Unit 4 Future Living B部分-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪外版）

选择性 一、 重点单词 1:sustainable 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad 核心义：adj.可持 二、构词法（词性 词根：sustain(v. 形容词：sustainable 名词：sustainability 副词：sustainably ( 三、 用法与常见搭 常见搭配： sustainable developn sustainable energy ( sustainable agricultu sustainable lifestyle 、四、重点辨析 与renewable辨析： 长期可持续的”（不 例：Solar energy is 五、作文高级句型 To achieve a sustaina tion. 期末词汇复习 必修第一册·沪外版·Unit4 FutureLivingB部分 详解 卖的（不损害未来发展的：可长期维持的） 转换) 持；支撑) （由sustain+-able构成，表”可…的) (可持续性，由sustainable+-ity构成) 可持续地) 配 ent(可持续发展) 可持续能源) e(可持续农业) 可持续生活方式) renewable侧重”可再生的”（如能源可重复产生），sustainable侧重， 破坏未来资源)。 enewable and sustainable.(太阳能是可再生且可持续的。) ble future,we must balance economic growth with environmental protec- 为了实现可持续的未来，我们必须平衡经济增长与环境保护。 2:optimize 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：ⅴ.优化；使最有效（改进方法以达到最佳效果） 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：optimum（adj.最佳的；n.最佳状态) 动词：optimize（由optimum+-ize构成，表”使…化) 名词：optimization(优化，由optimize+-ation构成) 形容词：optimal（最佳的，optimum的变体) 三、用法与常见搭配 常见搭配： optimize efficiency(优化效率) optimize resources(优化资源) optimize performance(优化性能) optimize the process（优化流程) 四、拓展用法 被动语态：be optimized for..(为…而优化) 例：The software is optimized for mobile devices.(这款软件针对移动设备进行了优化。) 五、作文高级句型 By optimizing the use of public transport,we can reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. 通过优化公共交通的使用，我们可以减少交通拥堵和空气污染。 3:conservation 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：.保护：保存（对自然资源、环境的保护） 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：conserve(v.节约；保护) 名词：conservation(由conserve+-aton构成) 形容词：conservative(保守的；保存的) 副词：conservatively（保守地；谨慎地) 三、用法与常见搭配 常见搭配： energy conservation（能源保护) water conservation（水资源保护) wildlife conse1 vation(野生动物保护) conservation of natural resources（自然资源保护) 四、重点辨析 与preservation辨析：conservation侧重”合理利用式保护”，preservation侧重”完全保留 式保护。 例：Forest conservation allows sustainable logging,while preservation bans all cutting.（森 林保护允许可持续伐木，而保存则禁止一切砍伐。) 五、作文高级句型 Environmental conservation is not just a choice but a responsibility for every citizen. 环境保护不仅是一种选择，更是每个公民的责任。 4:initiative 、 核心考点 词性：名词(1n.) 核心义：n.倡议：行动方案（为解决问题提出的计划) 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：initiate(v.发起；开始) 名词：initiative（由initiate+-ive构成，表”行为；结果”) 形容词：initiative(主动的；自发的) 三、用法与常见搭配 常见搭配： launch an initiative(发起一项倡议) take the initiative(采取主动) environmental initiative(环保倡议) community initiative(社区行动方案) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：Itis one's initiative to do sth.(做某事是某人的倡议) 例：It was her initiative to start the recycling program.(发起回收项目是她的倡议。) 五、作文高级句型 Young people should take the initiative to promote environmental awareness in their commu- nities. 年轻人应主动在社区中宣传环保意识。 5:implement 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.实施：执行（将计划、方案付诸行动） 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：implementation(实施，由implement+-ation构成) 形容词：implementable（可实施的，由implement+-able构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 常见搭配： implement a plan/policy(实施计划/政策) implement measures(执行措施) implement changes(实施变革) successfully implement(成功实施) 四、重点辨析 与execute辨析：implement侧重”具体执行细节”，execute侧重”按计划精准完成”。 The team will implement the project step by step and execute the final phase next month. (团队将逐步实施项目，并于下月执行最后阶段。) 五、作文高级句型 To address climate change,governments must implement stricter regulations on carbon emis- s1ons. 为应对气候变化，政府必须实施更严格的碳排放法规。 6:assess 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.评估；评价（对事物的价值、效果进行判断） 、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：assessment(评估，由assess+-ment构成) 形容词：assessable（可评估的，由assess+-able构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 常见搭配： assess the impact(评估影响) assess the risk(评估风险) assess performance(评价表现) assess the situation(评估形势) 四、拓展用法 被动语态：be assessed as..…（被评估为…) 例：The project was assessed as highly effective.（该项目被评估为高效。) 五、作文高级句型 Before making decisions,we should assess both the benefits and risks of each option. 做决定前，我们应评估每个选项的利弊。 7:minimize 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：ⅴ.最小化；使减到最少（减少数量、规模或影响） 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：minimum(adj.最小的；n.最小值) 动词：ninimize（由ninimum+-ize构成，表”使…化”) 名词：minimization(最小化，由minimize+-ation构成) 形容词：ninimal（最小的；极少的) 三、用法与常见搭配 常见搭配： minimize costs(最小化成本) minimize waste(减少浪费) minimize the impact(减轻影响) minimize risks(降低风险) 四、拓展用法 反义词：maximize(最大化) 例：We need to minimize losses and maximize profits.(我们需 五、作文高级句型 By using energy-efficient appliances,we can minimize electricity 通过使用节能电器，我们可以减少日常生活中的电力消耗。 