内容正文:
第 02 讲 Unit 2 Go for it!
(寒假预习讲义)
内容导航——预习三步曲
第一步:学
析教材 学知识:教材精讲精析、全方位预习
练习题 讲典例:教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法
练考点 强知识:核心考点精准练
第二步:记
串知识 识框架:思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握
第三步:测
过关测 稳提升:小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升
1. Zhang Shun was the oldest and the slowest runner to finish the 2022 Beijing Marathon. 张顺是 2022 年北京马拉松中年龄最大、跑得最慢的完赛选手。
【解析】“finish” 为动词,核心含义为 “完成;结束;跑完(比赛)”,侧重达成目标或结束动作,此处特指完成马拉松赛事。
【常用搭配】
① finish + 名词 / 代词(完成某事 / 某物)
She finished her project ahead of time.(她提前完成了项目。)
② finish doing sth.(完成做某事,后接动名词作宾语)
He finished preparing for the race in three days.(他用三天时间完成了比赛准备。)
【注意】finish 后接动名词,不可接不定式,勿写作 “finish to run”(错误)。
【派生词】finish(可数名词,“结局;终点”),例:the finish of the game(比赛的终点)
2. None of his family members worried or tried to stop him. 他的家人中没有人担心或试图阻止他。
【解析】
① 指代范围:表 “三者及以上都不”,可指代人或物,后接复数名词 / 代词或不可数名词。
None of the students passed the test.(没有一个学生通过考试。)
None of the water is left.(水一点也没剩下。)
② 作主语时的主谓一致:后接复数名词 / 代词时,谓语动词可单可复;后接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。
None of the players were/was late.(没有一个运动员迟到。)
None of the information is true.(没有一条信息是真的。)
③ 常用搭配:none of + 复数名词 / 代词 / 不可数名词,表 “…… 中没有一个”。
None of my friends like playing chess.(我的朋友中没有人喜欢下棋。)
【同义短语】no one(仅指人,后不接 of 短语)、not any(可指人或物,需搭配名词)
No one agreed with his plan.(没有人同意他的计划。)
Not any of the books are interesting.(这些书没有一本有趣。)
【易混辨析】
① none vs no one:none 可指人或物,后接 of 短语,回答 how many/much 问句;no one 仅指人,后不接 of 短语,回答 who 问句。
— How many apples are left?(还剩多少苹果?)— None.(一个也没有。)
— Who is in the room?(谁在房间里?)— No one.(没有人。)
② none vs neither:none 用于三者及以上 “都不”;neither 用于两者 “都不”。
Neither of the two choices is good.(两个选择都不好。)
None of the three options is suitable.(三个选项都不合适。)
3. He loves the sport and has no plans to stop. 他热爱这项运动,没有停止的打算。
【解析】
① love + 名词 / 代词(喜爱某人 / 某物)
She loves classical music deeply.(她深爱古典音乐。)
② love doing sth.(喜爱做某事,强调习惯性爱好)
He loves playing basketball with friends on weekends.(他喜欢周末和朋友打篮球。)
③ love to do sth.(偶尔喜欢做某事,强调具体某次动作)
I love to go hiking in spring.(我喜欢春天去徒步。)
【派生词】lovely(形容词,“可爱的”),例:a lovely dog(一只可爱的狗)
4. He could either give up or stop. But he chose neither. 他要么放弃,要么停止,但他两者都没有选。
【解析】“either...or...” 为并列连词结构,表 “要么…… 要么……”,用于二选一;“neither” 为不定代词,表 “两者都不”,否定两者。
【常用结构】
① either...or...(连接并列成分,遵循 “就近原则”)
Either you or he needs to attend the meeting.(要么你,要么他需要参加会议。)
② neither(作主语时,谓语动词用单数)
Neither of the plans is practical.(这两个计划都不实用。)
③ neither...nor...(既不…… 也不……,遵循 “就近原则”)
Neither he nor I like playing football.(他和我都不喜欢踢足球。)
【辨析】
① either:表 “两者中的任一”,可作形容词、代词或副词
② neither:表 “两者都不”,可作形容词、代词或连词
③ both:表 “两者都”,后接复数名词和复数谓语,例:Both of them are good at sports.(他们俩都擅长运动。)
5. With the support of people around, he crossed the finish line finally. 在周围人的支持下,他最终冲过了终点线。
【解析】
① 作名词:with the support of sb.(在某人的支持下)
With the support of his coach, he made great progress.(在教练的支持下,他取得了很大进步。)
② 作动词:support sb./sth.(支持某人 / 某物)
We all support his decision to join the team.(我们都支持他加入队伍的决定。)
【派生词】supportive(形容词,“支持的”),例:a supportive friend(支持你的朋友)
6. Zhang has a dream of marathon running. 张顺有一个跑马拉松的梦想。
【解析】
① 作名词:have a dream of doing sth.(有做某事的梦想)
She has a dream of becoming an Olympic champion.(她有成为奥运冠军的梦想。)
② 作动词:dream of doing sth.(梦想做某事)
He dreams of running in the Olympic Games.(他梦想参加奥运会跑步比赛。)
【搭配】
realize one’s dream(实现梦想)
follow one’s dream(追逐梦想)
one’s dream comes true(某人的梦想成真)
【注意】dream 作动词时,过去式 / 过去分词可写作 dreamed 或 dreamt
7. To take part in the marathon, he trained every day. 为了参加马拉松,他每天都训练。
【解析】
① train + 名词 / 代词(训练某人 / 某物)
The coach trained the team strictly.(教练严格训练队伍。)
② train to do sth.(训练做某事)
She trains to improve her speed every morning.(她每天早上训练以提升速度。)
③ train for sth.(为某事 / 某物训练)
They are training for the coming competition.(他们正在为即将到来的比赛训练。)
8. He enjoyed every moment of running. 他享受跑步的每一刻。
【解析】
① enjoy + 名词 / 代词(享受某物 / 某事)
They enjoyed the beautiful view during the trip.(他们享受旅行中的美景。)
② enjoy doing sth.(享受做某事,后接动名词)
We enjoy playing football after school.(我们喜欢放学后踢足球。)
【搭配】
enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、
enjoy life(享受生活)、
enjoy reading(喜爱阅读)
enjoy the moment(享受当下)
【注意】enjoy 后接动名词,不可接不定式,勿写作 “enjoy to run”(错误)。
9. His passion for the sport won’t stop. 他对这项运动的热情不会停止。
【解析】have a passion for sth./doing sth.(对某事 / 做某事有热情)
She has a great passion for swimming.(她对游泳有极大的热情。)
【同义短语】enthusiasm(名词,“热情;热忱”)、zeal(名词,“热忱;热衷的事物”)
10. She lost one of her left arm and nearly died. 她失去了左臂的一部分,险些丧命。
【解析】
one of + 可数名词复数(…… 中的一个)
One of the students in our class won the competition.(我们班的一名学生赢得了比赛。)
【搭配】
one of my friends(我的一个朋友)
one of the best players(最优秀的选手之一)
one of the important reasons(重要原因之一)
one of the most popular sports(最受欢迎的运动之一)
【注意】one of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数,例:One of the books is about sports.(其中一本书是关于体育的。)
11. She knew things could go either way. 她知道事情可能会往任一方向发展。
【解析】“either” 此处为形容词,表 “(两者中的)任一的;每个的”,也可作代词、副词,用法灵活。
【常用结构】
① 作形容词:either + 单数名词(任一的……)
You can take either bus to the stadium.(你可以乘坐任意一辆公交车去体育馆。)
② 作代词:either of + 复数名词 / 代词(两者中的任一)
Either of the routes is acceptable.(这两条路线中的任意一条都可以。)
③ 作副词:用于否定句末,表 “也”
He doesn’t like swimming, and I don’t either.(他不喜欢游泳,我也不喜欢。)
12. None of the other surfers could compare with Bethany. 其他冲浪选手中没有人能比得上贝瑟尼。
【解析】
① compare A with B(将 A 与 B 对比)
People often compare life with a race.(人们常把人生比作一场赛跑。)
② compare with(比得上;与…… 相比)
No one can compare with him in surfing.(在冲浪方面,没有人能比得上他。)
【辨析】
① compare with:强调 “对比两者的差异或相似点”
② compare to:强调 “把 A 比作 B”,例:He compared her courage to a lion’s.(他把她的勇气比作狮子的勇气。)
13. Any achievement seemed possible, but Bethany never gave up. 任何成就似乎都有可能,但贝瑟尼从未放弃。
【解析】
① any + 单数名词(任何一个……)
Any effort will be rewarded.(任何努力都会有回报。)
② any + 不可数名词(任何……)
You can ask me any question about sports.(关于体育,你可以问我任何问题。)
【搭配】
any time(任何时候)
any place(任何地方)
any person(任何人)
any success(任何成功)
any challenge(任何挑战)
【拓展】any 常用于否定句和疑问句中,表 “一些;任何”,例:Do you have any books on surfing?(你有关于冲浪的书吗?)
