Unit 1 Learning for Life A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪外版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·沪外版·Unit1 Learningfor LifeA部分 一、 重点单词详解 1:frequently 一、核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.频繁地；经常 二、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：frequent/fi:kwant/(adj.频繁的；常发生的) 副词：frequently(由frequent+-ly构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 修饰动词：visit frequently(频繁访问)：occur frequently(经常发生) 修饰形容词：frequently late(经常迟到) 修饰整个句子：Frequently,students struggle with this concept.(学生们经常在这个概念上 遇到困难。) 四、拓展用法 同义替换：often(常用于口语)：regularly(强调规律性)；constantly(含”持续不断”意 味)》 反义表达：infrequently(不常)：rarely(很少) 2:acquire 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：.（通过努力、能力、行为表现）获得、得到 pat 构词法（词性转换） 名词：acquisition/,ekw'zn/(n.获得；习得；收购) 形容词：acquired/'kwarad/(adj.后天习得的；已获得的) 三、用法与常见搭配 acquire knowledge/skills(获取知识/技能) acquire a habit(养成习惯) acquire a reputation(获得声誉) acquire sth.by/through(通过…获得某物) 四、拓展用法 辨析：acquire(强调通过努力、过程获得)；get(口语化，泛指得到)；gain(侧重获得 利益、优势) 固定搭配：acquired taste（后天养成的爱好) 3:compose 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.撰写（信函、讲稿、诗等，常含构思）：（正式）组成、构成（一个整体） 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：composition/kompa'zn/（n.作文；作曲；成分；构成) 形容词：composed /kam'pazd/(adj.镇静的；沉着的) 三、用法与常见搭配 表”撰写”：compose a poem/letter/speech(写诗/信/演讲稿) 表”构成”：be composed of(由…组成，=consist of) 其他：compose oneself(使自己镇静下来) 四、拓展用法 辨析：compose(主动语态时主语多为创作者；被动语态表”构成”)；consist of(无被动 语态，主语为整体) 派生词：composer/km'pa5za()/(n.作曲家) 4:experiment 核心考点】 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v,) 核心义：n.实验；试验（为探索未知、获取新知识的尝试）；v.做实验；进行试验 二、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：experimental/ik,sper'mentl/(adj.科学实验的；实验性的) 名词：experimentation /ik,sperimen'tern/(n.实验工作；尝试) 三、用法与常见搭配 作名词：conduct/carry out an experiment(进行实验)：a scientific experiment(科学实验) 作动词：experiment with sth.（用某物做实验)：experiment on animals（用动物做实验) 四、拓展用法 個定句型：do an experiment in/on(在…方面做实验) 辨析：experiment(侧重具体的实验行为或过程)；test(侧重检验某物的性能或效果) 5:defeat 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.击败、战胜（比赛、战争中的对手）：n.失败、战败 二、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：defeated/dr'f:td/(adj.被击败的；感到挫败的) 三、用法与常见搭配 作动词：defeat the opponent(击败对手)：defeat the enemy(战胜敌人) 作名词：suffer a defeat(遭受失败)；a narrow defeat(惜败)；the defeat of..(…的失 败) 四、拓展用法 辨析：defeat(强调在竞争或斗争中战胜对手)；beat(口语化，可用于人或物，如beat the record);win(后接比赛、奖项等，如win the game) 固定搭配：admit defeat(承认失败) 6:somehow 、核心考点 词性：副词（adv.) 核心义：adv.由于某种未知原因：不知为什么；不知怎么地 二、用法与常见搭配 修饰整个句子：Somehow,I managed to finish the task on time..(不知怎么地，我设法按时 完成了任务。) 修饰动词：He somehow forgot to bring his keys.(他不知为什么忘了带钥匙。) 三、拓展用法 同义替换：for some reason(由于某种原因)：in some way(以某种方式)》 语境提示：用于表达结果与预期不符或原因不明的情况 7:gather 核心考点 词性：动词(v,) 核心义：V.采集（植物、水果等）：聚集；收集；理解 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：gathering/'gar/(n.聚集；集会；采集) 三、用法与常见搭配 采集：gather flowers/fruits(采花/水果)：gather honey(采蜜) 聚集：gather people(聚集人群)：gather in the square(聚集在广场) 收集：gather information/data(收集信息/数据) 理解：gather the meaning(理解意思)；I gather(hat)..(我推断…) 四、拓展用法 辨析：gather(强调有目的或自发地聚集，可用于具体或抽象事物)；collect(侧重有计 划、系统性地收集，如collect stamps) 固定搭配：gather momentum(发展加快；势头增大)；gather one's thoughts（整理思绪) 8:willingness 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.乐意；自愿 二、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：willing/'wIl/（adj.乐意的；愿意的) 副词：willingly(由willing+-ly构成) 名词：willingness（由willing+-ness构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(willing):be willing to do sth.