Unit 4 Words A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（沪外版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第三册·沪外版·Unit4 WordsA部分 一、 重点单词详解 1:adversity 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.逆境：厄运：困境 二、 必记搭配与例句 overcome adversity(克服逆境)：He showed great courage in the face of adversity. face adversity(面对困境)：We must learn to face adversity bravely. suffer from adversity(遭受厄运)：Many people suffered from adversity during the war. 三、重点辨析 adversity vs.misfortune:adversity强调长期或严重的困难，常与”奋斗、克服”搭配； misfortune侧重意外的不幸事件，语气较adversity弱。 2:wage 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.开展；进行（运动、斗争等） 二、必记搭配与例句 wage a war/battle/campaign(发动战争/战役/运动)：The government decided to wage a campaign against environmental pollution wage a struggle against（与…作斗争)：The workers are waging a strike for higher wages.. 三、重点辨析 wage(工资，常指周薪)vs.salary(薪水，常指月薪，用于专业人员) 3:endurance “、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.忍耐力；耐久力 二、必记搭配与例句 build up endurance(增强耐力)：Regular exercise can help build up your physical endurance test one's endurance(考g验某人的忍耐力)：Long-distance running is a test of both physical and mental endurance beyond endurance(忍无可忍)：The pain was beyond endurance. 三、重点用法 词根：endure(v.忍耐；持久) 形容词：enduring(持久的；不朽的)；endurable(可忍受的) 4:qualified 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.合格的；有资格的 二、必记搭配与例句 be qualified for sth.（有资格做某事)：She is qualified for the job with her rich experience. be qualified to do sth.(有能力做某事)：Only qualified teachers are allowed to teach advanced courses a qualified teacher(合格的教师)：We need qualified teachers for this position. 三、重点用法 反义词：nqualified(不合格的；完全的) 名词：qualification(资格；学历；限定条件) 5:enthusiastic 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.热情的；热心的；满腔热忱的 必记搭配与例句 be enthusiastic about sth.（对某事热情)：The students are enthusiastic about the new project. an enthusiastic supporter（热情的支持者)：She is an enthusiastic supporter of animal rights. speak enthusiastically(热情地讲话)：He spoke enthusiastically about his new book. 三、重点辨析 enthusiastic(强调内在的热烈情感)vs.passionate(语气更强，指强烈的激情) 6:assign 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.分配；分派；指派 二、必记搭配与例句 assign sth.tosb.(把某物分配给某人)：The teacher assigned us a lot of homework assign sb.to do sth.（指派某人做某事)：He was assigned to work in the sales department. assign a time/place for sth.(为某事指定时间/地点)：We need to assign a time for the meeting. 三、重点辨析 assign(分配，侧重具体任务)vs.allocate(分配，侧重资源、资金等) 7:abandon 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v,抛弃；遗弃；放弃 二、 必记搭配与例句 abandon sb./sth.(抛弃某人/某物)：Many people had to abandon their homes during the war. abandon doing sth.(放弃做某事)：Never abandon hope even in difficult times. abandon oneself to(沉溺于…)：He abandoned himself to despair. 三、重点辨析 abandon(彻底放弃，含”不再关心”意)vs.desert(遗弃，强调违背责任或义务) 8:crush 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v,压碎；压坏；使变形 二、必记搭配与例句 crush sth.into pieces(把某物压成碎片)：The machine can crush stones into small pieces. crush sb.'s hopes（使某人的希望破灭)：The failure crushed his hopes. be crushed by(被…压垮)：He was crushed by the heavy workload, 三、拓展用法 名词用法：a huge crush(人山人海)；have a crush on sb.(迷恋某人) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择（10题) 1.The team showed great_in overcoming all the challenges during the competition. A)adversity B)endurance C)enthusiasm D)assignment 2.The government decided toa campaign against environmental pollution. A)wage B)assign C)abandon D)qualify 3.Only_candidates with relevant experience will be considered for the position. A)abandoned B)enthusiastic C)qualified D)crushed 4.Marathon running requires not only physical strength but also mental_ A)endurance B)adversity C)wages D)abandonment 5.The teacher_each student a different topic for the research paper. A)assigned B)waged C)abandoned D)qualified 6.She is_about leaming Chinese traditional culture and spends hours practicing calligra- phy daily. A)enthusiastic B)qualified C)crushed D)assigned 7.Many people had totheir homes during the war and seek shelter elsewhere A)abandon B)wage C)endure D)assign 8.The minimum in this city has been increased by 10%to improve workers'living stan- dards. A)wage B)enthusiasm C)endurance D)adversity 9.The old man's for his late wife was evident in the way he kept her garden alive A)endurance B)enthusiasm C)crush D)adversity 10.After years of he finally succeeded in establishing his own business. A)adversity B)wage C)assignment D)abandonment (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.The ability to(endure)pain is essential for athletes in long-distance races. 2.She has a strong(enthusiastic)for music and plays the piano every day. 3.The company will_(assignment)a new manager to oversee the project next month. 4.(Abandon)by his family,he had to rely on himself to survive. 5.The_(qualify)for this job include a master's degree and three years of work experience 6.The team(wage)a fierce battle against their opponents to win the championship (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Despite facing great a,she never lost hope and kept working hard. 2.Regular exercise can help b_up your physical endurance. 3.The workers are demanding higher w_and better working conditions. 4.He was a to work in the sales department because of his excellent communication skills 5.The long hike tested our eto the limit,but we all reached the top 6.She is an esupporter of animal rights and volunteers at the shelter every weekend. 7.Don't ayour dreams easily,keep trying until you succeed 8.Only qteachers are allowed to teach advanced courses in this school. 9.The crowd at the concert was so large that there was a terrible cat the entrance. 10.The government has aa special fund to help victims of natural disasters. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BACAAAAA BA 解析1（第1题）： 考查endurance的用法。endurance表示”忍耐力：耐久力”，符合句意”团队在比赛 中克服所有挑战展现了巨大的耐力；adversity表示”逆境”，enthusiasm表示？热情”， assignment表示”任务”，均不符合语境，故选B。 解析2（第2题)： 考查wage的固定用法。wage a campaign表示”开展运动”，符合句意”政府决定开展反 对环境污染的运动”；assign表示”分配”，abandon表示”放弃”，qualify表示使合格”， 均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第3题）： 考查qualified的用法。qualified表示”合格的；有资格的”，符合句意”只有有相关经验 的合格候选人会被考虑这个职位；abandoned表示”被抛弃的”，enthusiastic表示”热情 的”，crushed表示”被压碎的，均不符合语境，故选C。 2.补全句子答案： 1.endure 2.enthusiasm 3.assign 4.Abandoned 5.qualifications 6.waged 3.首字母填空答案： 1.adversity 2.build 3.wages 4.assigned 5.endurance 6.enthusiastic 7.abandon 8.quali- fied 9.crush 10.assigned 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第三册·Unit4 Words A部分