14. She worked hard to ride the waves of her dream. 她努力奋斗,去追逐自己的梦想浪潮。
【解析】“worked hard” 为固定短语,表 “努力工作;刻苦努力”,hard 为副词,修饰动词 work,侧重付出大量时间和精力。
【常用结构】
work hard at + 名词 / 动名词(在某方面努力)
He works hard at his sports training every day.(他每天都在体育训练上刻苦努力。)
【搭配】
work hard for a goal(为目标而努力)
work hard to succeed(努力获得成功)
study hard(努力学习)
train hard(刻苦训练)
practice hard(刻苦练习)
【辨析】
① hard(副词,“努力地;猛烈地”),例:It rained hard last night.(昨晚雨下得很大。)
② hardly(副词,“几乎不”),例:He hardly has time to rest.(他几乎没有时间休息。)
15. Tim Simons won a gold medal at the City Swim Meet again! 蒂姆・西蒙斯在城市游泳锦标赛上再次赢得了金牌!
【解析】“won” 为 “win” 的过去式,动词,表 “赢得;获得;战胜”,侧重通过竞争、努力或技能获得奖项、比赛胜利等。
【常用结构】
① win + 名词(赢得某物 / 比赛)
She won the first prize in the singing contest.(她在歌唱比赛中赢得一等奖。)
② win against sb.(战胜某人)
Our team won against the strong opponent.(我们队战胜了强劲的对手。)
【辨析】
① win:强调 “赢得结果”,宾语为比赛、奖项、荣誉等
② beat:强调 “打败对手”,宾语为人或队伍,例:We beat Class 3 and won the game.(我们打败了三班,赢得了比赛。)
【拓展】不规则变化:win-won-won
16. He broke his own record from last year. 他打破了自己去年的记录。
【解析】“broke” 为 “break” 的过去式,动词,表 “打破;弄坏;违反”,此处指 “打破记录”,为常用搭配。
【常用结构】
① break a record(打破记录)
He broke the school record in the 100-meter race.(他打破了学校 100 米赛跑记录。)
② break + 名词(打破某物 / 违反某事)
Don’t break the rules of the game.(不要违反比赛规则。)
【搭配】
break a promise(违背承诺)
break free(挣脱)
break through(突破)
break the world record(打破世界纪录)
break a habit(改掉习惯)
【拓展】不规则变化:break-broke-broken
17. We are so proud of him! 我们为他感到非常骄傲!
【解析】“proud” 为形容词,表 “骄傲的;自豪的;得意的”,侧重因他人或自身的成就、品质而感到光荣。
【常用结构】
① be proud of sb./sth.(为某人 / 某物感到骄傲)
Her parents are proud of her sports achievements.(她的父母为她的体育成就感到骄傲。)
② be proud to do sth.(为做某事而自豪)
She is proud to represent her country in the Olympics.(她为能代表国家参加奥运会而自豪。)
【名词形式】pride(不可数名词,“骄傲;自豪”),常用短语 take pride in(为…… 感到自豪)
18. A key player hurt her foot badly but continued to play. 一名关键球员脚伤严重,但继续比赛。
【解析】
① continue doing sth.(继续做某事,强调接着做同一件事)
He continued running even though he was tired.(尽管很累,他还是继续跑步。)
② continue to do sth.(继续做某事,强调接着做另一件事)
After finishing his homework, he continued to read a book.(做完作业后,他继续看书。)
【同义短语】go on doing sth./go on to do sth.(继续做某事)
19. None of the players lost heart. 没有一名球员灰心丧气。
【解析】lose heart(灰心丧气,无宾语)
Don’t lose heart even if you fail.(即使失败,也不要灰心。)
【区别】
① lose heart:“灰心;丧失信心”,无宾语
② lose one’s heart to:“爱上……”,例:He lost his heart to sports when he was a child.(他小时候就爱上了体育。)
20. They just tried their best to score goals. 他们只是尽全力进球。
【解析】try one’s best to do sth.(尽某人最大努力做某事)
She tried her best to win the game for the team.(她为团队尽最大努力赢得比赛。)
【同义短语】do one’s best to do sth.,例:We did our best to finish the task.(我们尽最大努力完成了任务。)
21. Winning is not everything. 胜利并不是一切。
【解析】“everything” 为不定代词,表 “一切;所有事物;最重要的东西”,用于指代全部相关事物,涵盖范围广。
【常用结构】
① 作主语,谓语动词用单数
Everything goes well with our plan.(我们的计划一切进展顺利。)
② 作宾语
He cares about everything related to sports.(他关心与体育相关的一切。)
22. What sport do you often do? 你经常做什么运动?
【解析】“often” 为频度副词,表 “经常;常常”,用于描述习惯性、经常性的动作,位置通常在主语和谓语动词之间。
【常用结构】often + 动词原形 / 动词第三人称单数(主语为第三人称单数时)
He often goes swimming on weekends.(他经常周末去游泳。)
She often plays badminton after school.(她经常放学后打羽毛球。)
【拓展】频度副词排序:always(总是)> usually(通常)> often(经常)> sometimes(有时)> seldom(很少)> never(从不)
23. Sports can help us keep healthy and strong. 体育能帮助我们保持健康和强壮。
【解析】
① help sb. (to) do sth.(帮助某人做某事,to 可省略)
The coach helps me (to) improve my speed.(教练帮助我提高速度。)
② help (to) do sth.(有助于做某事,to 可省略)
Exercise helps (to) keep the body fit.(运动有助于保持身体健康。)
【派生词】helpful(形容词,“有帮助的”),例:Sports are helpful to health.(运动对
根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hi, Tom! I heard you took part in the school marathon last week. 1. ________?
