Unit 2 Learning about Tradeand Economy A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（沪外版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·沪外版·Unit2 LearningaboutTradeandEco nomyA部分 一、重点单词详解 1:humour 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.幽默：诙谐 二、构词法（词性转换） 美式拼写：hmor(n.幽默) 形容词：humorous/'hju:mares//(adj.幽默的；诙谐的) 副词：humorously/hju:meresli/(adv.幽默地) 三、用法与常见搭配 不可数名词用法： a sense of humour(幽默感) black/gallows humour(黑色幽默) dry humour(冷幽默) 动词搭配： have a good sense of humour(很有幽默感) appreciate sb.'s humour(欣赏某人的幽默) lack humour(缺乏幽默感) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：It's a humour of..（一种…的幽默风格) 例：It's a humour of exaggeration.(这是一种夸张的幽默。) 辨析：humour vs wit humour:侧重令人愉悦的轻松搞笑；wit:侧重机智巧妙的语言智慧 五、作文高级句型 A speaker with a good sense of humour can always lighten up the atmosphere and make the audience more engaged. 一个有幽默感的演讲者总能活跃气氛，让听众更投入。 2:witty 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.机智的；诙谐的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：wit/wt(n.机智；风趣) 副词：wittily/wtli/(adv.机智地；诙谐地) 名词复数：wits(头脑：智力) 三、用法与常见搭配 描述人/语言： a witty remark（机智的评论) a witty speaker(诙谐的演讲者) 介词搭配： be witty at sb.'s expense(拿某人开玩笑) witty about sth.(对某事风趣点评) 四、拓展用法 固定短语：at one's wits'end（智穷计尽；不知所措) 例：I'm at my wits'end with this problem.(这个问题让我束手无策。) 辨析：witty vs humorous wity强调”巧思，humorous强调”好笑 五、作文高级句型 Her witty response not only relieved the awkward silence but also showed her quick thinking. 她机智的回答不仅打破了尴尬的沉默，还展现了敏捷的思维。 3:sarcastic 、 核心考点 词性：形容词（ad山j.) 核心义：adj.讽刺的；挖苦的 、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：sarcasm/sa:kaezem/(n.讽刺；挖苦) 副词：sarcastically /sa:'kaestrkli/(adv.讽刺地) 三、用法与常见搭配 描述言语/表情： a sarcastic tone(讽刺的语气) a sarcastic smile（挖苦的微笑) 动词搭配： speak sarcastically(讽刺地说) reply in a sarcastic way(以讽刺的方式回应) 四、拓展用法 辨析：sarcastic vs ironic sarcastic:含直接贬低的攻击性；ironic:侧重情境/语言的反差感 例：His sarcastic comment hurt her feelings.（他的挖苦评论伤了她的心。) 五、作文高级句型 Using sarcastic language to criticize others often leads to misunderstanding rather than effec- tive communication. 用讽刺语言批评他人往往导致误解而非有效沟通。 4:irony 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.反语；讽刺 mg、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：ironic/ar'pnik（adj.讽刺的；反语的) 副词：ironically/ar'ronrkli/(adv.讽刺地；说反话地) 三、用法与常见搭配 表示修辞情境： verbal irony（言语反讽) situational irony(情境反讽) 动词搭配： use irony(使用反语) appreciate the irony（体会其中的讽刺意味) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：the irony of...(…的讽刺之处) 例：The irony of the situation is that he helped those who betrayed him.(情境的讽刺之处在 于他帮助了背叛他的人。) 辨析：irony vs sarcasm iroy可指非攻击性的情境反差；sarcasm一定含攻击性 五、作文高级句型 The irony of modern life is that we're more connected digitally but less connected emotion- ally. 现代生活的讽刺之处在于，我们数字上更互联，情感上却更疏离。 5:exaggeration 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.夸张；夸大 、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：exaggerate /Ig'zaed3aret/(v.夸张；夸大) 形容词：exaggerated/rg'zed3 erertd（adj.夸张的) 副词：exaggeratedly /Ig'zaed erertrdli/(adv.夸张地) 三、用法与常见搭配 程度描述： a slight/exaggeration（轻微/严重的夸张) without exaggeration（毫不夸张地) 动词搭配： make an exaggeration(进行夸张) avoid exaggeration(避免夸大) 介词搭配： by way of exaggeration(通过夸张手法) exaggeration of sth.(对某事的夸张) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：It's no exaggeration to say..（毫不夸张地说…) 例：It's no exaggeration to call him a genius.(称他为天才毫不夸张。) 写作技巧：exaggeration是hmor的常见手法之 五、作文高级句型 Exaggeration in advertising often misleads consumers into buying unnecessary products 广告中的夸张手法常误导消费者购买不必要的商品。 6:absurd 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.荒谬的；荒唐的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：absurdity /ab's3:dti/(n.荒谬；荒唐事) 副词：absurdly/ab's3:dli/(adv.荒谬地；荒唐地) 名词复数：absurdities(荒唐行为：谬论) 三、用法与常见搭配 描述观点行为： an absurd idea(荒谬的想法) absurd behaviour(荒唐行为) 程度副词： completely/utterly absurd（完全荒谬的) seemingly absurd(看似荒谬的) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：It's absurd that.