内容正文:
期末词汇复习
选修4·冀教版·Unit3 ChinesePaintingandArtists一
一、】
重点单词详解
1:comprehensive
一、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.综合性的;全部的;全面的
二、
构词法(词性转换)
词根:comprehend(v.理解;包含)
副词:comprehensively/,komprI'hensrvli/(全面地;综合地)
名词:
comprehension/,kpmprI'henn/(n.理解;理解力;领悟)
三、用法与常见搭配
常见搭配:
comprehensive education综合教育
comprehensive analysis全面分析
comprehensive exam综合考试
comprehensive report详细报告
固定短语:be comprehensive of.(包含…)
四、重点辨析
comprehensive vs.complete:
comprehensive强调内容”全面、详尽”,侧重覆盖所有相关方面,如comprehensive
knowledge(全面的知识);complete强调'完整无缺”,侧重事物本身的完整性,如
complete work(完整的作品)。
五、词汇变形
派生词:comprehensibility n.可理解性;comprehensible adj.可理解的(反义:incompre-
hensible adj.难以理解的)
2:secular
核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.世俗的;非宗教的;现世的
二、构词法
词根:sec(=second,引申为”跟随、顺序)+-lar(形容词后缀,表示”具有…性
质的)→原指”按时间顺序的,后演化出世俗的?含义
三、
词性转换与搭配
名词:secularity n.世俗主义;世俗性
常见搭配:
secular society世俗社会
secular education世俗教育
secular music非宗教音乐
secular trends长期趋势
四、重点辨析
secular vs.worldly:
secular强调”与宗教无关的”,如secular power(世俗权力);worldly侧重”追求物质利
益、世俗享乐的”,如worldly desires(世俗欲望)。
五、拓展用法
反义词:religious adj..宗教的;spiritual adj.精神的
3:chronological
、
核心考点
词性:形容词(ad.)
核心义:adj.按发生时间顺序排列的;年代学的
构词法(词性转换)
词根:chron-(时间,如chronology n.年代学)+-o-(连接字母)+-logical(形容词后
缀,表示”.…学的”)
名词:chronology n.年代学;年表
副词:chronologically adv..按时间顺序地
三、用法与常见搭配
常见搭配:
chronological order时间顺序
chronological list按年代排列的清单
chronological age实足年龄(生理年龄)
固定短语:in chronological order(按时间顺序)
四、词汇变形
派生词:prechronological adj..年代前的;postchronological adj..年代后的
五、重点辨析
chronological vs.sequential:
chronological强调”以时间为轴的顺序,如a chronological account(按时间顺序的叙
述):sequential强调”逻辑上的先后顺序,如sequential steps(连续的步骤)。
4:thematic
一、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.主题的;专题的;题目的
二、
构词法(词性转换)
词根:theme n.主题(hema)+-tic(形容词后缀,表示”与…相关的”)
名词:themen.主题;题目
副词:thematically adv.主题上地;围绕主题地
三、用法与常见搭配
常见搭配:
thematic analysis主题分析
thematic approach主题式教学法
thematic exhibition主题展览
thematic connectiontheme关联
固定短语:thematic statement主题句
四、词汇变形
派生词:thematize v.使主题化;提出…作为主题
五、重点辨析
thematic vs.topical:
thematic强调”围绕核心主题展开的”,如thematic unity(主题统一性);topical侧重'针
对当前热点话题的”,如topical issues(时事问题)。
5:stroke
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(v)
核心义:n.笔画;中风;击打:(游泳或划船的)划;v.轻抚;轻击
二、构词法
词源:来自古英语stac,意为”线条、笔画”,多词性多义单词
三、词性转换与搭配
词性转换:
动词过去式/过去分词:stroked;现在分词:stroking
名词复数:strokes
常见搭配(n.):
brush stroke画笔的一笔
stroke of luck运气;侥幸
heat stroke中暑
stroke volume心搏量(医学术语)
常见搭配(v.):
stroke sb.'s hair轻抚某人的头发
stroke the dog抚摸狗
四、重点辨析
stroke vs.hit:
stroke作”击打”时,侧重”轻柔的触碰”或”有技巧的一击”,如stroke the ball(轻击球):
hit强调”用力撞击”,如hit the wall(撞墙)。
五、拓展用法
习语:at a stroke(一下子;立刻);on the stroke(准时)
6:fiber
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.纤维;光纤;质地;性格
二、
构词法
变体拼写:ibre(英式)/fber(美式)
词根:fb-(纤维)+-er(名词后缀,表示”物)
三、词性转换与搭配
形容词:fibrous adj.纤维的;纤维状的
常见搭配:
natural fiber天然纤维(如cotton fiber棉纤维)
glass fiber玻璃纤维
dietary fiber膳食纤维
fiber optic光纤的(如fiber optic cable光缆)
固定短语:fiber content纤维含量
四、重点辨析
fiber vs.texture:
fiber指构成物质的”纤维,如wool fiber(羊毛纤维);texture侧重物体表面的”质地、
手感,如soft texture(柔软的质地)。
五、词汇变形
派生词:fibrosis n.纤维化(医学术语)
7:harvest
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)、名词(n.)