B: It was really challenging but wonderful. I kept running even when my legs hurt.
A: Wow, you’re so brave! 2. ________?
B: No, I didn’t run alone. My best friend Jack ran with me all the way.
A: That’s great! 3. ________?
B: We prepared for it for three months. We ran in the park every morning before school.
A: 4. ________?
B: Neither of us wanted to give up. When I felt tired, Jack encouraged me, and I did the same for him.
A: That’s the true sporting spirit! 5. ________?
B: Yes, of course! I want to take part in the city marathon next year. I want to challenge myself more.
【答案】
1. How was your experience
2. Did you run alone
3. How long did you prepare for it
4. What did you do when you felt tired
5. Will you take part in similar races in the future
【审题方法】
1. 确定时态:对话围绕 “Tom 参加学校马拉松” 展开,马拉松是过去发生的活动,因此询问比赛相关的问题(如感受、是否独自参赛、准备时长、疲惫时的做法)均需用一般过去时;询问未来计划(是否参加类似比赛)用一般将来时,需注意时态匹配。
2. 明确人物关系与场景:A 和 Tom 是朋友,对话场景为日常交流,核心话题是 Tom 的马拉松参赛经历,语言风格需口语化、自然,符合朋友间的聊天逻辑。
3. 锁定答语线索:补全对话的关键是 “根据答语推问题”,需重点关注答语中的核心信息(如比赛感受 “challenging but wonderful”、参赛形式 “didn’t run alone”、准备时长 “for three months”、坚持方式 “Neither of us wanted to give up”、未来计划 “take part in the city marathon next year”),以此匹配对应的疑问词(how/did/ how long/what/ will)。
【解析】
本文围绕马拉松比赛展开对话,核心考查单元重点不定代词(neither)、短语(take part in、prepare for、give up、encourage sb.)和情景问答逻辑。
1. 根据答语 “It was really challenging but wonderful”,可知此处询问对方参加马拉松的感受,用 “How was your experience” 符合语境,简洁自然。故填 How was your experience
2. 结合答语 “No, I didn’t run alone”,可知此处为一般疑问句,询问是否独自参赛,即 “Did you run alone”,贴合对话逻辑。故填 Did you run alone
3. 由答语 “We prepared for it for three months”,可知此处询问准备时长,用 “How long did you prepare for it”,疑问词 how long 对应 “for three months”。故填 How long did you prepare for it
4. 根据答语 “Neither of us wanted to give up”,可知此处询问疲惫时的做法,用 “What did you do when you felt tired”,衔接自然。故填 What did you do when you felt tired
5. 结合答语 “Yes, of course! I want to take part in the city marathon next year”,可知此处询问是否会参加类似比赛,用 “Will you take part in similar races in the future”,符合后续回答逻辑。故填 Will you take part in similar races in the future
考点 1 不定代词 none/no one 的辨析
1. — Who helped you finish the sports report?
— ________. I did it all by myself.
A. None B. No one C. Both D. Either
【答案】B
【解析】句意:—— 谁帮你完成了体育报告?—— 没有人。我自己完成的。
考查不定代词 none 和 no one 的辨析。none 用于回答 how many/much 引导的问句,可指人或物;no one 用于回答 who 引导的问句,仅指人。结合问句中的 who,故选 B。
考点 2 不定代词 either/neither 的用法
2. — Which sport do you prefer, swimming or running?
— ________. I like playing basketball best.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
【答案】B
【解析】句意:—— 你更喜欢哪种运动,游泳还是跑步?—— 两者都不。我最喜欢打篮球。
考查不定代词 either 和 neither 的用法。either 表示 “两者中任一”;neither 表示 “两者都不”;both 表示 “两者都”;all 表示 “三者及以上都”。结合答语 “最喜欢打篮球”,可知此处指两者都不喜欢,故选 B。
考点 3 不定代词 all/both 的用法
3. ________ of my parents are sports lovers. They often play tennis on weekends.
A. All B. Both C. Either D. Neither
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我的父母都是体育爱好者,他们经常在周末打网球。
考查不定代词 all 和 both 的用法。all 用于指代三者及以上 “都”;both 用于指代两者 “都”;either 表示 “两者中任一”;neither 表示 “两者都不”。parents 为两人,故选 B。
考点 4 短语 lose heart/lose one’s heart 的辨析
4. Don’t ________ when you fail in the competition. Keep trying!
A. lose heart B. lose your heart C. lose hearts D. lose the heart
【答案】A
【解析】句意:当你在比赛中失败时,不要灰心。继续努力!
考查固定短语的辨析。lose heart 为固定短语,意为 “灰心;泄气”;lose one’s heart to sb. 意为 “爱上某人”。结合语境 “失败后继续努力”,故选 A。
考点 5 动词 enjoy 的用法(后接动名词)
5. He ________ every moment of running. It’s his favorite sport.
A. enjoy B. enjoys C. enjoy to D. enjoys to
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他享受跑步的每一刻。这是他最喜欢的运动。
考查动词 enjoy 的用法。enjoy 后接动名词作宾语,不可接不定式;主语 he 为第三人称单数,谓语动词用 enjoys,故选 B。
考点 6 不定代词作主语的主谓一致
6. None of the information ________ true. Don’t believe it.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】句意:关于运动会的信息没有一条是真的。别相信它。
考查不定代词作主语的主谓一致。none of 后接不可数名词 information 时,谓语动词用单数;结合语境 “别相信它”,用一般现在时,故选 A。
考点 7 动词 win 的用法(win + 奖项 / 比赛)
7. Tim Simons ________ a gold medal at the City Swim Meet again. He’s so excellent!
A. won B. beat C. gained D. got
【答案】A
【解析】句意:蒂姆・西蒙斯在城市游泳锦标赛上再次赢得了金牌。他太优秀了!
考查动词 win 的用法。win 后接奖项、比赛等 “结果类宾语”;beat 后接人或队伍 “对手类宾语”;gained 侧重 “获得利益、知识”;got 侧重 “得到”。结合宾语 “a gold medal”,故选 A。
