Unit 6 Nature in words 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第三册·外研版·Unit6 Natureinwords.二 一、 重点单词详解 1:innocent 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 否定前缀n-(不)+词根noc(伤害)+形容词后缀-emt→字面义”不会造成伤害的”，引 申为”天真的：无辜的 名词：innocence/'nsns/(n.天真；清白) 三、用法与常见搭配 1.表”天真无邪？（形容人或行为）：an innocent child(天真的孩子)，innocent smile(无 邪的笑容) 2.表”无辜的”（法律或道德层面）：be innocent of sth.(无罪；无过错) 3.表”无恶意的”（形容言行）：innocent remarks（无心的话) 四、重点辨析 innocent vs.naive:innocent强调”清白无恶意”，不含贬义，如innocent mistake(无心之 过)；naive强调”缺乏经验而轻信”，含贬义，如naive belief(幼稚的想法) 五、作文高级句型 Her innocent eyes reflected the purity of a child,reminding us of the simple joys we often overlook in adulthood 她天真的眼睛映照着孩童的纯粹，提醒我们不要忽视成年后常被遗忘的简单快乐。 2:enhance 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.改进；增强；提高 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀en-（使…)+词根hance(高度)→使达到更高程度，即”增强” 名词：enhancement /in'ha:nsment/(n.增强；改进) 三、用法与常见搭配 1.后接抽象名词，表'提升品质/价值：enhance reputation(提高声誉)，enhance efficiency (提升效率)，enhance understanding(增进理解) 2.固定搭配：enhance sth.by doing sth.(通过做某事增强…) 四、重点辨析 enhance vs.improve:enhance侧重”使更有吸引力/价值”，如enhance beauty(增添美 感)；improve侧重”纠正不足，变得更好”，如improve health(改善健康) 五、作文高级句型 Regular exercise not only strengthens the body but also enhances mental resilience,which is crucial for coping with life's challenges. 规律运动不仅强健身体，还能增强心理韧性，这对应对生活挑战至关重要。 3:bleak 、核心考点 词性：形容词（adj.) 核心义：adj.阴冷的；阴郁的；无望的 二、构词法 源自中古英语blec（苍白的)，后衍生为”缺乏温暖或希望”的含义 副词：bleakly/'bli:ki/(adv.阴郁地；无望地) 名词：bleakness/bli:kas/(n.阴冷：凄凉) 三、用法与常见搭配 l.形容环境：”阴冷的”（天气/景色）：bleak winter(寒冬)，bleak landscape(荒凉的景 色) 2.形容前景：”无望的”（机会/未来）：bleak future(渺茫的未来)，bleak prospects(黯 淡的前景) 3.形容情绪：”阴郁的”（表情/语气）：bleak expression（阴郁的表情) 四、重点辨析 bleak vs..gloomy:bleak强调'缺乏生机和希望”，如bleak desert(荒芜沙漠)；gloomy 侧重”光线昏暗或心情压抑”，如gloomy1oom(昏暗房间) 五、作文高级句型 Despite the bleak economic situation,the community united to support each other,proving that hope can thrive even in hardship. 尽管经济形势黯淡，社区成员仍团结互助，证明希望在困境中也能绽放。 4:alert 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)adj.警觉的；警惕的n.警报 核心义：v.提醒；使意识到 二、构词法（词性转换） 源自意大利语all?eta(到高处)，后引申为”保持高度注意， 形容词：alet(警觉的)→动词：alet(提醒)名词：alet（警报) 三、用法与常见搭配 1.动词：提醒某人注意危险/问题：alert sb.to sth.(提醒某人注意某事) 2.形容词：警觉的”，表状态：be alert to sth.（对…警觉)，stay alert(保持警惕) 3.名词：警报”（突发事件通知）：fire alert(火警)，security alert（安全警报) 四、重点辨析 alert vs.wam:alet侧重”及时提醒以做好准备”，如alert the public(提醒公众)；wan 侧重”警告危险后果'，如warn of danger(警告危险) 五、作文高级句型 Citizens should stay alert to environmental changes,as early awareness can prevent many natural disasters. 公民应警惕环境变化，因为早期意识能预防许多自然灾害。 5:chorus 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v,) 核心义：n.合唱曲；合唱队；齐声V.齐声说 二、构词法 源自希腊语horos(舞蹈队)，后泛指”集体表演或声音， 动词：chorus(v.齐声说)形容词：choral /'ko:rel/(合唱的) 三、用法与常见搭配 1.名词：”合唱曲/队：school chorus(学校合唱团)，sing in chorus（合唱) 2.名词：”齐声”，后接of+复数名词：a chorus of cheers（齐声欢呼)，a chorus of complaints(一片抱怨声) 3.动词：”齐声说”，后接直接引语：The crowd chorused,Welcome home! 四、固定搭配 in chorus(齐声地)，join the chorus(加入合唱/一致行动) 五、作文高级句型 The chorus of birds at dawn creates a symphony of nature,reminding us of the beauty in col- lective harmony. 黎明时分的鸟鸣合唱构成自然的交响曲，提醒我们集体和谐之美。 6:precise 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.精确的： 丝不苟的 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀pre(预先)+词根cis(切割→预先切割好的，即”精确的” 副词：precisely/pr'sarsli/(adv.精确地；恰好) 名词：precision/pm's3n/（n.精确性) 三、用法与常见搭配 1.表”精确的”（数据/时间)：precise measurement(精确测量)，at the precise moment (就在那一刻) 2.表”一丝不苟的？（形容人)：precise in work（工作严谨)，a precise person（一丝不苟 的人) 四、重点辨析 precise vs..accurate:precise强调”细节准确，不模糊？”，如precise instructions(明确指 示)；accurate强调”与事实一致”，如accurate data(准确数据) 五、作文高级句型 Scientific research requires precise observation and rigorous analysis,for even a small error can lead to incorrect conclusions. 科研需要精确观察和严谨分析，因为微小误差也可能导致错误结论。 7:passionate 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.