Unit 4 Words二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第三册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit4 Words 一、 重点单词详解 1:murder 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.谋杀；凶杀；n.谋杀；凶杀案 二、必记搭配与例句 murder sb.(谋杀某人)：He was charged with murdering his wife, be murdered(被谋杀)：The victim was murdered last night. commit murder(犯谋杀罪)：He was found guilty of committing murder.. attempted murder(谋杀未遂)：The suspect was charged with attempted murder. 三、重点辨析 murder vs.kil:nurder强调有预谋的非法杀害”，kil泛指”杀死”（可能是意外或故 意)。 例：He was charged with murdering his wife.(他被指控谋杀妻子。) She killed a bird by accident..(她意外杀死了一只鸟。) 2:innocent 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad.) 核心义：adj.无辜的；清白的；天真的 二、必记搭配与例句 be innocent of sth.(无罪的；无辜的)：He was innocent of the crime innocent victim(无辜受害者)：The innocent victims deserve justice. innocent mistake(无心之过)：It was just an innocent mistake 重点辨析 innocent vs..naive:innocent强调”无恶意、未受污染”，naive侧重”缺乏经验、轻信”。 例：an innocent child(天真的孩子)；a naive belief(天真的想法) 3:subjective “、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.主观的（非客观的） 、 必记搭配与例句 subjective opinion(主观意见)：Her opinion was too subjective subjective judgment(主观判断)：We need to avoid subjective judgment,. Art appreciation is often subjective.(艺术欣赏往往是主观的。) 二、 重点辨析 subjective vs.objective:前者强调”个人感受或观点，后者指”基于事实，不受个人影 响”。 例：Her analysis was too subjective.(她的分析太主观了。) We need objective data to support the theory.（我们需要客观数据支持这个理论。) 4:artificial 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词（adj) 核心义：adj.人工的；人造的；虚假的 一、 必记搭配与例句 artificial intelligence(人工智能，简称AI):AI is changing our lives. artificial flowers(假花)：The artificial flowers look very real. artificial light（人造光)：We use artificial light at night This product contains no artificial colors.(该产品不含人工色素。) 三、拓展 易混词：artistic/a:tstk/(adj.艺术的；有艺术天赋的) 5:mysterious “、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.神秘的；奇怪的；难以理解的 二、必记搭配与例句 mysterious disappearance(神秘失踪)：The mysterious disappearance puzzled everyone,. mysterious smile（神秘的微笑)：She gave me a mysterious smile. There was a mysterious noise in the room.(房间里传来奇怪的声音。) 三、重点辨析 mysterious vs.mystical::前者侧重”未知或难以解释，后者指？与神秘主义或超自然相 关。 例：a mysterious stranger(神秘的陌生人)；mystical experiences（神秘体验) 6:spectacular 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.壮观的；令人惊叹的；n.精彩的表演（或景象） 二、必记搭配与例句 spectacular scenery(壮丽的风景)：The spectacular scenery amazed us spectacular success（巨大的成功)：The project was a spectacular success a Christmas spectacular(圣诞精彩演出)：We watched a Christmas spectacular.. The sunset was a spectacular sight..（日落是一幅壮观的景象。) 三、重点辨析 spectacular vs.splendid:前者强调”视觉上的震撼”，后者侧重”宏伟、华丽” 例：a spectacular firework display(壮观的烟花表演)；a splendid palace(宏伟的宫殿) 7:inspection 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.检查；查看；审视 二、必记搭配与例句 carry out an inspection(进行检查)：We need to carry out an inspection. on inspection(经检查后)：On inspection,we found the problem 1 outine inspection（例行检查)：This is a1 outine inspection. The goods are ready for inspection.(货物已准备好接受检查。) 三、重点辨析 inspection vs.examination: 前者侧重”官方或正式的检查”，后者可指”考试或详细检 查”。 例：safety inspection(安全检查)：medical examination(体检) 8:civilian 、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、形容词（adj.) 核心义：n.平民：老百姓；a.平民的；民用的 、必记搭配与例句 protect civilians（保护平民)：We must protect civilians.. civilians and soldiers(平民与士兵)：Civilians and soldiers worked together. civilian clothes(便服)：He wore civilian clothes. civilian life(平民生活)：He returned to civilian life During the war,.many civilians were forced to flee.(战争期间，许多平民被迫逃离。) 三、拓展 易混词：civilize /'sIvalarz/(vt.使文明；教化) 9:rent “、 核心考点 词性：动词(v)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.租借；出租；n.租金 、 必记搭配与例句 1 ent sth..from sb.（向某人租某物)：I rent an apartment from Mr..Smith. rent sth.tosb.(把某物租给某人)：He rents his house to students pay the rent(付租金)：I need to pay the rent.. monthly rent（月租金)：The monthly rent is$500 三、重点辨析 rent vs..hire vs.lease:tent侧重”长期租借（房屋、土地）”，hire指”短期租借（工具、 车辆)，1ease为”正式租赁（合同）”。 