Unit 2 Making a difference二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit2 Making adifference二 一、重点单词详解 1:responsibility 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.责任；义务；职责 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：response(n.回应) 动词：respond/'sppnd/(vi.回应；负责) 形容词：responsible/'sponsabl/(adj.负责的；有责任的) 名词：responsibility(由responsible+-ility构成) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词(respond) respond to sb../sth.(回应/负责某人/某事) espond with(以…回应) respond by doing sth.(通过做某事回应) 形容词(responsible) be responsible for(对…负责) be responsible to sb.(对某人负责) a1 esponsible person/job(负责任的人/工作) 名词(responsibility） take/shoulder/bear responsibility for(承担…的责任) sense of responsibility(责任感) have a responsibility to do sth.(有责任做某事) 四、拓展用法 可数/不可数差异：泛指”责任”不可数；特指”具体职责可数（如many responsibilities) 固定句型：It is one's responsibility to do sth.（做某事是某人的责任) 固定句型：hold sb.responsible for sth.(认为某人对某事负责) 五、作文高级句型 Everyone must be responsible for their actions,for a strong sense of responsibility is key to a harmonious society. 2:advocate 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v,) 核心义：n.支持者；拥护者；v.拥护；支持：提倡 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：voc(声音；呼喊)，同根词：vocate(v.主张) 名词：advocate（支持者) 动词：advocate(提倡) 形容词：advocative/aedvakatrv/(adj.拥护的；倡导的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(advocate) advocate doing sth.(提倡做某事，注意：不可接todo) advocate for sth./sb.(为某事/某人辩护) 名词(advocate) an advocate of sth.(某事的支持者) a passionate advocate for environmental protection(环保的热情支持者) 四、辨析 advocate vs.support:advocate强调”公开、积极倡导”，support侧重”给予帮助或赞同”。 五、作文高级句型 Many experts advocate reducing plastic use to protect marine ecosystems,as this measure can directly address ocean pollution. 3:precise 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：ad.准确的；精确的：严谨的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：cise(切割)，同根词：excise(v.切除)，incise(v.雕刻) 动词：precise无动词形式，近义词：specify(v.明确) 名词：precision /pr's3n/(n.精确；精度) 副词：precisely/prI'sarsli/(adv.精确地；正好) 三、用法与常见搭配 be precise about sth.（对某事精确) a precise measurement(精确的测量) to be more precise(更准确地说，插入语) with precision（精确地) 四、辨析 precise vs..accurate:precise强调”细节精确，误差小”，accurate侧重”与事实一致”。 例：a precise calculation(精确计算)；an accurate report(准确报告) 五、作文高级句型 In scientific research,precise data analysis is essential to ensure the reliability of experimental results. 4:varied 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.各种各样的；多变的；不同的 构词法（词性转换） 动词：vay'vei/(v.变化；改变) 名词：variety/va'rareti/(n.多样性；种类) 形容词：various/veerias/(adj.各种的；不同的) 形容词：varied(由vay的过去分词转化而来) 三、用法与常见搭配 a varied diet(多样化的饮食) varied interests(广泛的兴趣) be varied in sth.(在某方面多样化) 四、辨析 varied vs.various:varied强调”由不同部分组成或经历变化，various侧重”种类多”。 例：varied opinions(不同的观点，强调差异)；various books(各种各样的书，强调种 类) 五、作文高级句型 A varied curriculum not only broadens students'horizons but also cultivates their diverse abilities. 5:recycle “、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.回收利用；再利用 二mg构词法（词性转换） 前缀：re-(再；重新)+cycle(循环) 名词：recycling/i:'sark四/(n.回收利用) 形容词：recyclable/i:'sarklebl/(adj.可▣收的) 三、用法与常见搭配 1 ecycle sth.into sth.(将某物再制成某物) recycle paper/plastic/waste(回收纸张/塑料/废物) encourage recycling(鼓励▣收) recyclable materials(可回收材料) 四、拓展用法 反义词：dispose(v.丢弃)，non-recyclable(adj.不可回收的) 五、作文高级句型 To promote sustainability,we should not only recycle daily waste but also reduce overcon- sumption from the source. 6:native 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.本地的；天生的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：nativity /ne'trvati/(n.出生；诞生) 副词：natively/'nertrvli/(adv.生来地；本地地) 形容词：native(天生的；本地的) 三、用法与常见搭配 adj.(本地的) native language（母语) native to..(原产于…) a native New Yorker(纽约本地人，名词用法，此处仅作补充) 四、辨析 native vs.local:native强调”与生俱来的；原产的”，local侧重”当地的（非外来）”。 