考点 8 either...or... 的就近原则
8. Either you or your brother ________ the classroom today.
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to clean
【答案】B
【解析】句意:要么你,要么你哥哥今天打扫教室。
考查 either...or... 的就近原则。either...or... 连接并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数与靠近它的主语保持一致。此处靠近谓语的主语 your brother 为单数,谓语动词用 cleans,故选 B。
知识导图记忆
重点单词
19 / 19
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
名词
1. sport 运动;体育
2. marathon 马拉松
3. spirit 精神
4. dream 梦想
5. player 运动员
6. choice 选择
7. challenge 挑战
8. support 支持
9. record 记录
10. medal 奖牌
11. competition 竞赛;比赛
12. achievement 成就
动词
1. finish 完成;结束;跑完(比赛)
2. prepare 准备
3. encourage 鼓励
4. train 训练;锻炼
5. enjoy 享受;喜爱
6. win 赢得;获得
7. break 打破(记录)
8. support 支持;支撑
9. continue 继续
10. choose 选择
11. compare 比较;比得上
形容词
1. challenging 有挑战性的
2. proud 骄傲的;自豪的
3. strong 强壮的
4. excellent 优秀的
5. determined 坚定的
6. supportive 支持的
7. physical 身体的
介词
1. for 为了;给
2. with 带有;在…… 的支持下
3. against 对抗;与…… 竞争
4. during 在…… 期间
不定代词
1. all 三者及以上都
2. both 两者都
3. either 两者中任一
4. neither 两者都不
5. none 三者及以上都不
兼类词
1. dream n. 梦想 v. 梦想;做梦
2. support n. 支持;支撑 v. 支持;拥护
3. challenge n. 挑战 v. 向…… 挑战
4. record n. 记录 v. 记录;打破记录
5. choice n. 选择 v. choose
6. sport n. 运动 v. 参加体育运动
7. finish n. 结局;终点 v. 完成;结束
重点短语
cross the finish line 冲过终点线
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
have a dream of 有……的梦想
encourage sb. 鼓励某人
give up 放弃
prepare for 为……做准备
take part in 参加
be full of 充满
fill...with... 用……填满……
lose heart 灰心;泄气
重点单词变形
1. sport(n. 运动)→ sports(adj. 运动的)
2. challenge(n./v. 挑战)→ challenging(adj. 有挑战性的)
3. encourage(v. 鼓励)→ encouragement(n. 鼓励)→ encouraged(adj. 受鼓舞的)
4. prepare(v. 准备)→ preparation(n. 准备)→ prepared(adj. 准备好的)
5. choose(v. 选择)→ choice(n. 选择)
6. support(v./n. 支持)→ supportive(adj. 支持的)
7. dream(n./v. 梦想;做梦)→ dreamt/dreamed(过去式 / 过去分词)
8. finish(v. 完成)→ finished(adj. 完成的)
一、单项选择(8 题)
1. — How many students in your class took part in the school sports meeting?
— ________. All of them went to the science exhibition.
A. None B. No one C. Both D. Either
【答案】A
【解析】句意:—— 你们班有多少学生参加了学校运动会?—— 没有一个。他们都去看科学展览了。
考查不定代词 none 和 no one 的辨析。none 用于回答 how many/much 引导的问句,可指人或物;no one 用于回答 who 引导的问句,只能指人。结合问句中的 how many 和答语语境,故选 A。
2. ________ my brother nor I like playing football. We prefer playing basketball.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我哥哥和我都不喜欢踢足球。我们更喜欢打篮球。
考查不定代词 neither...nor... 的用法。either...or... 表示 “要么…… 要么……”;neither...nor... 表示 “既不…… 也不……”;both 表示 “两者都”,后接 and;all 表示 “三者及以上都”。结合答语 “更喜欢打篮球” 可知,此处表示两者都不喜欢,故选 B。
3. The classroom is ________ with students’ laughter. It’s full of joy.
A. filled B. full C. fill D. filling
【答案】A
【解析】句意:教室里充满了学生们的笑声,洋溢着欢乐。
考查固定短语的用法。be filled with 与 be full of 均表示 “充满”,为固定搭配。结合空后的 with 可知,此处应用 filled,故选 A。
4. All of the teachers ________ kind to us. We love them very much.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】B
【解析】句意:所有的老师都对我们很好。我们非常爱他们。
考查主谓一致和时态。all of 后接复数名词 teachers,谓语动词应用复数形式;结合语境 “我们非常爱他们” 可知,此处描述的是一般情况,用一般现在时,故选 B。
5. — Did you get any prizes in the sports meeting?
— Yes, but ________ of them is my favorite. I only like the medal for teamwork.
A. either B. neither C. none D. all
【答案】C
【解析】句意:—— 你在运动会上获奖了吗?—— 是的,但没有一个是我最喜欢的。我只喜欢团队合作奖牌。
考查不定代词的用法。either 表示 “两者中任一”;neither 表示 “两者都不”;none 表示 “三者及以上都不”;all 表示 “三者及以上都”。结合答语 “只喜欢团队合作奖牌” 可知,获得的奖品(三者及以上)中没有最喜欢的,故选 C。
6. Either you or your sister ________ the dishes after dinner.
A. wash B. washes C. washing D. to wash
【答案】B
【解析】句意:要么你,要么你姐姐晚饭后洗碗。
考查 either...or... 的就近原则。either...or... 连接并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循 “就近原则”,即与靠近它的主语保持一致。此处靠近谓语的主语 your sister 为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故选 B。
7. He ________ his dream of becoming a runner even though he met many difficulties.
A. gave up B. didn’t give up C. gave in D. didn’t give in
【答案】B
【解析】句意:尽管遇到了很多困难,他并没有放弃成为一名跑步运动员的梦想。
考查动词短语辨析。gave up 表示 “放弃”;didn’t give up 表示 “没有放弃”;gave in 表示 “屈服”;didn’t give in 表示 “没有屈服”。结合语境 “尽管有很多困难” 和 “成为跑步运动员的梦想”,可知此处表示 “没有放弃”,give up 侧重放弃目标,give in 侧重屈服于压力,故选 B。
8. With the ________ of his coach, he won the first prize in the running competition.
A. support B. encourage C. challenge D. dream
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在教练的支持下,他赢得了跑步比赛的一等奖。
考查名词辨析和固定短语。support 为名词,意为 “支持”,with the support of sb. 为固定短语,意为 “在某人的支持下”;encourage 为动词,意为 “鼓励”,其名词形式为 encouragement;challenge 意为 “挑战”;dream 意为 “梦想”。结合语境和固定短语,故选 A。
二、填写单词(10 题)
1. The ________(挑战)of the marathon is not only physical but also mental.
【答案】challenge
【解析】句意:马拉松的挑战不仅是身体上的,也是精神上的。根据汉语 “挑战” 可知,用名词 challenge,此处为单数形式,指代马拉松这一挑战。故填 challenge。
2. We should ________(鼓励)each other when we face difficulties in sports.
【答案】encourage
【解析】句意:当我们在体育中遇到困难时,应该互相鼓励。根据汉语 “鼓励” 可知,用动词 encourage,情态动词 should 后接动词原形。故填 encourage。
3. ________(两者都)of my parents are basketball fans. They often watch games together.
