Unit 5 Geography 一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册期末词汇复习（冀教版）

期末词汇复习 选修2·冀教版·Unit5 Geography一 一、】 重点单词详解 1:contest 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词（v) 核心义：n.比赛；竞赛v.争夺；对…提出质疑 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：test(v.测试；验证) 派生词：contestation/,kontes''te/(n.争论；质疑)；contestant/kan'testont/(n.参赛者) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词（比赛）：enter a contest(参加比赛)；hold a contest(举办比赛) 动词（质疑）：contest a decision(对决定提出质疑)；contest for sth.(争夺某物) 四、重点辨析 contest vs.competition:contest侧重技能、才艺比拼（如演讲比赛）；competition泛指各 类竞争（如商业竞争）。 2:diverse 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.多种多样的；不同的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：vers(tm,转向) 名词：diversity/dar'v3:sati/(多样性)；diversion/dar'v3(转向；娱乐) 动词：diversify/dar'v3:sIfar/(使多样化) 副词：diversely/dar'v3:sli/(多样化地) 三、用法与常见搭配 be diverse in..（在…方面多样化)：The team is diverse in age and background. a diverse range of(各种各样的)：diverse cultures(多元文化) 四、重点辨析 diverse vs.various:diverse强调本质差异（如diverse opinions);various侧重数量多且 不同(various colors)。 3:complex 一、核心考点 词性：形容词（adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.复杂的；难懂的n.综合体；情结 构词法（词性转换） 词根：plex(fold,折叠) 名词：complexity /kam'pleksati/(复杂性) 动词：complicate/komplikert/(使复杂化) 副词：complexly/kompleksli/(复杂地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 adj.复杂的：a complex problem/system（复杂问题/系统) n.综合体：a shopping complex(购物中心)：Oedipus complex(俄狄浦斯情结) 四、重点辨析 complex vs.complicated:complex侧重内在结构复杂(complex theory)；complicated强 调难以理解(complicated instructions)。 4:integrate 、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v,使融入；使合并 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：tegr(-touch,接触) 名词：integration/,Int'grerfn/（融合；一体化) 形容词：integrated/'mtrgrertrd/(综合的；融入的)；integral/ntrgrel/（必不可少的) 三、用法与常见搭配 integrate into/with（融入/与…合并)：integrate into society（融入社会) integrated with（与…结合)：an integrated system(集成系统) 四、拓展 反义词：segregate/'segrigert/.(隔离) 5:distribution 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.分布；分配 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：ibut(=give,给予) 动词：distribute/dr'strbju:t/(分配；分发) 形容词：distributed/d'strrbju:td/(分布的)；distributive/dr'strbjatrv/(（分配的) 三、用法与常见搭配 the distribution of.（…的分布/分配)：the distribution of resources（资源分配) be distributed across/.in(分布于)：The species is distributed in tropical regions. 四、重点辨析 distribution vs..allocation:distribution侧重广泛分发(distribution of pamphlets):allocation 侧重按计划分配(allocation of funds)。 6:preserve 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.保护：保存n.保护区；果酱 三、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：sev(=keep,保持) 名词：preservation/,prez3'ven/(保护；保存)：preservative/pr'z3:vatrv/(防腐剂) 形容词：preserved/prI'z3:vd/(防腐的：受保护的) 三、 用法与常见搭配 V.保护/保存：preserve sth.fiom.（保护某物免受…)：preserve forests from destruction n.保护区：a nature preserve（自然保护区) 、四、重点辨析 preserve vs.conserve:preserve侧重保持原样(preserve traditions):conserve侧重合理利 用(conserve ene1gy)。 7:nutrition 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.营养；滋养 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：nuti（ourish,滋养) 形容词：nutritious/nju'tas/（有营养的)；nutritional/nju'trnl/(营养的) 动词：nourish/'w(滋养；养育) 副词：nutritionally/ju't虹ni/(在营养方面) 三、 用法与常见搭配 adequate nutrition(充足的营养)；nutrition label(营养标签) improve/receive nutrition（改善/获取营养) 四、拓展 近义词：nourishment/nmnt/(滋养品；营养) 8:shortage 、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.短缺；不足 构词法（词性转换） 词根：shot(adj.短的；不足的) 形容词：shot/t(短的；短缺的) 动词短语：m short of(短缺) 反义词：surplus/'s3pls/(过剩；盈余) 三、 用法与常见搭配 a shortage of..(…的短缺)：a shortage of water/food(水/食物短缺) face/experience a shortage(面临/经历短缺) 四、重点辨析 shortage vs.lack:shortage侧重数量不足(energy shortage);lack可指抽象概念(lack of confidence). 9:forecast 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.预报；预测n.预报：预测 二、 构词法（词性转换） 合成词：fore(预先)+cast(投掷)→”预先投掷（信息）”→预测 过去式/过去分词：forecast/forecasted 名词复数： forecasts 三、用法与常见搭配 weather forecast(天气预报)；economic forecast（经济预测) forecast sth.for.