例：Koalas are native to australia.(考拉原产于澳大利亚)：local customs(当地风俗) 五、作文高级句型 As a native speaker of Chinese,she finds it easier to understand the cultural nuances in an- cient poetry. 7:visual 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.视觉的；视力的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：vis(看)，同根词：vision（n.视力)，visible(adj.可见的) 名词：visual /'v3ual/(n.视觉资料，如图片、视频) 副词：visually'vI3uali/(adv.视觉上地) 三、用法与常见搭配 visual effects(视觉效果) visual aids(视觉教具) a visual artist(视觉艺术家) visually impaired(视力受损的) 四、辨析 visual vs.optical:visual侧重”与视觉相关的”，optical强调”光学的；眼睛的”。 例：visual perception(视觉感知)；optical illusion(optical illusion(视觉错觉) 五、作文高级句型 The documentary uses stunning visual images to illustrate the beauty of endangered wildlife. appealing to viewers'empathy. 8:antique 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.古老的；过时的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：antiquity/en'trkwati/.(n.古代；古迹) 形容词：antique(古老的) 副词：antiquely/en'ti:ki/(adv.古老地；过时地) 三、用法与常见搭配 adj.(古老的) an antique vase(古董花瓶) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.Students should learn to take for their own choices. A)responsible B)responsibility C)respond D)response 2.Many environmentalists reducing carbon emissions to fight climate change. A)advocate B)advocate to C)support to D)suggest to 3.The experiment requires measurements to ensure accurate results. A)precisely B)precision C)precise D)specify 4.A diet with fruits and vegetables is beneficial to health. A)various B)vary C)variety D)varied 5.We shouldplastic bottles instead of throwing them away. A)recycle B)recycling C)recyclable D)disposal 6.Pandas are_to China and can't be found in the wild elsewhere. A)local B)native C)natively D)nativity 7.The museum uses_aids like videos and pictures to explain ancient history. A)vision B)visible C)visual D)optical 8.My grandmother owns an_clock that was made in the 19th century. A)antique B)antiquity C)local D)native 9.It is our to protect the environment for future generations. A)responsible B)respond C)responsibility D)response 10.The teacher asked us to beabout the time and arive exactly at 8:00 AM. A)precise B)precisely C)accuracy D)specify (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.As a team leader,she must take_(responsible)for the project's success. 2.The organization(advocate)for equal rights for all citizens. 3.The engineer adjusted the machine to improve its-(precise). 4.The festival features(vary)activities,including dancing and singing. 5.(recycle)paper helps save trees and reduce waste 6.The tribe has preserved its_(tradition)customs for centuries. 7.(visual)impaired students may need special equipment to study. 8.This _(antique)chair has been in my family for over 100 years. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Everyone should have a sense ofrto society 2.Doctors advocate eregularly to maintain good health 3.The scientist's report was praised for its pdata and clear analysis 4.The school offers a v_of courses to meet students'interests. 5.We can rold newspapers into new paper products 6.The panda is a n animal of China and loved by many. 7.The artist uses bright colors to create strong veffects in his paintings. 8.My aunt collects acoins from the Ming Dynasty 9.Parents hold the primary r for their children's education. 10.The government plans to astricter laws to protect wildlife. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BACDABCACA 2.t补全句子答案：responsibility advocates precision varied Recycling traditional Visually antique 3.首字母填空答案：responsibility exercising precise variety recycle native visual antique responsibility advocate 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit2 Making a difference二