具有强烈信念的；热情的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词passion(激情)+形容词后缀-ate→passionate(充满激情的) 副词：passionately/'pafanatli/(adv.热情地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 1.表”热情的”（情感/爱好)：passionate about music（热爱音乐)，passionate speech（充 满激情的演讲) 2.表”强烈信念的”（观点/行动）：passionate advocate(坚定的倡导者)，passionate belief in justice(对正义的坚定信念) 四、固定搭配 be passionate+about sth.(对…充满热情) 五、作文高级句型 A passionate heart can turn ordinary tasks into extraordinary achievements,as enthusiasm fuels perseverance and creativity. 一颗充满激情的心能将平凡任务化为非凡成就，因为热情是毅力与创造力的源泉。 8:moribund 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j) 核心义：adj.垂死的；奄奄一息的；停滞不前的 二、构词法 源自拉丁语moribundus（垂死的) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The little girl's smile melted everyone's heart in the room. A)innocent B)naive C)guilty D)cautious 2.Regular reading can significantly_your vocabulary and comprehension skills A)improve B)enhance C)correct D)reduce 3.The_winter landscape stretched for miles with no signs of life. A)gloomy B)bleak C)dark D)dull 4.The security guard the public to the potential danger of pickpockets in the area. A)warned B)alerted C)informed D)notified 5.The crowd_"Happy Birthday"as the candles were lit on the cake. A)shouted B)cried C)chorused D)whispered 6.Scientists need to take measurements to ensure the accuracy of their experiments. A)accurate B)correct C)precise D)exact 7.Herspeech about environmental protection inspired many young people to take action A)passionate B)emotional C)exciting D)interesting 8.Theold man was surrounded by his family in his final hours. A)dying B)moribund C)dead D)fatal 9.The new technology has been designed to_the efficiency of the manufacturing process A)improve B)enhance C)raise D)lift 10.The detective discovered evidence that proved the suspect was_of the crime. A)innocent B)guilty C)aware D)ignorant (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.Her_(innocent名词形式)was evident in the way she trusted everyone she met 2.The_(enhance名词形式)of public transport wil1 educe traffic congestion in the city. 3.The(bleak副词形式)cold wind made the winter afternoon even more miserable, 4.The government issued a security_(alet名词形式)following the recent terrorist threats. 5.The school's_(chorus形容词形式)group won first prize in the national competition. 6.The_(precise副词形式)calibrated instrument provided accurate data for the research, 7.He spoke_(passionate副词形式)about his vision for a better future for all citizens. 8.The_(moribund名词形式)of the traditional industry became obvious with the rise of new technologies. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The i child had no idea about the dangers of talking to strangers. 2.Exercise and a balanced diet can ethe quality of your life significantly. 3.Despite the beconomic forecast,the company remains optimistic about its future. 4.It's important to stay ato changes in the market to avoid making wrong decisions. 5.The entire class sang the school song in cduring the morning assembly 6.The experiment requires p timing to ensure reliable results. 7.She has always been pabout helping the poor and disadvantaged in society. 8.The once-thriving neighborhood now has a m_atmosphere with closed shops and empty streets. 9.The professor's lecture helped to e my understanding of quantum physics. 10.The police officer's quick action a others to the fire before it spread further. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A BBB CC A BB A 2.补全句子答案： 1.innocence 2.enhancement 3.bleakly 4.alert 5.choral 6.precisely 7.passionately 8.mori- bundity 3.首字母填空答案： 1.innocent 2.enhance 3.bleak 4.alert 5.chorus 6.precise 7.passionate 8.moribund 9.en- hance 10.alerted 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第三册·Unit6 Nature in words二