(愿意做某事)：a willing helper（乐于助人的人) 副词(willingly):help willingly(乐意帮忙)；accept willingly（自愿接受) 名词(willingness):show willingness to do sth.（表现出做某事的意愿)；a willingness to leam(学习的意愿) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：with willingness(乐意地)；out of willingness(出于自愿) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Students who practice English regularly are more likely to_fluency in the language. A)acquire B)get C)gain D)win 2.The research team plans to_a series of experiments to test their new hypothesis A)conduct B)make C)do D)perform 3.A healthy diet is_of various nutrients,including vitamins,proteins,and fiber A)composed B)made C)consisted D)formed 4.Despite facing many challenges,she showed great_to overcome them and succeed. A)willingness B)willing C)willingly D)will 5.The company suffered a narrow in the market competition last quarter. A)defeat B)failure C)beat D)loss 6.,the solution to the problem turned out to be simpler than we initially thought. A)Somehow B)Somewhat C)Somewhere D)Sometimes 7.In autumn,farmers_crops and prepare for the coming winter. A)gather B)collect C)pick D)harvest 8.The professor frequently the importance of critical thinking in academic writing A)emphasizes B)speaks C)tells D)talks 9.It takes time to develop an_taste for classical music,but once you do,you'll love it. A)acquired B)obtained C)gained D)got 10.The committee is_of five experts with different areas of specialization. A)composed B)made up C)consisted D)formed (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.The ability to learn new skills(acquire)through practice and patience 2.The_(compose)of the team includes members from three different countries. 3.She showed great(willing)to help others during the volunteer activity. 4.After the experiment,the scientists published their(find)in a top journal. 5.The(defeat)team refused to give up and prepared for the next match 6.The(gather)of data took six months due to the complexity of the project. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.F exercise is essential for maintaining physical and mental health 2.The company announced the aof a smaller tech firm to expand its business. 3.The poem was cby a famous writer during the Tang Dynasty. 4.The teacher asked the students to can experiment to test the law of gravity. 5.The team's d in the final match was a disappointment to all their fans 6.S_I couldn't remember where I had put my keys,even though I searched everywhere. 7.The villagers gat the square to celebrate the harvest festival. 8.A positive attitude and wto learn are key to academic success 9.The book's chapters are cof case studies and theoretical analyses. 10.The researcher spent months gdata for her PhD thesis. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AAAAAAAAAA 解析1（第1题）： 考查acquire的固定用法。acquire强调通过努力、过程获得，符合句意经常练习英语 的学生更有可能获得语言流利度；get为口语化表达，gain侧重获得利益，win侧重赢 得比赛，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第3题）： 考查compose的固定用法。be composed of表示？由…组成”，符合句意”健康的饮食 由各种营养素组成”；made需与up连用，consisted需与of连用且无被动语态，formed 强调形成过程，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第4题）： 考查willingness的用法。willingness为名词，符合句意”尽管面临许多挑战，她表现出 极大的意愿去克服它们并取得成功？；willing为形容词，willingly为副词，wil为动词或 名词，均不符合语法要求，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.is acquired 2.composition 3.willingness 4.findings 5.defeated 6.gathering 3.首字母填空答案： 1.Frequently 2.acquisition 3.composed 4.conduct 5.defeat 6.Somehow 7.gathered 8. willingness 9.composed 10.gathering 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit1 Learning for Life A部分