Unit3词汇复习讲义-2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级上册

2025-12-29
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摘要:

该初中英语Unit 3词汇复习讲义通过分类表格系统构建知识体系,将核心短语按“学校物品类、物品归属类”等功能分类,词性转换按“物主代词变化、名词复数规律”等分层梳理,用表格呈现用法解析与变形规则,清晰展现重难点及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法迁移指导,基础题短语翻译夯实记忆,提升题适当形式填空训练灵活运用,拓展题语境补全培养综合语言能力。通过“同义短语替换”如“The book belongs to Tom=This book is Tom's”引导学生构建知识联系,提升思维品质,同时支持不同层次学生自主复习,助力教师实施精准教学。

内容正文:

Unit 3 词汇复习讲义 班级:________ 小组:________ 姓名:________ 得分:________ 第一部分 核心短语精讲精练 一、知识点梳理(按功能分类,直击用法) 类别 核心短语 用法解析与注意事项 学校物品类 pencil box / schoolbag / notebook / dictionary a set of keys / an eraser / a ruler 1. 可数名词单复数:pencil box→pencil boxes,schoolbag→schoolbags,dictionary→dictionaries(以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加es);2. “a set of + 复数名词” 表示“一套/一副……”,作主语时谓语动词用单数(如A set of keys is on the desk.);3. 元音音素开头的物品前用an(an eraser, an English book),辅音音素开头用a(a ruler, a pencil) 物品归属类 belong to sb / be sb's / mine / yours / his / hers ask sb for sth 1. 名词性物主代词(mine, yours等)可单独使用,后不接名词(如This pen is mine. 不用This pen is my.);2. “belong to sb” 后接人称代词宾格(如The book belongs to him. 不是he);3. “ask sb for sth” 表示“向某人要某物”(如Ask your teacher for help.) 学习行为类 take notes / use a dictionary / listen to the teacher read English books / do homework 1. 固定搭配:take notes“记笔记”,do homework“做作业”,均为不可数名词,无复数(不用do homeworks);2. “use sth to do sth” 表示“用某物做某事”(如Use a dictionary to look up new words.);3. listen to为及物短语,后接宾语(如listen to music,不能单独说listen) 位置询问与描述类 where is / where are on the desk / in the schoolbag under the chair / next to the bookcase 1. where引导的特殊疑问句,be动词单复数由主语决定(Where is the pen? Where are the books?);2. 方位介词辨析:on“在……表面”,in“在……内部”,under“在……下方”,next to“在……旁边”;3. 回答时需包含方位介词短语(如Where is my ruler? It's under the desk.) 其他常用类 lose sth / find sth / call sb at + 电话号码 thank you for doing sth 1. lose→lost(过去式/过去分词),find→found(过去式/过去分词)(如I lost my notebook yesterday.);2. “call sb at + 号码” 表示“拨打……号码联系某人”(如Call me at 13800138000.);3. “thank you for doing sth” 中for后接动名词(如Thank you for helping me find my pen.) 二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展) (一)基础题:短语翻译(中英互译,夯实记忆) 1. 一套钥匙 ________________ 2. 属于我 ________________ 3. 向老师求助 ________________ 4. 在书桌下面 ________________ 5. 使用字典 ________________ 6. 丢失我的笔记本 ________________ 7. call Tom at 678-9012 ________________ 8. do my English homework ________________ 9. a blue schoolbag ________________ 10. the pen on the desk ________________ (二)提升题:短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空,每词限用一次) belong to, ask...for, next to, lose, find, call...at, take notes, use a dictionary, thank you for, be mine 1. — Is this pencil box yours? — No, it ________. It's Lily's. 2. The big tree ________ the classroom is very old. Many birds live in it. 3. If you don't know the word, you can ________ to look it up. 4. This book ________ my brother. His name is on the cover. 5. I ________ my new watch yesterday. I'm very sad now. 6. He ________ his lost schoolbag in the library this morning. He was so happy. 7. Please ________ me ________ 890-7654 if you need my help. 8. We should ________ in English class to remember important points. 9. You can ________ your classmates ________ help when you have problems. 10. ________ helping me carry my schoolbag. You're so kind. (三)拓展题:语境运用(根据句意补全短语,灵活运用) 1. — ________(我的字典在哪里)? — It's ________(在书包里). 