(…是荒谬的) 例：It's absurd that we still lack basic medical supplies.(我们仍缺乏基本医疗物资，这很 荒谬。) 哲学概念：the absurd(荒诞主义；生命无意义感) 五、作文高级句型 It's absurd to judge a person's worth merely by their social status. 仅以社会地位评判一个人的价值是荒谬的。 7:profound 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.深远的；深刻的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：profundity /pra'fAandati/(n.深奥；深刻) 副词：profoundly/pre'faundli,/(adv.深刻地；极大地) 比较级/最高级：more profound/most profound 三、用法与常见搭配 描述影响/见解： profound influence(深远影响) profound insight(深刻见解) 抽象概念搭配： profound changes(深刻变革) profound silence（死寂) 四、拓展用法 辨析：profound vs deep profound侧重抽象意义的深度；deep侧重具体空间/程度 例：profound wisdom(深奧奥智慧)；deep water(深水) 固定搭配：profound respect(深深的敬意) 五、作文高级句型 Reading classic literature can give us profound insights into human nature and society. 阅读经典文学能让我们对人性和社会有深刻洞察。 8:perspective 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.看法；视角 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：perspective/pa'spektrv/(adj.透视的)[同形异义词] 动词：perspectivize/p'spektrvarz(v.透视画法；从多角度考虑) 三、用法与常见搭配 表示观点角度： from 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The speaker's_remarks kept the audience laughing throughout the speech. A)humour B)witty C)sarcastic D)ironic 2.It's_that she complains about being lonely while refusing all invitations. A)absurd B)profound C)exaggerated D)perspective 3.His_comment about her new haircut clearly hurt her feelings. A)humorous B)witty C)sarcastic D)ironic 4.The of the situation is that the thief ended up helping the police catch others. A)humour B)irony C)exaggeration D)absurdity 5.Reading history books can give us a broader_on current events A)perspective B)profound C)wit D)sarcasm 6.There's a slight in his story,but most of it is true A)humour B)irony C)exaggeration D)absurdity 7.She is known for her_responses that always surprise everyone with their cleverness. A)humorous B)witty C)sarcastic D)ironic 8.The novel explores the meaning of life through the protagonist's journey. A)absurd B)profound C)exaggerated D)perspective 9.He spokewhen he said,"Great job!"after she spilled coffee on his laptop. A)humorously B)wittily C)sarcastically D)ironically 10.Without,this is the best film I've seen all year. A)humour B)irony C)exaggeration D)absurdity (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.Her_(humour)story made everyone in the room laugh 2.The politician's speech was full of(exaggerate),making it hard to believe. 3.He replied(sarcastic)when asked if he enjoyed the boring lecture. 4.The_(profoundly)moving film left the audience in tears. 5.We need to consider this problem from a different_(perspective) 6.She showed great(wise)in her decision to postpone the project 7.The_(absurdity)of the rule became obvious when no one could follow it. 8.His_(wittily)remark化解了尴尬的沉默。 (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.A sense ofh is important for reducing stress in daily life 2.The i of the situation was that the firefighter's house bumed down 3.She is known for her w_comments that always make people think. 4.It's a to expect children to sit quietly for six hours straight. 5.The book offers p insights into the challenges of modern education. 6.He used e to describe the fish he caught,claiming it was"as big as a shark." 7.From my p,the new policy will do more harm than good. 8.Her stone made it clear she didn't believe his excuse. 9.The professor explained the concept with such p_that even beginners understood. 10.Without e_I can say this is the most difficult task I've ever had. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：B A C B A C BB CC 2.补全句子答案： 1.humorous 2.exaggeration 3.sarcastically 4.profound 5.perspective 6.wisdom 7.absurd 8.witty 3.首字母填空答案： 1.humour 2.irony 3.witty 4.absurd 5.profound 6.exaggeration 7.perspective 8.sarcastic 9.pro- fundity 10.exaggeration 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit2 Learning about Trade and Economy A部分