Unit 5 Revealing nature 一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（外研版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·外研版·Unit5 Revealingnature-一 一、 重点单词详解 1:distant 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；不友好的 二、必记搭配与例句 a distant village遥远的村庄 in the distant past在遥远的过去 a distant relative远亲 distant manner冷淡的态度 be distant from离…远；与…疏远 The school is distant from my home.学校离我家很远。 三、重点辨析 distant VS far:distant强调距离上的”遥远”，可用于具体或抽象意义，常作定语；far表 示”远的”，可作表语或定语，口语中更常用，如：a far country(遥远的国家)，但distant 更正式。 2:evolve 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.进化；演变；逐步发展 二、必记搭配与例句 Man evolved from apes..人类由猿进化而来。 The simple plan evolved into a complicated one..简单的计划逐渐发展成复杂的方案。 evolve new methods开发新方法 the theory of evolution进化论 三、重点用法 名词：evolution/i:va'lu:fnl(进化；演变) 形容词：evolutionary/,i:va'lu:ui/(进化的；演变的) 派生词：coevolve/kaI'volv/(v.共同进化)，如：Plants and insects often coevolve.植物 和昆虫常常共同进化。 3:suspect 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.猜疑；怀疑；觉得.嫌疑犯：可疑对象 二、必记搭配与例句 I suspect that he is lying.我怀疑他在撒谎。 She was suspected of stealing the money..她被怀疑偷了钱。 They suspected him to be the murderer.他们怀疑他是凶手。 a murder suspect谋杀案嫌疑犯 三、重点辨析 suspect VS doubt:suspect表示”怀疑…是真的”，doubt表示”怀疑…是假的”，如：I suspect he is honest..(我觉得他是诚实的)；I doubt he is honest.(我怀疑他不诚实). 4:generate 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.产生；创造；引起 二、必记搭配与例句 generate electricity发电 generate heat产生热量 generate interest引起兴趣 The new policy generated a lot of discussion.新政策引起了很多讨论。 generate income创造收入 三、重点用法 名词：generation/,d3ena'rerfn/(一代：一代人；产生) 名词：generator/'d3 enarerta(/(发电机；发生器) 形容词：generative/d3 enoretrv./(有生产力的；生成的) 5:characteristic “、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、形容词(adj.) 核心义：n.特征；特性adj.典型的；特有的 二、必记搭配与例句 Patience is a characteristic of a good teacher..耐心是好老师的特征。 main/key characteristic主要特征 be characteristic of是…的典型特征 It is characteristic of him to be late.迟到是他的典型特征。 三、重点辨析 characteristic VS feature:characteristic指人或事物天生具有的、区别于他人或他物的特 征；feature指显著的、引人注耳的特点，也可指容貌特征，如：a facial feature(面部特 征)。 6:decline 一 核心考点 词性：动词(v)、名词(n) 核心义：v.减少；下降；衰退；拒绝n.减少；下降；衰退 二、必记搭配与例句 The population of the town has declined.这个城镇的人口减少了。 She declined my invitation.她拒绝了我的邀请。 He declined to answer the question.他拒绝回答这个问题。 decline in sth.在某方面下降 a decline in sales销售额下降 economic decline经济衰退 on the decline在衰退中；在减少中 三、重点辨析 decline VS refuse VS reject:decline语气较委婉，指礼貌地拒绝；refuse普通用词，指坚 决拒绝；reject语气更强，指正式拒绝或抛弃，如：reject an offer(拒绝提议)。 7:blame 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n) 核心义：v.责怪；指责；把…归咎于n.责备；责任 二、必记搭配与例句 He blamed me for the mistake.他因这个错误责备我。 They blamed the accident on the bad weather.他们把事故归咎于恶劣天气。 Who is to blame for the failure?谁该为失败负责？ take the blame承担责任 put/lay the blame on sb.把责任推给某人 三、重点用法 形容词：blameless/blemmlas/(无过错的：无可指责的) 固定句型：Don't blame me..别怪我。（口语中常用） 8:disgrace 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.丢脸：耻辱v.使丢脸：使蒙羞 必记搭配与例句 His behavior was a disgrace to his family.他的行为是他家的耻辱。 in disgrace处于不光彩的地位：受处分 He was in disgrace after the scandal.丑闻 三、 重点用法 形容词：disgraceful/drs'grersfl/(丢脸的；不光彩的) 副词：disgracefully/drs'grersfl/(丢脸地；不光彩地) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The small town is located in a_area,far from any big cities. A)distant B)far C)remote D)faraway 2.Many scientists believe that birds from dinosaurs millions of years ago. A)developed B)evolved C)grew D)changed 3.The police have arrested a_in connection with the robbery last night A)suspect B)doubt C)criminal D)prisoner 4.Wind turbines are used to_electricity from wind energy. A)produce B)create C)generate D)make 5.One of theof this species is its ability to survive in extreme temperatures. A)features B)characteristics C)qualities D)traits 6.The company's profits havesignificantly over the past year due to poor management. A)declined B)refused C)rejected D)decreased 7.Don't me for the delay-I told you we might be late. A)accuse B)blame C)charge D)scold 8.His dishonest behavior brought on his entire family A)shame B)disgrace C)embarrassment D)humiliation 9.She was suspectedstealing the confidential documents from the office A)of B)with C)for D)in 10.It is_of him to always arrive late for meetings-no one is surprised anymore. A)typical B)characteristic C)usual D)common (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The(distant)between the two cities is about 500 kilometers. 2.The theory of_(evolve)was proposed by Charles Darwin. 3.The police have found new evidence against the main_(suspect). 4.This new technology can(generate)more power with less fuel. 5.The_(character)smell of the flower attracts many insects. 6.There has been a sharp_(decline)in the number of students choosing this major. 7.He is completely(blame)for the accidenthe ran a red light. 8.Her_(disgrace)actions were reported in all the local newspapers. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The mountain village is located in a darea,accessible only by foot. 2.Over time,simple organisms e into more complex life forms 3.The police are questioning a swho was seen near the crime scene. 4.Solar panels can genough electricity to power a small house 5.Patience and kindness are c_of a good teacher. 6.Sales have been on the d since the new competitor entered the market. 7.Who is to bfor the failure of the project? 8.Cheating in exams is a d act that will be severely punished. 9.The company is trying to reduce its bon imported raw materials. 10.The distant sound of thunder was d heard in the quiet night. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A B A C B AB B AB 2.补全句子答案： 1.distance 2.evolution 3.suspect 4.generate 5.characteristic 6.decline 7.to blame 8.dis- graceful 3.首字母填空答案： 1.distant 2.evolved 3.suspect 4.generate 5.characteristics 6.decline 7.blame 8.disgrace- ful 9.dependence 10.distantly 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit5 Revealing nature一