【答案】Both
【解析】句意:我的父母都是篮球迷,他们经常一起看比赛。根据汉语 “两者都” 可知,用不定代词 Both,用于指代父母两人,句首首字母需大写。故填 Both。
4. He didn’t ________(放弃)his dream of being a football player even after failing many times.
【答案】give up
【解析】句意:即使失败了很多次,他也没有放弃成为足球运动员的梦想。根据汉语 “放弃” 可知,用固定短语 give up,助动词 didn’t 后接动词原形,短语保持不变。故填 give up。
5. With the ________(支持)of his family, he became a successful athlete.
【答案】support
【解析】句意:在家人的支持下,他成为了一名成功的运动员。根据汉语 “支持” 可知,用名词 support,为不可数名词,“with the support of sb.” 为固定搭配。故填 support。
6. You have two ________(选择): join the swimming club or the running club.
【答案】choices
【解析】句意:你有两个选择:加入游泳俱乐部或跑步俱乐部。根据汉语 “选择” 可知,用名词 choice,空前有基数词 two 修饰,需用复数形式 choices。故填 choices。
7. The ________(精神)of sports encourages us to keep trying even when we fail.
【答案】spirit
【解析】句意:体育精神鼓励我们即使失败也要继续尝试。根据汉语 “精神” 可知,用名词 spirit,此处特指体育精神,为不可数名词。故填 spirit。
8. None of the ________(运动员)lost heart in the difficult match.
【答案】players
【解析】句意:在这场艰难的比赛中,没有一个运动员灰心。根据汉语 “运动员” 可知,用名词 player,空前有定冠词 the 修饰,且 None 表示三者及以上都不,需用复数形式 players。故填 players。
9. She has a ________(梦想)of running in the Olympic Games one day.
【答案】dream
【解析】句意:她有一天能参加奥运会跑步比赛的梦想。根据汉语 “梦想” 可知,用名词 dream,空前有不定冠词 a 修饰,用单数形式。故填 dream。
10. They ________(准备)for the sports meeting for a whole month.
【答案】prepared
【解析】句意:他们为运动会准备了整整一个月。根据汉语 “准备” 可知,用动词 prepare,结合语境 “for a whole month” 可知,此处描述过去的动作,用一般过去时,prepare 的过去式为 prepared。故填 prepared。
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. None of the ________(player)wanted to lose the game. They tried their best.
【答案】players
【解析】句意:没有一个运动员想输掉比赛,他们都尽了最大努力。none of 后接复数名词,player 的复数形式为 players。
2. Either you or your brother ________(be)responsible for cleaning the gym today.
【答案】is
【解析】句意:要么你,要么你哥哥今天负责打扫体育馆。either...or... 遵循就近原则,靠近谓语的主语 your brother 为单数,be 动词用 is。
3. He ________(fill)his schoolbag with sports books and went to the library.
【答案】filled
【解析】句意:他把书包装满体育书籍,然后去了图书馆。由并列谓语 went 可知,此处用一般过去时,fill 的过去式为 filled。
4. Neither my friends nor I ________(like)playing volleyball. We like tennis better.
【答案】like
【解析】句意:我和我的朋友们都不喜欢打排球,我们更喜欢网球。neither...nor... 遵循就近原则,靠近谓语的主语 I 为第一人称,谓语动词用 like。
5. All the ________(prepare)for the marathon are ready. The runners are excited.
【答案】preparations
【解析】句意:马拉松的所有准备工作都已就绪,运动员们很兴奋。由 all 可知,此处用复数名词,prepare 的名词形式为 preparation,复数为 preparations。
6. She ________(encourage)by her coach to keep running when she wanted to give up.
【答案】was encouraged
【解析】句意:当她想放弃时,教练鼓励她继续跑。主语 she 与 encourage 为被动关系,结合语境用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为 was/were + 过去分词,主语为单数,故填 was encouraged。
7. None of the information about the sports meeting ________(be)true. Don’t spread it.
【答案】is
【解析】句意:关于运动会的所有信息都不是真的,别传播。none of 后接不可数名词 information,谓语动词用单数,结合语境 “别传播” 可知用一般现在时,故填 is。
8. Both of my sisters ________(take)part in the school dancing competition last year.
【答案】took
【解析】句意:我的两个姐姐去年都参加了学校的舞蹈比赛。由 last year 可知用一般过去时,take 的过去式为 took。
9. He ________(give)up smoking three years ago and now he often does sports.
【答案】gave
【解析】句意:他三年前戒烟了,现在经常做运动。由 three years ago 可知用一般过去时,give 的过去式为 gave。
10. Either of the two buses ________(take)you to the sports center. You can choose any.
【答案】takes
【解析】句意:这两辆公交车中的任何一辆都能把你送到体育中心,你可以任选一辆。either of 后接复数名词,谓语动词用单数,结合语境用一般现在时,take 的第三人称单数形式为 takes。
四、完成句子
1. 没有一个学生想错过这场精彩的体育比赛。
________ ________ the students wants to miss this wonderful sports match.
【答案】None of
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “没有一个”;none of 后接复数名词,表 “三者及以上都不”,符合语境,故填 None;of。
2. 他用勇气和坚持填满了自己的生活。
He ________ his life ________ courage and perseverance.
【答案】filled; with
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “用…… 填满……”;考查固定短语 fill...with...,结合语境可知用一般过去时,fill 的过去式为 filled,故填 filled;with。
3. 无论是你还是他,都应该参加这个跑步俱乐部。
________ you ________ he should join this running club.
【答案】Either; or
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “无论是…… 还是……”;考查固定搭配 either...or...,用于表示二选一,故填 Either;or。
4. 面对困难时,永远不要灰心。
Never ________ ________ when you face difficulties.
【答案】lose heart
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “灰心”;考查固定短语 lose heart,为不及物短语,此处为祈使句否定形式,用动词原形,故填 lose;heart。
5. 我的父母都不喜欢熬夜看体育比赛。
________ ________ my parents likes staying up late to watch sports matches.
【答案】Neither of
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “两者都不”;neither of 后接复数名词,谓语动词用单数,符合语境,故填 Neither;of。
6. 在老师和同学的支持下,她赢得了马拉松比赛。
________ ________ ________ of teachers and classmates, she won the marathon.
【答案】With the support
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “在…… 的支持下”;考查固定短语 with the support of sb.,故填 With;the;support。
7. 他有一个成为专业运动员的梦想。
He has a ________ of becoming a professional ________.
【答案】dream; athlete
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “梦想” 和 “运动员”;“梦想” 用 dream,空前有 a 修饰用单数;“运动员” 用 athlete,空前有 a 修饰用单数,故填 dream;athlete。
8. 他们为这场比赛准备了两个月。
They ________ ________ the match for two months.
【答案】prepared for
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “为…… 准备”;考查短语 prepare for,结合语境 “准备了两个月” 可知用一般过去时,prepare 的过去式为 prepared,故填 prepared;for。
9. 所有的运动员都屏住呼吸等待比赛结果。
All the players ________ ________ ________ and waited for the match result.
【答案】held their breath
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “屏住呼吸”;考查固定短语 hold one’s breath,结合并列谓语 waited 可知用一般过去时,hold 的过去式为 held,players 对应的形容词性物主代词为 their,故填 held;their;breath。
10. 虽然他受伤了,但他没有放弃,最终冲过了终点线。
Though he was hurt, he didn’t ________ ________ and crossed the finish line finally.
【答案】give up
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少 “放弃”;考查固定短语 give up,助动词 didn’t 后接动词原形,故填 give;up。
$第 02 讲 Unit 2 Go for it!
