Unit 2 Live longer， live better一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·nit2 Livelong er,livebetter?- 一、重点单词详解 1:corporation 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.(大)公司 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：Corpor(=body,体) 形容词：corporate/ko:paret/(adj.公司的：法人的) 动词：incorporate/m'ko:p3ret/(v.包含；合并；注册成立公司) 名词：corporation(corpor+-ation名词后缀，表示”机构”) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(incorporate) incorporate.into..(将…纳入…) be incorporated as(注册为…公司) 形容词（corporate) corporate identity(企y业形象) corporate culture(企y业文化) 名词（corporation) multinational corporation(跨国公司) public corporation(上市公司) 四、拓展用法 辨析：corporation vs.company corporation多指大型公司或法人团体，强调法律实体性；company泛指各类公司，规模 可大可小。 例：The corporation announced a new policy.(这家大公司宣布了新政策。) 2:entrepreneur 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.创业者；企业家 、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：entre-(=between,在…之间)+prene(-take,拿) 形容词：entrepreneurial./,ontropre'n3:ial/(adj.创业的；企业家的) 名词：entrepreneurship/,pntrepre'n3p/(n.创业精神；企业家精神) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词（entrepreneurial) entrepreneurial spirit（创业精神) entrepreneurial skills(创业技能) 名词(entrepreneur) successful entrepreneur(成功的企业家) social entrepreneur(社会企业家) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：young entrepreneur(青年创业者) 例：She is an entrepreneur who founded thr'ee startups.（她是一位创办了三家初创公司的 企业家。) 3:immortality 、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.永生；不朽：不灭 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：mot（=death,死亡) 形容词：mortal/mo:tl/(adj.终有一死的；致命的) 形容词：immortal'motl/(adj.不朽的：永生的) 副词：immortally'mo:tali/(adv.不朽地；永恒地) 名词：immortality(im-否定前缀+mortal+-ity名词后缀) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(immortal) immortal fame(不朽的名声) immortal works(不朽的作品) 名词(immortality) seek immortality(追求永生) achieve immortality(实现不朽) 四、拓展用法 反义关系：immortality→mortality(n.死亡率；必死性) 例：Legends often promise immortality to heroes.(传说常许诺英雄永生。) 4:transplant 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：V.移植（器官、皮肤等）；n.移植手术；移植的器官 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：ans-(=acroSs,跨越)+plant(-plant,.种植) 名词：transplantation/,traenspla:n'teIn/(n.移植；移民) 形容词：transplanted /traens'pla:ntd/（adj.移植的；移居的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(transplant) transplant.into..(将…移植到…) t女ansplant organs（移植器官) 名词（transplant) heart transplant(心脏移植) undergo a transplant（接受移植手术) 四、拓展用法 词义辨析：ransplant vs.女ansfer transplant侧重”移植（器官、植物)；transfer侧重”转移（物体、人员、权利）”。 例：The doctor transplanted a kidney into the patient..(医生给病人移植了肾脏。) 5:condemn 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.宣判；判处；迫使…接受（困境） 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：demn(-ham,伤害) 名词：condemnation/,kondem'nerm/(n.谴责；定罪) 形容词：condemned /kan'demd/(adj.被定罪的：被谴责的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(condemn) condemn sb.to death(判处某人死刑) condemn sb.to do sth.(迫使某人做某事) condemn.as..(谴责…为…) 例：The judge condemned the criminal to life imprisonment.(法官判处该罪犯终身监禁。) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：self-condemnation（自我谴责) 辨析：condemn vs.criticize condemn语气强烈，指正式谴责或法律定罪；criticize侧重指出缺点，语气较温和。 6:sustain 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V,维持（生命、生存）：支撑；经受 构词法（词性转换） 词根：smst(hold up,支撑) 形容词：sustainable/sa'sternabl/(adj.可持续的；能维持的) 名词：sustainability/sa,stern3 brleti/(n.可持续性) 名词：sustenance/'sAstenens/(n.食物；营养；生计) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词（sustain) sustain life(维持生命) sustain injuries(受伤) sustain economic growth(维持经济增长) 形容词(sustainable) sustainable development（可持续发展) sustainable energy(可持续能源) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：be sustained by（由…支撑) 例：The patient is sustained by a respirator.(病人靠呼吸机维持生命。) 7:propose 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.提议；建议；求婚 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：pos(put,放置) 名词：proposal /pra3pUzl/(n.提议；求婚) 形容词：proposed /pra'pauzd/(adj.提议的：建议的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(propose) propose doing sth.（提议做某事) propose to sb.(向某人求婚) propose that..（建议…，从句用虚拟语气：should+动词原形) 例：He proposed that we(hould)start early.(他建议我们早点出发。) 四、拓展用法 辨析：propose vs.suggest propose语气正式，可接不定式或虚拟语气从句；suggest后接动名词或hat从句（用陈 述语气)。 例：She suggested going for a walk.(她建议去散步。) 8:dynamic 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.发展变化的；充满活力且个性鲜明的 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The multinational_announced plans to expand its operations in Asia next year. A)corporation B)company C)firm D)enterprise 2.Her spirit led her to start her own business at the age of 25 A)entrepreneur B)entrepreneurial C)entrepreneurship D)entrepreneuring 3.Many ancient myths focus on heroes seeking_through great deeds A)mortal B)immortality C)immortal D)mortality 4.The doctor decided to a new kidney into the patient to save his life. A)transplant B)transfer C)transport D)t女ransmit 5.The judge the thief to five years in prison for his crimes. A)criticized B)condemned C)proposed D)sustained 6.This new policy aims to_economic growth while protecting the environment. A)sustain B)support C)maintain D)keep 7.The government has_building a new airport to improve transportation. A)proposed B)suggested C)advised D)recommended 8.The_development plan has received widespread support from local communities. A)sustain B)sustainable C)sustainability D)sustenance 9.He to his girlfriend during a romantic dinner last weekend. A)proposed B)suggested C)offered D)recommended 10.The company was_as a limited liability partnership in 2010. A)incorporated B)operated C)managed D)organized (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.The success of the project depends on the team's_(corporation)efforts. 2.She showed great(entrepreneur)skills in managing the startup 3.The artist believed his paintings would achieve(immortal)through time. 4.The(transplant)of the liver was performed by a team of specialists 5.The report includes a_(propose)for reducing carbon emissions. 6.We need to find(sustain)solutions to the energy crisis 7.His_(condemn)of the government's policy sparked public debate. 8.The organization provides(sustain)to families in need. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The cculture of the company emphasizes innovation and teamwork 2.Many young eare attracted to tech startups for their creative environment. 3.The ancient Greeks believed in the iof their gods. 4.The patient underwent a heart t last month and is now recovering. 5.The court's c_of the corrupt official sent a strong message against graft 6.Renewable energy is essential for sdevelopment in the long term 7.He pa new approach to solving the problem during the meeting. 8.The charity provides sto homeless people in the winter 9.The novel's themes of love and loss have given it i status in literature. 10.Multinational c_often face challenges in cross-cultural communication. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：ABBABAAB AA 2.补全句子答案： 1.corporate 2.entrepreneurial 3.immortality 4.transplantation 5.proposal 6.sustainable 7. condemnation 8.sustenance 3.首字母填空答案： 1.corporate 2.entrepreneurs 3.immortality 4.transplant 5.condemnation 6.sustainable 7. proposed 8.sustenance 9.immortal 10.corporations 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit2 Live longer,.live better?一