（预测…的某事)：forecast1 ain for tomorrow 四、拓展 近义词：predict/pr'drkt/（预测)：foresee/f:'si:/(预见) 10:conclusion “、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.结论；推论 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：clud(-close,关闭) 动词：conclude /ken'klu:d/(推断；结束) 形容词：conclusive /ken'klu:srv/(决定性的；结论性的) 副词：conclusively /kan'ku:sIvi/（决定性地) 三、用法与常见搭配 draw/reach a conclusion(得出结论)；in conclusion(最后；总之) come to the conclusion that..（得出…结论) 四、重点辨析 conclusion vs..inference:conclusion指最终结论(final conclusion):inference指根据证 据推断(logical inference)。 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The school will hold a speechnext month to improve students'public speaking skills A)contest B)competition C)match D)game 2.The team is in age,with members ranging from 20 to 50 years old A)various B)diverse C)different D)varied 3.Solving this environmental problem requires understanding its-causes and effects A)complex B)complicated C)difficult D)hard 4.Immigrants often face challenges to into the local community. A)integrate B)segregate C)separate D)divide 5.The uneven_of medical resources has led to health disparities in rural areas. A)allocation B)distribution C)contribution D)donation 6.It is our duty to historical buildings for future generations A)conserve B)preserve C)reserve D)serve 7.A balanced diet provides the necessary for children's growth A)nutrition B)nourishment C)nutrient D)vitamin 8.The city is facing a severe_of clean water due to the prolonged drought. A)lack B)shortage C)absence D)scarcity 9.According to the weather there will be heavy rain in the coastal areas tomorrow. A)prediction B)foresee C)forecast D)expectation 10.After analyzing the data,the researchers drew a_that climate change affects crop yields directly. A)conclusion B)inference C)summary D)result (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The(diverse)of cultures in this city makes it a fascinating place to live. 2.The(complex)of the new software requires special training to operate. 3.The government is promoting the(integrate)of technology into traditional education. 4.The _(distribute)of textbooks to remote schools will be completed next week 5.The(preserve)of ancient artifacts is crucial for studying human history. 6.Poor(nutritional)intake can lead to various health problems. 7.The economic(forecast)for next year remains uncertain due to global events. 8.After hours of discussion,the committee finally reached a(conclude). (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Participants must register before entering the writing c 2.The university attracts students from d backgrounds,including different countries and ethnic groups. 3.Understanding quantum physics requires dealing with many cconcepts and equations. 4.The new policy aims to help minority groups i into mainstream society 5.The dof electricity in mountainous regions is still a major challenge 6.Local farmers use traditional methods to ptheir harvests during winter. 7.This food is rich in vitamins and provides balanced n for daily needs. 8.The country is experiencing a s_of skilled workers in the tech industry. 9.The weather f warns of strong winds and possible thunderstorms tonight. 10.In c,we need to take immediate action to reduce plastic pollution. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A B AA B BA BCA 解析1（第1题)： 考查contest的固定用法。speech contest表示”演讲比赛'，符合句意”学校将在下个月 举办演讲比赛来提高学生的公开演讲技能'；competition泛指各类竞争，match和game 多用于体育比赛，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查diverse的固定用法。be diverse in表示”在…方面多样化”，符合句意”这个团队 在年龄上多样化，成员年龄从20岁到50岁不等”；various侧重数量多且不同，different 和varied强调差异，均不符合语境，故选B。 解析3（第4题）： 考查integrate的固定用法。integrate into表示”融入”，符合句意”移民常常面临融入当 地社区的挑战；segregate表示”隔离”，separate和divide表示”分开”，均不符合语境， 故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.diversity 2.complexity 3.integration 4.distribution 5.preservation 6.nutritional 7.fore- cast 8.conclusion 3.首字母填空答案： 1.contest 2.diverse 3.complex 4.integrate 5.distribution 6.preserve 7.nutrition 8.short- age 9.forecast 10.conclusion 英语词汇复习手册·选修2·冀教版·Unit5 Geography一