(寒假预习讲义)
内容导航——预习三步曲
第一步:学
析教材 学知识:教材精讲精析、全方位预习
练习题 讲典例:教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法
练考点 强知识:核心考点精准练
第二步:记
串知识 识框架:思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握
第三步:测
过关测 稳提升:小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升
1. Zhang Shun was the oldest and the slowest runner to finish the 2022 Beijing Marathon. 张顺是 2022 年北京马拉松中年龄最大、跑得最慢的完赛选手。
【解析】“finish” 为动词,核心含义为 “完成;结束;跑完(比赛)”,侧重达成目标或结束动作,此处特指完成马拉松赛事。
【常用搭配】
① finish + 名词 / 代词(完成某事 / 某物)
She finished her project ahead of time.(她提前完成了项目。)
② finish doing sth.(完成做某事,后接动名词作宾语)
He finished preparing for the race in three days.(他用三天时间完成了比赛准备。)
【注意】finish 后接动名词,不可接不定式,勿写作 “finish to run”(错误)。
【派生词】finish(可数名词,“结局;终点”),例:the finish of the game(比赛的终点)
2. None of his family members worried or tried to stop him. 他的家人中没有人担心或试图阻止他。
【解析】
① 指代范围:表 “三者及以上都不”,可指代人或物,后接复数名词 / 代词或不可数名词。
None of the students passed the test.(没有一个学生通过考试。)
None of the water is left.(水一点也没剩下。)
② 作主语时的主谓一致:后接复数名词 / 代词时,谓语动词可单可复;后接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。
None of the players were/was late.(没有一个运动员迟到。)
None of the information is true.(没有一条信息是真的。)
③ 常用搭配:none of + 复数名词 / 代词 / 不可数名词,表 “…… 中没有一个”。
None of my friends like playing chess.(我的朋友中没有人喜欢下棋。)
【同义短语】no one(仅指人,后不接 of 短语)、not any(可指人或物,需搭配名词)
No one agreed with his plan.(没有人同意他的计划。)
Not any of the books are interesting.(这些书没有一本有趣。)
【易混辨析】
① none vs no one:none 可指人或物,后接 of 短语,回答 how many/much 问句;no one 仅指人,后不接 of 短语,回答 who 问句。
— How many apples are left?(还剩多少苹果?)— None.(一个也没有。)
— Who is in the room?(谁在房间里?)— No one.(没有人。)
② none vs neither:none 用于三者及以上 “都不”;neither 用于两者 “都不”。
Neither of the two choices is good.(两个选择都不好。)
None of the three options is suitable.(三个选项都不合适。)
3. He loves the sport and has no plans to stop. 他热爱这项运动,没有停止的打算。
【解析】
① love + 名词 / 代词(喜爱某人 / 某物)
She loves classical music deeply.(她深爱古典音乐。)
② love doing sth.(喜爱做某事,强调习惯性爱好)
He loves playing basketball with friends on weekends.(他喜欢周末和朋友打篮球。)
③ love to do sth.(偶尔喜欢做某事,强调具体某次动作)
I love to go hiking in spring.(我喜欢春天去徒步。)
【派生词】lovely(形容词,“可爱的”),例:a lovely dog(一只可爱的狗)
4. He could either give up or stop. But he chose neither. 他要么放弃,要么停止,但他两者都没有选。
【解析】“either...or...” 为并列连词结构,表 “要么…… 要么……”,用于二选一;“neither” 为不定代词,表 “两者都不”,否定两者。
【常用结构】
① either...or...(连接并列成分,遵循 “就近原则”)
Either you or he needs to attend the meeting.(要么你,要么他需要参加会议。)
② neither(作主语时,谓语动词用单数)
Neither of the plans is practical.(这两个计划都不实用。)
③ neither...nor...(既不…… 也不……,遵循 “就近原则”)
Neither he nor I like playing football.(他和我都不喜欢踢足球。)
【辨析】
① either:表 “两者中的任一”,可作形容词、代词或副词
② neither:表 “两者都不”,可作形容词、代词或连词
③ both:表 “两者都”,后接复数名词和复数谓语,例:Both of them are good at sports.(他们俩都擅长运动。)
5. With the support of people around, he crossed the finish line finally. 在周围人的支持下,他最终冲过了终点线。
【解析】
① 作名词:with the support of sb.(在某人的支持下)
With the support of his coach, he made great progress.(在教练的支持下,他取得了很大进步。)
② 作动词:support sb./sth.(支持某人 / 某物)
We all support his decision to join the team.(我们都支持他加入队伍的决定。)
【派生词】supportive(形容词,“支持的”),例:a supportive friend(支持你的朋友)
6. Zhang has a dream of marathon running. 张顺有一个跑马拉松的梦想。
【解析】
① 作名词:have a dream of doing sth.(有做某事的梦想)
She has a dream of becoming an Olympic champion.(她有成为奥运冠军的梦想。)
② 作动词:dream of doing sth.(梦想做某事)
He dreams of running in the Olympic Games.(他梦想参加奥运会跑步比赛。)
【搭配】
realize one’s dream(实现梦想)
follow one’s dream(追逐梦想)
one’s dream comes true(某人的梦想成真)
【注意】dream 作动词时,过去式 / 过去分词可写作 dreamed 或 dreamt
7. To take part in the marathon, he trained every day. 为了参加马拉松,他每天都训练。
【解析】
① train + 名词 / 代词(训练某人 / 某物)
The coach trained the team strictly.(教练严格训练队伍。)
② train to do sth.(训练做某事)
She trains to improve her speed every morning.(她每天早上训练以提升速度。)
③ train for sth.(为某事 / 某物训练)
They are training for the coming competition.(他们正在为即将到来的比赛训练。)
8. He enjoyed every moment of running. 他享受跑步的每一刻。
【解析】
① enjoy + 名词 / 代词(享受某物 / 某事)
They enjoyed the beautiful view during the trip.(他们享受旅行中的美景。)
② enjoy doing sth.(享受做某事,后接动名词)
We enjoy playing football after school.(我们喜欢放学后踢足球。)
【搭配】
enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、
enjoy life(享受生活)、
enjoy reading(喜爱阅读)
enjoy the moment(享受当下)
【注意】enjoy 后接动名词,不可接不定式,勿写作 “enjoy to run”(错误)。
9. His passion for the sport won’t stop. 他对这项运动的热情不会停止。
【解析】have a passion for sth./doing sth.(对某事 / 做某事有热情)
She has a great passion for swimming.(她对游泳有极大的热情。)
【同义短语】enthusiasm(名词,“热情;热忱”)、zeal(名词,“热忱;热衷的事物”)
10. She lost one of her left arm and nearly died. 她失去了左臂的一部分,险些丧命。
【解析】
one of + 可数名词复数(…… 中的一个)
One of the students in our class won the competition.(我们班的一名学生赢得了比赛。)
【搭配】
one of my friends(我的一个朋友)
one of the best players(最优秀的选手之一)
one of the important reasons(重要原因之一)
one of the most popular sports(最受欢迎的运动之一)
【注意】one of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数,例:One of the books is about sports.(其中一本书是关于体育的。)
11. She knew things could go either way. 她知道事情可能会往任一方向发展。
【解析】“either” 此处为形容词,表 “(两者中的)任一的;每个的”,也可作代词、副词,用法灵活。
【常用结构】
① 作形容词:either + 单数名词(任一的……)
You can take either bus to the stadium.(你可以乘坐任意一辆公交车去体育馆。)
② 作代词:either of + 复数名词 / 代词(两者中的任一)
Either of the routes is acceptable.(这两条路线中的任意一条都可以。)
③ 作副词:用于否定句末,表 “也”
He doesn’t like swimming, and I don’t either.(他不喜欢游泳,我也不喜欢。)
12. None of the other surfers could compare with Bethany. 其他冲浪选手中没有人能比得上贝瑟尼。
【解析】
① compare A with B(将 A 与 B 对比)
People often compare life with a race.(人们常把人生比作一场赛跑。)
② compare with(比得上;与…… 相比)
No one can compare with him in surfing.(在冲浪方面,没有人能比得上他。)
【辨析】
① compare with:强调 “对比两者的差异或相似点”
② compare to:强调 “把 A 比作 B”,例:He compared her courage to a lion’s.(他把她的勇气比作狮子的勇气。)
13. Any achievement seemed possible, but Bethany never gave up. 任何成就似乎都有可能,但贝瑟尼从未放弃。
【解析】
① any + 单数名词(任何一个……)
Any effort will be rewarded.(任何努力都会有回报。)
② any + 不可数名词(任何……)
You can ask me any question about sports.(关于体育,你可以问我任何问题。)
【搭配】
any time(任何时候)
any place(任何地方)
any person(任何人)
any success(任何成功)
any challenge(任何挑战)
【拓展】any 常用于否定句和疑问句中,表 “一些;任何”,例:Do you have any books on surfing?(你有关于冲浪的书吗?)
