Unit 2 Making a difference一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit2 Making adifference- 一、重点单词详解 1:victim 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.受害者；牺牲品 二、构词法（词汇变形） 形容词：victimized/'ktrmarzd/（adj.受害的；成为牺牲品的) 动词：victimize/vIktmarz/（vt.使受害；欺骗) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：become a victim of(成为…的受害者)；fall victim to（遭受；沦为…的 牺牲品) 介词搭配：victim of accident/disease(事故/疾病的受害者) 「四、重点辨析 victim vs casualty:victim泛指受害者，包括犯罪、灾难、疾病等；casualty侧重灾难、事 故中的伤亡人员。 例：In natural disasters,the elderly and children are often the most vulnerable victims.(在自 然灾害中，老人和儿童往往是最脆弱的受害者。) 2:overflow 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.漫出；溢出；挤满；n.溢出物；泛滥 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀：over-(超过；过度)十ow(v.流动)→超过流动范围→溢出 名词：overflow(由动词转化而来) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：overflow with sth.(充满某物)；overflow into（蔓延到…) 名词搭配：an overflow of water(洪水)；overflow parking(备用停车场) 四、拓展用法 比喻义：Her heart overflowed with joy.(她心中洋溢着喜悦。) 例：The river overflowed its banks after the heavy rain.(大雨后河水漫过了堤岸。) 3:predict 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v预言；预告；预测 二、构词法（词汇变形） 前缀：pre-(预先)+dict(说，来自拉丁语dicere)→预先说→预言 名词：prediction/prI'dk/(预测；预言) 形容词：predictable /pr'dktb/(可预测的)；predictive/pr'drktrv/（预测性的) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：predict sth.for sb./sth.(预测某人/某事的…)；predict that从句 名词搭配：make a prediction(做出预测)；weather prediction(天气预报) 四、重点辨析 predict vs forecast:predict侧重根据已知事实或规律推断；forecast多用于天气、经济等 领域的正式预测。 例：It is impossible to predict the exact outcome of the election.(无法预测选举的确切结 果。) 4：distant 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.遥远的；疏远的；远亲的 构词法（词性转换） 名词：distance/'distens//(距离；疏远) 动词：distance/drstens/（vt.疏远；与…保持距离) 副词：distantly/drstantli/(遥远地；冷淡地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 介词搭配：distant from（离…远)：in the distant past/ftre(在遥远的过去/未来) 名词搭配：distant relative(远亲)；distant memory(遥远的记忆) 四、拓展用法 比喻义：a distant smile(冷淡的微笑)：distant relationship(疏远的关系) 词汇辨析：distant vs far:distant可指时间、关系上的”远”，far多用于空间距离，且可 作副词。 5:shelter 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.居所：避难所：庇护；v.庇护；躲避 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：shelter(由名词转化而来) 形容词：sheltered/'∫eltad/(受庇护的；有遮蔽的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：shelter from(躲避…)；shelter sb.from st山h.(保护某人免受…) 名词搭配：take shelter（躲避；避难)；emergency shelter(应急避难所) 例：The villagers sheltered in the cave during the storm.（暴风雨期间村民们躲在山洞里。) 四、近义词辨析 shelter vs refuge::helter侧重暂时的保护或遮蔽；refuge指更正式的避难场所或庇护行 为。 6:nominate 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.提名；推荐；任命 二、 构词法（词汇变形） 名词：nomination/,nomr'nern/(提名；任命) 被动态：be nominated for（被提名…奖项/职位) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：nominate sb.as(提名某人为…)；nominate sb.for(提名某人获得…) 名词搭配：presidential nomination(总统候选人提名)：nomination form(提名表) 例：She was nominated for an Oscar for her performance in the film.(她因在该电影中的表 演获得奥斯卡提名。) 四、固定句型 The committee nominated him to represent our school.(委员会推选他代表我们学校。) 7:frustration 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.懊恼：沮丧：受挫；令人沮丧的事 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：frustrate/fr'strert/.(v.使沮丧；阻碍) 形容词：frustrated/fA'strertd/(感到沮丧的)；frustrating/fA'strertu/)(令人沮丧的) 名词：frustration(由动词fiustrate+-ion名词后缀构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 介词搭配：feelings of frustration(沮丧感)；to onei's frustration(令某人沮丧的是) 动词搭配：express frustration(表达沮丧)；overcome frustration（克服挫折〉 例：He vented his frustration by slamming the door..(他砰地关上门发泄沮丧情绪。) 四、词义辨析 frustration vs disappointment:frustration侧重因受阻而产生的懊恼；disappointment指希 望落空的失望。 8:preserve 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：V.保护；保存；维持：n.