Unit 4 Rules Are Rules 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（冀教版）

期末词汇复习 选修4·冀教版·Unit4 RulesAreRules！二 一、 重点单词详解 1:proceed 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.(使)进行；前往；继续做（或从事、进行） 二、 必记搭配与例句 proceed to do sth.(继续做某事)：After solving the technical problem,the team proceeded to test the new system. proceed with sth.（继续进行某事) proceed to sp.(前往某地) 三、重点辨析 proceed vs..continue:proceed强调”按程序或顺序继续，后接不定式或with sth.;continue 侧重”不间断地继续”，可接doing/to do sth 2:permanent 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.永久的；永恒的 二、必记搭配与例句 permanent address（永久地址) permanent damage(永久性损伤) permanent solution(彻底解决方案)：The company offers permanent contracts to outstanding employees 三、重点辨析 permanent vs.eternal:permanent指”长时间不变的”，如permanent job(固定工作)； eternal强调”无时间限制的永恒，如eternal love(永恒的爱) 3:prohibit 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.禁止；阻止 二、 必记搭配与例句 prohibit sb.from doing sth.(禁止某人做某事) strictly prohibit（严格禁止) prohibit by law(法律禁止)：Smoking is prohibited in public transport in many countries. 三、重点辨析 prohibit vs.forbid:prohibit语气更强，多用于正式场合（如法律、规定)，结构为prohibit b.from doing;forbid较口语化，结构为forbid sb.to do sth. 4:withdraw 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.(使)辙回；收回；撤退 二、必记搭配与例句 withdraw money from the bank(从银行取款) withdraw a statement(撤▣声明) withdraw from a competition(退出比赛)：The candidate was forced to withdraw from the election due to health issues. 三、重点用法 过去式/过去分词：withdrew/wI'du:/,withdrawn/w'dro:n/ 5:severity 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：.严重性；严厉 必记搭配与例句 the severity of the problem（问题的严重性) treat with severity(严厉对待) vary in severity(严重程度不同)：The doctor explained the severity of the patient's condition to the family 三、 重点辨析 severity vs..strictness::severity指”情况的严重或处理的严厉”，如severity ofillness(病 情严重)；strictness侧重”规则的严格执行”，如strictness of discipline(纪律严明) 6:illegal 核心考点 词性：形容词（ad.) 核心义：adj.非法的；不合法的 二、必记搭配与例句 illegal activities(非法活动) illegal immigration（非法移民) illegal download(非法下载)：It is illegal to drive without a valid license in most countries. 三、重点用法 常见派生词：llegible /I'led3ab/(难以辨认的)、illogical /I'lpdsrk/(不合逻辑的)（均含 否定前缀1-) 7:breathalyzer 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.呼吸测醉器 二、必记搭配与例句 use a breathalyzer（使用呼吸测醉器) breathalyzer results(呼吸测醉结果) take a breathalyzer test(接受呼吸测醉测试)：Police officers often use breathalyzers to check drivers for drunk driving 、 重点用法 复合词：breath(呼吸)+analyzer（分析器) 8:offense 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.犯法行为；过错 二、必记搭配与例句 criminal offense(刑事犯罪) take offense（生气；动怒) minor offense(轻微过失)：Speeding is considered a serious traffic offense in urban areas. 三、重点辨析 offense vs..cime:offense可指”轻微违法或冒犯行为”，如traffic offense(交通违规)； crime指”严重犯罪”，如violent crime(暴力犯罪) 9:applicant 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.申请人 二、必记搭配与例句 job applicant(求职者) visa applicant（签证申请人) applicant for admission(入学申请人) 三、重点用法 动词：apply /a'plar/(申请；应用) 名词：application/,eplr'ker/（申请：应用) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.After finishing the meeting,the committee decided towith the plan immediately. A)proceed B)continue C)advance D)progress 2.The company providestraining for new employees to help them adapt quickly A)permanent B)eternal C)temporary D)lasting 3.Local regulationssmoking in all public indoor areas. A)forbid B)prohibit C)ban D)prevent 4.The athlete had to from the competition due to a sudden injury. A)retreat B)withdraw C)retire D)quit 5.The doctor warned that the delay in treatment could lead to_damage to the patient's eye- sight. A)severe B)strict C)permanent D)serious 6.It is to park your car in front of the emergency exit A)illegal B)unlawful C)criminal D)illegible 7.Police officers use a_to check if drivers have consumed alcohol. A)analyzer B)breathalyzer C)detector D)tester 8.The_of the storm surprised everyone,causing widespread power outages. A)severity B)strictness C)intensity D)harshness 9.Speeding in residential areas is considered a serious traffic_ A)crime B)offense C)mistake D)misconduct 10.All must submit their resumes and recommendation letters by Friday. A)appliers B)applicants C)candidates D)participants (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The new policy will have a(permanence)impact on the company's structure. 2.Drivers who are caught drunk driving will be(legal)punished. 3.The(withdraw)of troops from the region was completed last month. 4.The teacher treated the students with(severe),which made them feel stressed 5.The(prohibit)of single-use plastics will take effect next year 6.The-(apply)process for the scholarship requires three reference letters. 7.The(offend)was so serious that he was sentenced to five years in prison. 8.The_(analyze)of the data showed a significant correlation between the two variables. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.After the fire,the government decided to pwith the reconstruction of the affected area. 2.She has lived in this city for 20 years and considers it her p home. 3.The sign clearly states that it is pto take photos inside the museum. 4.The company announced its w from the project due to financial difficulties. 5.The s_of the accident was underestimated at first,leading to delayed rescue efforts. 6.Trading endangered species is i in most countries around the world 7.The police officer asked the driver to take a btest to check for alcohol. 8.The new law aims to reduce the number of traffic oby increasing fines. 9.All a must attend an interview before being offered the job. 10.The doctor explained that the disease could cause pdamage to the nervous system. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AC BB CA B A BB 解析1（第1题）： 考查proceed的固定用法。proceed with sth.表示”继续进行某事”，符合句意”会议结束 后，委员会决定立即执行计划”；continue侧重”不间断地继续”，advance强调”前进”， progress强调”进展”，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第3题）： 考查prohibit的用法。prohibit语气更强，多用于正式场合（如法律、规定)，符合句意， 当地法规禁止在所有公共室内区域吸烟'：forbid较口语化，ban语气最强，prevent强 调”阻止”，均不符合语境，故选B。 解析3（第6题）： 考查legal的用法。illegal表示’非法的；不合法的”，符合句意”在紧急出口前停车是 违法的”；lawful较正式，criminal指”刑事犯罪的”，llegible指”难以辨认的，均不 符合语境，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.permanent 2.illegally 3.withdrawal 4.severity 5.prohibition 6.application 7.offense 8. analysis 3.首字母填空答案： 1.proceed 2.permanent 3.prohibited 4.withdrawal 5.severity 6.illegal 7.breathalyzer 8. offenses 9.applicants 10.permanent 英语词汇复习手册·选修4·Unit4 Rules Are Rules!二