核心义:v.收割(庄稼):获得:n.收获;成果;收割
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词/名词同形,派生词:harvester n.收割机;收割者
形容词:harvestable adj.可收割的
三、用法与搭配(多词性)
动词搭配:
harvest crops收割庄稼
harvest rainwater收集雨水
harvest data收集数据(喻义)
名词搭配:
good harvest丰收
autumn harvest秋收
harvest time收割季节
固定短语:reap the harvest(获得成果;自食其果)
四、重点辨析
harvest vs.gather:
harvest特指”大规模收割庄稼,如harvest wheat(收割小麦):gather泛指向'收集、聚
集”,如gather flowers(采花)、gather information(收集信息)。
五、拓展用法
习语:harvest moon(秋分前后的满月,助秋收)
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.The government has released areport on environmental protection,covering air,water,
and soil pollution.
A)comprehensive
B)complete
C)secular
D)thematic
2.In manycountries,education is separated from religious teachings.
A)worldly
B)secular
C)spiritual
D)religious
3.The events in the history book are arranged in_order,from ancient times to modern
days.
A)sequential
B)topical
C)chronological
D)thematic
4.The museum's new exhibition takes a approach,focusing on the theme of'human and
nature”.
A)topical
B)thematic
C)chronological
D)comprehensive
5.A sudden left him unable to move the right side of his body.
A)stroke
B)hit
C)harvest
D)fiber
6.Dietary is important for maintaining a healthy digestive system.
A)fiber
B)texture
C)fibrosis
D)fbre(英式拼写)
7.Farmers are busy with the autumn_as the crops are ripe.
A)gather
B)harvest
C)stroke
D)reap
8.The research team needs to_data from multiple sources to support their conclusion.
A)harvest
B)gather
C)stroke
D)comprehend
9.The course provides a_overview of world literature,including works from different peri-
ods and regions.
A)complete
B)comprehensive
C)secular
D)sequential
10.The biography describes the writer's life,starting from her childhood to her later
years.
A)thematically
B)chronologically
C)secularly
D)comprehensively
(二)根据提示补全句子(10题)
1.The team conducted a(comprehend)study on climate change,analyzing data from 50
countries.
2.(religious)education focuses on moral values rather than religious beliefs.
3.Please arrange these documents in_(chronology)order before the meeting.
4.The novel's_(theme)unity is reflected in its recurring symbols of light and darkness.
5.She(stroke)the cat gently as it purred on her lap.
6.This fabric is made of natural(fiber),making it soft and breathable
7.The villagers celebrated the good(harvest)with a feast.
8.The report was praised for its_(comprehensive)coverage of social issues.
9.The professor explained the concept(comprehensible),so all students understood it.
10.The(secular)of modern society has led to diverse cultural expressions.
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.The new policy aims to provide c healthcare services for all citizens.
2.In ssocieties,laws are not based on religious texts.
3.The timeline shows the development of the city in c_order.
4.The art exhibition has a t focus on environmental protection.
5.A s of lightning lit up the dark sky during the storm
6.Oats are a good source of dietary f,which aids digestion.
7.After months of hard work,the team finally reaped the h of their research.
8.The teacher asked students to write a csummary of the novel,including all key plot
points.
9.The history museum displays artifacts in corder,from the Stone Age to the present.
10.The CEO's speech was praised for its canalysis of market trends
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:A B C B A AB A BB
解析1(第1题):
考查comprehensive的用法。comprehensive表示”全面的、综合的',符合句意”攻府发
布了一份关于环境保护的综合报告”;complete强调”完整的”,secular表示世俗的,
thematic表示”主题的,均不符合语境,故选A。
解析2(第2题):
考查secular的用法。secular表示”世俗的、非宗教的”,符合句意”在许多世俗国家,教
育与宗教教义是分开的”;worldly强调”物质的”,spiritual表示”精神的”,1 eligious表
示”宗教的”,均不符合语境,故选B。
解析3(第4题):
考查thematic的用法。thematic表示”主题的”,符合句意”博物馆的新展览采用了主题
式方法,聚焦于’人与自然'的主题”;topical强调”时事性的”,chronological表示”按时
间顺序的”,comprehensive表示”综合的”,均不符合语境,故选B。
2.补全句子答案:
1.comprehensive 2.Secular 3.chronological 4.thematic 5.stroked 6.fiber 7.harvest 8.
comprehensive 9.comprehensibly 10.secularity
3.首字母填空答案:
1.comprehensive 2.secular 3.chronological 4.thematic 5.stroke 6.fiber 7.harvest 8.com-
prehensive 9.chronological 10.comprehensive
英语词汇复习手册·选修4·Unit3 Chinese Painting and Artists一