14. She worked hard to ride the waves of her dream. 她努力奋斗,去追逐自己的梦想浪潮。
【解析】“worked hard” 为固定短语,表 “努力工作;刻苦努力”,hard 为副词,修饰动词 work,侧重付出大量时间和精力。
【常用结构】
work hard at + 名词 / 动名词(在某方面努力)
He works hard at his sports training every day.(他每天都在体育训练上刻苦努力。)
【搭配】
work hard for a goal(为目标而努力)
work hard to succeed(努力获得成功)
study hard(努力学习)
train hard(刻苦训练)
practice hard(刻苦练习)
【辨析】
① hard(副词,“努力地;猛烈地”),例:It rained hard last night.(昨晚雨下得很大。)
② hardly(副词,“几乎不”),例:He hardly has time to rest.(他几乎没有时间休息。)
15. Tim Simons won a gold medal at the City Swim Meet again! 蒂姆・西蒙斯在城市游泳锦标赛上再次赢得了金牌!
【解析】“won” 为 “win” 的过去式,动词,表 “赢得;获得;战胜”,侧重通过竞争、努力或技能获得奖项、比赛胜利等。
【常用结构】
① win + 名词(赢得某物 / 比赛)
She won the first prize in the singing contest.(她在歌唱比赛中赢得一等奖。)
② win against sb.(战胜某人)
Our team won against the strong opponent.(我们队战胜了强劲的对手。)
【辨析】
① win:强调 “赢得结果”,宾语为比赛、奖项、荣誉等
② beat:强调 “打败对手”,宾语为人或队伍,例:We beat Class 3 and won the game.(我们打败了三班,赢得了比赛。)
【拓展】不规则变化:win-won-won
16. He broke his own record from last year. 他打破了自己去年的记录。
【解析】“broke” 为 “break” 的过去式,动词,表 “打破;弄坏;违反”,此处指 “打破记录”,为常用搭配。
【常用结构】
① break a record(打破记录)
He broke the school record in the 100-meter race.(他打破了学校 100 米赛跑记录。)
② break + 名词(打破某物 / 违反某事)
Don’t break the rules of the game.(不要违反比赛规则。)
【搭配】
break a promise(违背承诺)
break free(挣脱)
break through(突破)
break the world record(打破世界纪录)
break a habit(改掉习惯)
【拓展】不规则变化:break-broke-broken
17. We are so proud of him! 我们为他感到非常骄傲!
【解析】“proud” 为形容词,表 “骄傲的;自豪的;得意的”,侧重因他人或自身的成就、品质而感到光荣。
【常用结构】
① be proud of sb./sth.(为某人 / 某物感到骄傲)
Her parents are proud of her sports achievements.(她的父母为她的体育成就感到骄傲。)
② be proud to do sth.(为做某事而自豪)
She is proud to represent her country in the Olympics.(她为能代表国家参加奥运会而自豪。)
【名词形式】pride(不可数名词,“骄傲;自豪”),常用短语 take pride in(为…… 感到自豪)
18. A key player hurt her foot badly but continued to play. 一名关键球员脚伤严重,但继续比赛。
【解析】
① continue doing sth.(继续做某事,强调接着做同一件事)
He continued running even though he was tired.(尽管很累,他还是继续跑步。)
② continue to do sth.(继续做某事,强调接着做另一件事)
After finishing his homework, he continued to read a book.(做完作业后,他继续看书。)
【同义短语】go on doing sth./go on to do sth.(继续做某事)
19. None of the players lost heart. 没有一名球员灰心丧气。
【解析】lose heart(灰心丧气,无宾语)
Don’t lose heart even if you fail.(即使失败,也不要灰心。)
【区别】
① lose heart:“灰心;丧失信心”,无宾语
② lose one’s heart to:“爱上……”,例:He lost his heart to sports when he was a child.(他小时候就爱上了体育。)
20. They just tried their best to score goals. 他们只是尽全力进球。
【解析】try one’s best to do sth.(尽某人最大努力做某事)
She tried her best to win the game for the team.(她为团队尽最大努力赢得比赛。)
【同义短语】do one’s best to do sth.,例:We did our best to finish the task.(我们尽最大努力完成了任务。)
21. Winning is not everything. 胜利并不是一切。
【解析】“everything” 为不定代词,表 “一切;所有事物;最重要的东西”,用于指代全部相关事物,涵盖范围广。
【常用结构】
① 作主语,谓语动词用单数
Everything goes well with our plan.(我们的计划一切进展顺利。)
② 作宾语
He cares about everything related to sports.(他关心与体育相关的一切。)
22. What sport do you often do? 你经常做什么运动?
【解析】“often” 为频度副词,表 “经常;常常”,用于描述习惯性、经常性的动作,位置通常在主语和谓语动词之间。
【常用结构】often + 动词原形 / 动词第三人称单数(主语为第三人称单数时)
He often goes swimming on weekends.(他经常周末去游泳。)
She often plays badminton after school.(她经常放学后打羽毛球。)
【拓展】频度副词排序:always(总是)> usually(通常)> often(经常)> sometimes(有时)> seldom(很少)> never(从不)
23. Sports can help us keep healthy and strong. 体育能帮助我们保持健康和强壮。
【解析】
① help sb. (to) do sth.(帮助某人做某事,to 可省略)
The coach helps me (to) improve my speed.(教练帮助我提高速度。)
② help (to) do sth.(有助于做某事,to 可省略)
Exercise helps (to) keep the body fit.(运动有助于保持身体健康。)
【派生词】helpful(形容词,“有帮助的”),例:Sports are helpful to health.(运动对
根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hi, Tom! I heard you took part in the school marathon last week. 1. ________?
B: It was really challenging but wonderful. I kept running even when my legs hurt.
A: Wow, you’re so brave! 2. ________?
B: No, I didn’t run alone. My best friend Jack ran with me all the way.
A: That’s great! 3. ________?
B: We prepared for it for three months. We ran in the park every morning before school.
A: 4. ________?
B: Neither of us wanted to give up. When I felt tired, Jack encouraged me, and I did the same for him.