2. The red pen ________(不属于我). It's ________(她的). 3. When you learn English, you should ________(记笔记)and ________(听老师讲课)carefully. 4. My mother ________(丢失了她的钱包)last week. We ________(还没找到它). 5. — How can I contact you? — You can ________(拨打我的电话)135-6789-0123. 三、举一反三拓展 【短语搭配拓展】“look” 相关短语与学习生活密切相关,补充常用搭配:look up(查阅,后接单词/短语)、look for(寻找,强调过程)、look after(照顾)、look at(看)请用以上任意两个短语造句:① ________________ ② ________________ 【同义短语替换】 1.belong to sb = be sb's 属于某人 → 例:This book belongs to Tom. = This book is Tom's. 2.ask sb for help = turn to sb for help 向某人求助 → 例:He asks his teacher for help. = He turns to his teacher for help. 请将下列句子中的短语替换为同义短语:① The new schoolbag belongs to my sister. → ________________② She often asks her parents for help with her study. → ________________ 第二部分 词性转换精讲精练 一、知识点梳理(按规律分类,突破变形难点) (一)核心变形规律总结 变形 类型 例词(Unit 3 重点) 规律总结 物主代词变化 my→mine; your→yours; his→his; her→hers; our→ours; their→theirs 1. 形容词性物主代词(my, your等)后必须接名词;2. 名词性物主代词(mine, yours等)后不接名词,可单独作主语、宾语或表语(如This is my pen. = This pen is mine.);3. his和its的形容词性与名词性物主代词形式相同 名词→复数 pencil→pencils; box→boxes; dictionary→dictionaries; watch→watches; knife→knives 1. 一般名词加s(pencil→pencils);2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的加es(box→boxes, watch→watches);3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i加es(dictionary→dictionaries);4. 以f/fe结尾变f/fe为v加es(knife→knives) 动词→过去式 lose→lost; find→found; call→called; help→helped; look→looked 1. 规则动词过去式:一般加ed(call→called, help→helped);以不发音的e结尾加d(live→lived,Unit 3拓展);重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母加ed(stop→stopped,Unit 3拓展);2. 不规则动词过去式:lose→lost, find→found(需特殊记忆) 基数词→序数词 one→first; two→second; three→third; five→fifth; eight→eighth 1. 1-3序数词特殊变化:one→first, two→second, three→third;2. 4-19一般加th,特殊:five→fifth(去ve加fth), eight→eighth(去t加h), nine→ninth(去e加th);3. 序数词前常加the(如the first day, the second class) (二)高频易错点提醒 1. 物主代词混淆:“This is her pen.”(her是形容词性物主代词,接名词)vs “This pen is hers.”(hers是名词性物主代词,不接名词); 2. “a set of + 复数名词” 的主谓一致:作主语时谓语动词由set决定,用单数(A set of keys is here. 不是are); 3. 不规则动词过去式:lose和find的过去式是lost和found,不能加ed(不用losed, finded); 4. 序数词用法:表示“第几”必须用序数词,且前加the(如“第二天”是the second day,不是two day)。 二、分层练习(基础→提升→拓展) (一)基础题:词形变化填空(直接变形,巩固规律) 1. This is not ________(I)pencil. ________(I)is in the pencil box. 2. There are three ________(dictionary)on the desk. They are my brother's. 3. He ________(lose)his schoolbag yesterday. We helped him ________(find)it. 4. — Is this pen ________(you)? — No, it's ________(she). ________(she)pen is red. 5. There are two ________(box)of apples on the table. Each ________(box)is big. 6. Today is the ________(one)day of school. I'm very excited. 7. My mother ________(call)me last night. She told me a good news. 8. These ________(knife)are new. They are for cutting paper. (二)提升题:语境选择(选择适当形式填空,灵活运用) 1. — Whose notebooks are these? — They are ________(our / ours). We left them here. 2. A set of keys ________(is / are)on the desk. Please take it away. 3. He ________(find / found)a wallet in the park yesterday. He gave it to the police. 4. This is the ________(three / third)time I see this movie. It's very interesting. 5. — Is this ________(her / hers)eraser? — Yes, it's ________(her / hers). She lost it this morning. 6. There are many ________(pencil box / pencil boxes)in the shop. I want to buy one. 7. She often ________(call / calls)her grandparents on weekends. She loves them very much. 8. — Where ________(is / are)the dictionary? — It ________(is / are)on the shelf. (三)拓展题:句型转换(根据要求改写句子,综合运用) 1. This book belongs to Tom.