例：rent a house(租房子)；hire a car(租车)；lease equipment(租赁设备) 10:knit 、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.编织 二、必记搭配与例句 knit a sweater(编织毛衣)：She is knitting a sweater. knitting needle(编织针)：She uses knitting needles hand-knitted(手工编织的)：This is a hand-knitted scarf,. 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The police found evidence that he had planned tohis business partner for money. A)kill B)murder C)execute D)slay 2.The jury believed he was_of the theft after hearing his alibi A)innocent B)naive C)guilty D)subjective 3.Her review of the movie was too_;she only focused on her personal preferences. A)objective B)artificial C)subjective D)mysterious 4.With the development of intelligence,many daily tasks are now automated. A)natural B)artificial C)artistic D)civilian 5.The_old house on the hill has been empty for years,and locals say strange things happen there. A)spectacular B)mysterious C)innocent D)subjective 6.The sunset over the ocean was a_sight that left everyone speechless. A)splendid B)subjective C)spectacular D)mysterious 7.All food products must undergo strictbefore being sold to the public. A)examination B)inspection C)investigation D)observation 8.During the conflict,efforts were made to protect_from the crossfire. A)soldiers B)militaries C)civilians D)inspectors 9.They decided toa car for their road trip instead of using public transport. A)rent B)hire C)lease D)borrow 10.The company will_the new equipment next month to ensure it meets safety standards. A)inspect B)suspect C)respect D)expect (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The_(murder)was arrested and charged with first-degree murder. 2.She looked at him with(innocent),hoping he would believe her. 3.The judge emphasized the need for(object)when making decisions. 4.The flowers in the vase are(artifice);they never wilt 5.The(mystery)of the missing necklace remains unsolved. 6.The team's(spectacle)victory was celebrated by fans across the country. 7.The manager ordered a thorough(inspect)of the factory after the accident. 8.After retiring from the army,he struggled to adapt to(civilian)life 9.The_(rent)for the apartment includes water and electricity fees. 10.She spent the weekend_(knit)a scarf for her mother's birthday. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The witness claimed to have seen the man cmurder outside the bank. 2.The child's i eyes made it hard to believe she could lie. 3.Your opinion is too s;you need to consider other people's perspectives. 4.The supermarket sells a fruits that look real but are actually made of plastic. 5.The detective was determined to solve the m_disappearance of the actress. 6.The New Year's Eve fireworks display was s,attracting over 10,000 spectators. 7.The customs officer carried out a routine i of the luggage 8.During the war,many c_were forced to leave their homes and seek shelter elsewhere. 9.They can't afford to buy a house,so they d to rent an apartment downtown 10.The company's new policy requires all employees to wear uduring working hours,not civilian clothes (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：B A C BB C B C B A 解析1（第1题）： 考查murder的用法。murder强调”有预谋的非法杀害”，符合句意警方发现他计划为 钱谋杀商业伙伴”；kil泛指”杀死”，execute指”处决”，lay指”杀害”，均不符合语境， 故选B。 解析2（第2题）： 考查innocent的用法。be innocent of sth.表示”无罪的”，符合句意”陪审团听到他的不 在场证明后相信他是无辜的；naive指”天真的”，guilty指”有罪的”，subjective指”主 观的，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第3题）： 考查subjective的用法。subjective表示”主观的”，符合句意”她的电影评论太主观了； 她只关注个人偏好”；objective指”客观的”，artificial指”人工的”，mysterious指”神秘 的”，均不符合语境，故选C。 2.补全句子答案： 1.murderer 2.innocence 3.objectivity 4.artificial 5.mystery 6.spectacular 7.inspection 8. civilian 9.rent 10.knitting 3.首字母填空答案： 1.commit 2.innocent 3.subjective 4.artificial 5.mysterious 6.spectacular 7.inspection 8. civilians 9.decide 10.uniforms 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第三册·Unit4 Words二