A: That’s the true sporting spirit! 5. ________?
B: Yes, of course! I want to take part in the city marathon next year. I want to challenge myself more.
考点 1 不定代词 none/no one 的辨析
1. — Who helped you finish the sports report?
— ________. I did it all by myself.
A. None B. No one C. Both D. Either
考点 2 不定代词 either/neither 的用法
2. — Which sport do you prefer, swimming or running?
— ________. I like playing basketball best.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
考点 3 不定代词 all/both 的用法
3. ________ of my parents are sports lovers. They often play tennis on weekends.
A. All B. Both C. Either D. Neither
考点 4 短语 lose heart/lose one’s heart 的辨析
4. Don’t ________ when you fail in the competition. Keep trying!
A. lose heart B. lose your heart C. lose hearts D. lose the heart
考点 5 动词 enjoy 的用法(后接动名词)
5. He ________ every moment of running. It’s his favorite sport.
A. enjoy B. enjoys C. enjoy to D. enjoys to
考点 6 不定代词作主语的主谓一致
6. None of the information ________ true. Don’t believe it.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
考点 7 动词 win 的用法(win + 奖项 / 比赛)
7. Tim Simons ________ a gold medal at the City Swim Meet again. He’s so excellent!
A. won B. beat C. gained D. got
考点 8 either...or... 的就近原则
8. Either you or your brother ________ the classroom today.
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to clean
知识导图记忆
重点单词
19 / 19
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
名词
1. sport 运动;体育
2. marathon 马拉松
3. spirit 精神
4. dream 梦想
5. player 运动员
6. choice 选择
7. challenge 挑战
8. support 支持
9. record 记录
10. medal 奖牌
11. competition 竞赛;比赛
12. achievement 成就
动词
1. finish 完成;结束;跑完(比赛)
2. prepare 准备
3. encourage 鼓励
4. train 训练;锻炼
5. enjoy 享受;喜爱
6. win 赢得;获得
7. break 打破(记录)
8. support 支持;支撑
9. continue 继续
10. choose 选择
11. compare 比较;比得上
形容词
1. challenging 有挑战性的
2. proud 骄傲的;自豪的
3. strong 强壮的
4. excellent 优秀的
5. determined 坚定的
6. supportive 支持的
7. physical 身体的
介词
1. for 为了;给
2. with 带有;在…… 的支持下
3. against 对抗;与…… 竞争
4. during 在…… 期间
不定代词
1. all 三者及以上都
2. both 两者都
3. either 两者中任一
4. neither 两者都不
5. none 三者及以上都不
兼类词
1. dream n. 梦想 v. 梦想;做梦
2. support n. 支持;支撑 v. 支持;拥护
3. challenge n. 挑战 v. 向…… 挑战
4. record n. 记录 v. 记录;打破记录
5. choice n. 选择 v. choose
6. sport n. 运动 v. 参加体育运动
7. finish n. 结局;终点 v. 完成;结束
重点短语
cross the finish line 冲过终点线
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
have a dream of 有……的梦想
encourage sb. 鼓励某人
give up 放弃
prepare for 为……做准备
take part in 参加
be full of 充满
fill...with... 用……填满……
lose heart 灰心;泄气
重点单词变形
1. sport(n. 运动)→ sports(adj. 运动的)
2. challenge(n./v. 挑战)→ challenging(adj. 有挑战性的)
3. encourage(v. 鼓励)→ encouragement(n. 鼓励)→ encouraged(adj. 受鼓舞的)
4. prepare(v. 准备)→ preparation(n. 准备)→ prepared(adj. 准备好的)
5. choose(v. 选择)→ choice(n. 选择)
6. support(v./n. 支持)→ supportive(adj. 支持的)
7. dream(n./v. 梦想;做梦)→ dreamt/dreamed(过去式 / 过去分词)
8. finish(v. 完成)→ finished(adj. 完成的)
一、单项选择(8 题)
1. — How many students in your class took part in the school sports meeting?
— ________. All of them went to the science exhibition.
A. None B. No one C. Both D. Either
2. ________ my brother nor I like playing football. We prefer playing basketball.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
3. The classroom is ________ with students’ laughter. It’s full of joy.
A. filled B. full C. fill D. filling
4. All of the teachers ________ kind to us. We love them very much.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
5. — Did you get any prizes in the sports meeting?
— Yes, but ________ of them is my favorite. I only like the medal for teamwork.
A. either B. neither C. none D. all
6. Either you or your sister ________ the dishes after dinner.
A. wash B. washes C. washing D. to wash
7. He ________ his dream of becoming a runner even though he met many difficulties.
A. gave up B. didn’t give up C. gave in D. didn’t give in
8. With the ________ of his coach, he won the first prize in the running competition.
A. support B. encourage C. challenge D. dream
二、填写单词(10 题)
1. The ________(挑战)of the marathon is not only physical but also mental.
2. We should ________(鼓励)each other when we face difficulties in sports.
3. ________(两者都)of my parents are basketball fans. They often watch games together.
4. He didn’t ________(放弃)his dream of being a football player even after failing many times.
5. With the ________(支持)of his family, he became a successful athlete.
6. You have two ________(选择): join the swimming club or the running club.
7. The ________(精神)of sports encourages us to keep trying even when we fail.
8. None of the ________(运动员)lost heart in the difficult match.
9. She has a ________(梦想)of running in the Olympic Games one day.
10. They ________(准备)for the sports meeting for a whole month.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. None of the ________(player)wanted to lose the game. They tried their best.
2. Either you or your brother ________(be)responsible for cleaning the gym today.
3. He ________(fill)his schoolbag with sports books and went to the library.
4. Neither my friends nor I ________(like)playing volleyball. We like tennis better.
5. All the ________(prepare)for the marathon are ready. The runners are excited.
6. She ________(encourage)by her coach to keep running when she wanted to give up.
7. None of the information about the sports meeting ________(be)true. Don’t spread it.
8. Both of my sisters ________(take)part in the school dancing competition last year.
9. He ________(give)up smoking three years ago and now he often does sports.
10. Either of the two buses ________(take)you to the sports center. You can choose any.
四、完成句子
1. 没有一个学生想错过这场精彩的体育比赛。
________ ________ the students wants to miss this wonderful sports match.
2. 他用勇气和坚持填满了自己的生活。
He ________ his life ________ courage and perseverance.
3. 无论是你还是他,都应该参加这个跑步俱乐部。
________ you ________ he should join this running club.
4. 面对困难时,永远不要灰心。
Never ________ ________ when you face difficulties.
5. 我的父母都不喜欢熬夜看体育比赛。
________ ________ my parents likes staying up late to watch sports matches.
6. 在老师和同学的支持下,她赢得了马拉松比赛。
________ ________ ________ of teachers and classmates, she won the marathon.
7. 他有一个成为专业运动员的梦想。
He has a ________ of becoming a professional ________.
8. 他们为这场比赛准备了两个月。
They ________ ________ the match for two months.
9. 所有的运动员都屏住呼吸等待比赛结果。
All the players ________ ________ ________ and waited for the match result.
10. 虽然他受伤了,但他没有放弃,最终冲过了终点线。
Though he was hurt, he didn’t ________ ________ and crossed the finish line finally.
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