Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·外研版·Unit2 Onwardsandupwards 一、 重点单词详解 1:inform 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v,) 核心义：v.通知，告知 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：fom(n.形式；形状) 前缀：in-(进入，使) 名词：information/,Infa'mern/(n.信息；资料) 形容词：informed/In'f:md/(adj.有知识的；了解情况的) 三、用法与常见搭配 inform sb.of/about sth.(通知某人某事) inform sb.that.（告知某人…) keep sb.informed(使某人随时了解情况) 四、拓展用法 被动语态：be informed of(被告知) 分词作定语：an informed decision(基于充分信息的决定) 2:dread 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.畏惧，惧怕；n.恐惧，担忧 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：dreadful/dredfl/(adj.可怕的；糟糕的)》 副词：dreadfully/'dredfoli/(adv.极其；非常) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词：dread doing sth.(害怕做某事) dread that.…（担心…) 名词：in dread of(害怕…) with dread(恐惧地) 四、辨析 dread vs.fear:dread强调对未来可能发生的事的恐惧，fear侧重对即时危险的害怕 3:persevere 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.锲而不舍，坚持不懈 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀：per-(贯穿，始终) 词根：severe(adj.严厉的；艰难的) 名词：perseverance/,p3:sa'Iras/(n.毅力；坚持不懈) 、 用法与常见搭配 persevere in doing sth.(坚持做某事) persevere with sth.(继续努力做某事) 四、拓展用法 写作常用：Perseverance is the key to success..(毅力是成功的关键) 4:nevertheless 核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.然而，不过；conj.然而，尽管如此 二、用法与常见搭配 作副词：可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号隔开 例：He was tired,nevertheless,he kept working 作连词：引导让步状语从句(however) 三、辨析 nevertheless vs.however::nevertheless语气更强，带有”尽管如此仍”的转折意味 5:endurance 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：.（忍）耐力；持久力 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：endure/in'djua()/(v.忍耐；忍受) 形容词：enduring /i'djum/(adj.持久的；不朽的) 三、用法与常见搭配 physical endurance(体力耐力) mental end1ance(精神耐力) beyond endurance(忍无可忍) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：test one's endurance(考验某人的耐力) 6:rejection 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.拒绝，否决：排斥 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：reject/'d3ekt/(v.拒绝；排斥) 形容词：rejective/n'd3ektv/(adj.拒绝的；排斥的) 三、用法与常见搭配 1 ejection letter(拒绝信) face rejection(面临拒绝) 四、辨析 rejection vs..refusal:rejection侧重对提案、申请等的正式拒绝，refusal泛指任何形式的 拒绝 7:criticism 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.批评；指责；评论 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：criticize/kitrsarz/(v.批评；评论) 名词：critic/'krtr/(n.评论家；批评者) 形容词：critical/kutrk/(adj.批评的：关键的) 三、用法与常见搭配 constructive criticism(建设性批评) receive criticism(接受批评) criticize sb.for sth.(因某事批评某人) 四、拓展用法 be critical of(对…持批评态度) critical thinking(批判性思维) 8:guarantee 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V,保证；确保；n.保证；保修单 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：guaranteed/.grn'ti:d/(adj.有保证的；确定的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词：guarantee to do sth.（保证做某事) gua1 antee that..（保证…) 名词：give a guarantee（提供保证) under guarantee(在保修期内) 四、辨析 guarantee vs.ensure:guarantee侧重对产品质量、服务等的承诺，ensure强调使某事必 然发生 9:delighted 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.愉快的，高兴的 二migr、构词法（词性转换） 动词：delight/dr'lart/(v.使高兴；n.高兴) 形容词：delightful /dr'lartfl/(adj.令人愉快的) 三、用法与常见搭配 be delighted to do sth.(高兴做某事) be delighted with sth.(对某事感到满意) to one's delight(令某人高兴的是) 四、辨析 delighted vs.delightful:delighted修饰人，表示”感到高兴的'；delightful修饰物，表示 令人高兴的” 10:rarely 一、 核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.很少，难得；罕见地 二、用法与常见搭配 位于句首时，句子需部分倒装 例：Rarely do we see such a beautiful sunset. 修饰动词时位于实义动词前，系动词、助动词后 例：She rarely goes out at night. 三、辨析 1 arely vs.hardly:1aely侧重？不常发生”，hardly侧重”几乎不”，强调程度 四、拓展用法 双重否定：rarely not(几乎总是) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The manager promised to keep us_of how our project was going on. A)inform B)informing C)informed D)to inform 2.She_going to the dentist because she had a bad experience before. A)dreads B)fears C)terrifies D)panics 3.Despite the difficulties,he in his research and finally succeeded. A)persisted B)persevered C)insisted D)resisted 4.The task was very challenging,_,we managed to complete it on time. A)therefore B)moreover C)nevertheless D)otherwise 5.Long-distance running requires great physical_and mental strength A)endurance B)tolerance C)patience D)resistance 6.After several from publishers,she finally found a company willing to print her book. A)refusals B)rejections C)denials D)declines 7.The film received mixed from audiences-some loved it,while others criticized its plot A)comments B)criticism C)reviews D)opinions 8.The company_that all products will be delivered within three business days. A)ensures B)guarantees C)assures D)confirms 9.We were_to hear that our team had won the championship. A)delightful B)pleasing C)delighted D)satisfying 10.-have I seen such a stunning performance in this small theater. A)Seldom B)Rarely C)Hardly D)Scarcely (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.It is important to make an(inform)decision based on all available facts. 2.The_(dread)storm caused widespread damage to the coastal area 3.His success is attributed to his strong(persevere)and positive attitude. 4.The novel has an-(endure)appeal that has attracted readers for decades. 5.The teacher's(criticize)helped the student improve his writing skills. 6.The product comes with a two-year_(guarantee),so you don't need to worry about re- pairs. 7.She felt (delight)with the birthday present from her parents. 8.(rare)does the museum display such ancient artifacts to the public. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Please i me of any changes to the meeting schedule as soon as possible 2.Many children d going to the doctor because they are afraid of injections. 3.To achieve your goals,you need to p_even when faced with obstacles 4.The team lost the first game,n,they continued to train hard for the next match 5.Mountain climbers must have excellent physical e to reach high altitudes. 6.After sending out 20 job applications,he finally received a r letter from his dream com- pany. 7.Constructive c_can help employees grow and improve their work performance 8.The manufacturer offers a gthat the product will work properly for five years. 9.The children were d to visit the amusement park for the first time. 10.R have we had such heavy rain in this region during the summer months. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：CABCA BBBAB 2.补全句子答案：informed dreadful perseverance enduring criticism guarantee delighted Rarely 3.首字母填空答案：inform dread persevere nevertheless endurance rejection criticism guarantee delighted Rarely 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit2 Onwards and upwards一