(改为同义句)→ This book ________ ________. 2. The pencil is in the pencil box.(对划线部分提问)→ ________ ________ the pencil? 3. These are my notebooks.(改为名词性物主代词句)→ These notebooks ________ ________. 4. He lost his schoolbag yesterday.(改为否定句)→ He ________ ________ his schoolbag yesterday. 5. This is a knife.(改为复数句)→ These ________ ________. 三、举一反三拓展 【规律迁移】根据Unit 3名词变复数的规律,完成下列未学单词的变形: city(n. 城市)→ ________(复数); leaf(n. 叶子)→ ________(复数); baby(n. 婴儿)→ ________(复数) 请用以上复数单词造句:① There are many big ________ in China. ② The ________ on the tree are yellow in autumn. 【短语搭配拓展】用词性转换后的单词搭配短语: 名词性物主代词 + 名词(无)→ 单独使用:mine(我的)→ yours(你的)→ This pen is ________. That ruler is ________. 序数词 + 名词:the first class(第一节课)→ the second floor(二楼)→ the ________ ________(第五天) 【答案】 第一部分 核心短语 (一)基础题 1.a set of keys 2. belong to me 3. ask the teacher for help 4. under the desk 5. use a dictionary 6. lose my notebook 7. 拨打678-9012联系汤姆 8. 做我的英语作业 9. 一个蓝色的书包 10. 书桌上的钢笔 (二)提升题 1. isn't mine(解析:否定回答“不是我的”,用名词性物主代词mine,be动词用is的否定形式isn't) 2. next to(解析:结合语境“教室旁边的大树”,用方位短语next to) 3. use a dictionary(解析:“不认识单词时用字典查阅”,can后接动词原形) 4. belongs to(解析:主语this book是单数,belong用第三人称单数形式belongs,后接my brother) 5. lost(解析:yesterday提示过去式,lose的过去式是lost) 6. found(解析:this morning提示过去式,find的过去式是found) 7. call; at(解析:“拨打号码联系某人”用call sb at + 号码,please后接动词原形) 8. take notes(解析:“在英语课上记笔记”,should后接动词原形) 9. ask; for(解析:“向同学求助”用ask sb for help,can后接动词原形) 10. Thank you for(解析:“感谢帮忙”用thank you for,句首首字母大写) (三)拓展题 1.Where is my dictionary; in the schoolbag 2. doesn't belong to me; hers 3. take notes; listen to the teacher 4. lost her wallet; haven't found it yet 5. call me at(解析:“拨打我的电话”用call me at + 号码,can后接动词原形) 第二部分 词性转换 (一)基础题 1. my; Mine(解析:第一空修饰pencil用形容词性物主代词my;第二空单独作主语用名词性物主代词Mine,首字母大写) 2. dictionaries(解析:three后接复数,dictionary以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加es) 3. lost; find(解析:yesterday提示过去式,lose→lost;help sb do sth为固定搭配,find用原形) 4. yours; hers; Her(解析:第一空、第二空单独使用用名词性物主代词yours和hers;第三空修饰pen用形容词性物主代词Her,首字母大写) 5. boxes; box(解析:two后接复数boxes;each后接单数box) 6. first(解析:“第一天”用序数词first,前加the) 7. called(解析:last night提示过去式,call→called) 8. knives(解析:these后接复数,knife以fe结尾,变fe为v加es) (二)提升题 1. ours(解析:单独使用表示“我们的笔记本”,用名词性物主代词ours) 2. is(解析:主语a set of keys的核心词是set,为单数,be动词用is) 3. found(解析:yesterday提示过去式,find→found) 4. third(解析:“第三次”用序数词third,前加the) 5. her; hers(解析:第一空修饰eraser用形容词性物主代词her;第二空单独使用用名词性物主代词hers) 6. pencil boxes(解析:many后接复数,pencil box的复数是pencil boxes) 7. calls(解析:often提示一般现在时,主语she是单数,call→calls) 8. is; is(解析:主语the dictionary是单数,be动词用is) (三)拓展题 1. is Tom's(解析:belong to Tom的同义表达是be Tom's,主语this book是单数,be动词用is) 2. Where is(解析:对地点提问用where,主语the pencil是单数,be动词用is) 3. are mine(解析:my notebooks的名词性物主代词表达是mine,主语these notebooks是复数,be动词用are) 4. didn't lose(解析:过去式的否定句,加助动词didn't,lose用原形) 5. are knives(解析:this变these,is变are,knife变复数knives) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit3词汇复习讲义-2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级上册
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Unit3词汇复习讲义-2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级上册
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Unit3词汇复习讲义-2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级上册
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