8:innovation 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：.创新；革新（引入新的理念、方法或产品） 构词法（词性转换） 词根：innovate(v.创新；革新) 名词：innovation（由innovate+-ion构成) 形容词：innovative(创新的；革新的) 副词：innovatively(创新地) 二、 用法与常见搭配 减少损失、最大化利润。) consumption in daily life 常见搭配： technological innovation(技术创新) promote innovation（促进创新) a key innovation(关键革新) innovations in science(科学创新) 四、重点辨析 与invention辨析：innovation侧重”对现有事物的改进”，invention侧重？创造新事物”。 例：The smartphone was an invention,but its regular updates are innovations.(智能手机是 项发明，但其定期更新是创新。) 五、作文高级句型 Innovation is the driving force behind social progress and economic development. 创新是社会进步和经济发展的驱动力。 9:collaborate 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.合作；协作（与他人共同完成任务） 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：collaboration(合作，由collaborate+-ation构成) 形容词：collaborative（合作的；协作的) 三、用法与常见搭配 常见搭配： collaborate with sb.(与某人合作) collaborate on a project（合作一个项目) collaborate to solve problems(合作解决问题) international collaboration(国际合作) 四、拓展用法 固定短语：in collaboration with(与…合作) 例：The research 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.To protect our planet,we should promotedevelopment that meets present needs without harming future generations A)renewable B)sustainable C)conservative D)innovative 2.The company is trying to its production process to reduce costs and improve efficiency. A)optimize B)assess C)minimize D)implement 3.Water is crucial in regions facing severe droughts,as it ensures limited resources are used wisely A)conservation B)initiative C)innovation D)assessment 4.The local government plans to_a new policy to encourage the use of electric vehicles A)collaborate B)assess C)implement D)optimize 5.Before starting the project,we need tothe potential risks and benefits carefully A)minimize B)assess C)conserve D)innovate 6.Using public transport instead of private cars helps to air pollution in urban areas. A)maximize B)optimize C)minimize D)collaborate 7.Technological has played a key role in developing more efficient solar panels. A)innovation B)conservation C)implementation D)initiative 8.The success of the environmental program depends on international-between different countries. A)assessment B)collaboration C)optimization D)preservation 9.It was her_to organize a community clean-up day,which inspired many neighbors to join. A)initiative B)conservation C)innovation D)implementation 10.The new software has beenfor use on both computers and mobile phones. A)assessed B)minimized C)optimized D)conserved (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The government's new policy aims to promote the_(sustain)use of natural resources. 2.We need to carry out a detailed(assess)of the project before making a final decision. 3.(innovate)in green technology will help us achieve carbon neutrality faster. 4.The team worked together to ensure the(implement)of the new recycling program. 5.To reduce waste,we should focus on the(conserve)of water and energy in daily life 6.The company is investing in research to find more(sustain)solutions for packaging 7.His(initiate)to start a tree-planting campaign was widely praised by the community. 8.The_(optimize)of public transport routes has made commuting easier for residents. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.To achieve a s_future,everyone must take responsibility for protecting the environment. 2.The factory has improved its production efficiency through the oof its workflow. 3.Wildlife c efforts have helped increase the number of endangered species in the area. 4.The school launched an environmental ito encourage students to reduce plastic use. 5.It is important to a the impact of climate change on agriculture in advance 6.Using energy-efficient appliances can m electricity bills significantly 7.The development of 5G technology is a major i in the field of telecommunications. 8.The two countries agreed to con renewable energy projects to fight global warming. 9.The local community successfully ia new waste-sorting system last year. 10.The company's goal is to achieve o_performance by improving teamwork and training. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BAACBCABAC 2.补全句子答案： 1.sustainable 2.assessment 3.Innovation 4.implementation 5.conservation 6.sustainable 7. initiative 8.optimization 3.首字母填空答案： 1.sustainable 2.optimization 3.conservation 4.initiative 5.assess 6.minimize 7.innovation 8.collaborate 9.implemented 10.optimal 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit4 Future Living B部分