design改进之前的设计)；improve in sth.(在某方面好转，如improve in health健康好转) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：There is room for improvement..(仍有改进空间。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.She decided to take up theoflearning a new language in three months. A)challenge B)potential C)communication D)attitude 2.With great he finally finished the marathon despite the heavy rain A)value B)perseverance C)misunderstanding D)improvement 3.It's important to your fear when facing difficulties A)overcome B)reconcile C)challenge D)improve 4.The company is trying to develop themarket in rural areas. A)potential B)communicative C)perseverant D)valuable 5.Good skills are necessary for building strong relationships A)communication B)reconciliation C)attitude D)value 6.Don'ther silence as agreement,she might just be shy. A)misunderstand B)reconcile C)challenge D)improve 7.He needs to his work schedule with his family life A)reconcile B)overcome C)value D)potential 8.A positive towards life can help you deal with stress better. A)attitude B)perseverance C)communication D)challenge 9.This book is of great_to students learning English grammar. A)value B)potential C)improvement D)misunderstanding 10.Regular practice will help youyour spoken English quickly. A)improve B)challenge C)overcome D)reconcile (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.Her_(persevere)in studying finally led to her success. 2.We need to avoid(understand)by explaining clearly. 3.He has the(potential)to solve the problem. 4.The team showed great_(persevere)during the difficult match. 5.Effective(communicate)is the key to a happy marriage. 6.She made an(improve)in her math grades after extra classes. 7.The(reconcile)between the two friends surprised everyone. 8.His_(attitude)towards work has changed since last year 9.The(value)painting was stolen from the museum last night. 10.We should develop our(potential)to the full. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.With p,you can achieve any goal you set for yourself. 2.The main cwe face now is how to reduce costs without lowering quality. 3.She has the pto become a top musician if she keeps practicing. 4.Good cbetween parents and children is very important. 5.He tried to ohis shyness by joining the school drama club 6.Don't m_his words,he didn't mean to hurt you. 7.It took a long time for them to r after the argument. 8.A positive a can make a big difference in your daily life. 9.This old watch has great svalue for my family. 10.Regular exercise can i your physical and mental health (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AB AAAAAAAA 2.补全句子答案： 1.perseverance 2.misunderstanding 3.potential 4.perseverance 5.communication 6.im- provement 7.reconciliation 8.attitude 9.valuable 10.potential 3.首字母填空答案： 1.perseverance 2.challenge 3.potential 4.communication 5.overcome 6.misunderstand 7. reconcile 8.attitude 9.sentimental 10.improve 英语词汇复习手册·必修第二册·Challenge Yourself A