保护区；果酱 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀：pre-(预先)+seve(保持)→预先保持→保存 名词：preservation/,prez3ve/(保护；保存) 形容词：preserved /prI'z3:vd(防腐的：保存的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：preserve sth.fiom（保护某物免受…)；preserve peace（维护和平) 名词搭配：nature preserve（自然保护区)；fruit preserve(水果酱) 例：We must preserve our cultural heritage..（我们必须保护文化遗产。) 四、易混词 reserve(预订；保留)vs preserve(保护；保存)：reserve侧重为特定目的保留，preserve 强调防止损坏或变质。 9:threaten 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.威胁；恐吓；预示（危险) 二、构词法（词汇变形） 名词：threat/oret/(威胁；恐吓) 形容词：threatening/Pretnu)/(威胁性的；险恶的) 副词：threateningly/retnrgli/（威胁地) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词搭配：threaten to do sth.(威胁要做某事)；threaten sb.with sth.(用某物威胁某人) 比喻义：Dark clouds threatened rain.(乌云预示着要下雨。) 例：The company threatened to fire employees who violated the rules.(公司威胁要解雇违 反规定的员工。) 四、词义拓展 threaten还可表示”危及，如：Pollution threatens our health.(污染危及我们的健康。) 10:nevertheless 一、核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.尽管如此；然而；不过 二、构词法（词汇辨析） 同义短语：however(然而)：nonetheless(尽管如此)》 词源：never（从不)+the(定冠词)+less(更少)→从不更少→依然如此 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.After the earthquake,many people becameof the disaster and lost their homes. A)victims B)casualties C)refugees D)survivors 2.The hall was so crowded that people into the corridor A)overflowed B)flooded C)poured D)spread 3.Scientists_that the global temperature will rise by 2C in the next decade A)forecast B)predict C)announce D)declare 4.My grandparents'village is quite from the city,so we visit them only twice a year. A)far B)remote C)distant D)apart 5.During the storm,villagers sought in the local school. A)shelter B)refuge C)protection D)safety 6.The committee decided to_her as the chairperson of the organization. A)name B)nominate C)appoint D)elect 7.His repeated failures in the exam caused greatand he almost gave up. A)frustration B)disappointment C)depression D)sorrow 8.We must take action to_our traditional culture before it disappears. A)reserve B)preserve C)conserve D)maintain 9.The dark clouds and strong winds_a heavy rainstorm. A)warned B)indicated C)threatened D)suggested 10.She was very tired;,she continued working until midnight. A)therefore B)however C)nevertheless D)otherwise (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The(predict)of heavy snow next week. 2.It is(predict)that house prices will fall next year 3.The_(distant)between the two cities is about 500 kilometers 4.She(distance)herself from her former fiiends after the argument 5.The(nominate)for the Best Actor award will be announced tomorrow. 6.He felt(frustrate)when his project was rejected by the manager. 7.The(preserve)of ancient artifacts requires advanced technology 8.The government has taken measures to reduce the(threaten)to endangered species. 9.Her(predict)about the economic crisis turned out to be accurate 10.The_(frustrate)of not being able to help made him feel helpless (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Theof the accident was rushed to the hospital immediately. 2.The river its banks after three days of continuous rain. 3.It is impossible tothe exact time when the volcano will erupt 4.In the future,humans may live on other planets 5.The homeless soughtunder the bridge during the snowstorm 6.She was_for the Nobel Prize for her contributions to science. 7.To his_,he missed the last bus and had to walk home. 8.We should_old buildings as they are part of our history. 9.The company_to cut jobs if the situation didn't improve 10.He was tired;he finished the task on time. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AAB C A BA BCC 2.补全句子答案： 1.prediction 2.predicted 3.distance 4.distanced 5.nomination 6.frustrated 7.preservation 8.threat 9.prediction 10.frustration 3.首字母填空答案： 1.victim 2.overflowed 3.predict 4.distant 5.shelter 6.nominated 7.frustration 8.preserve 9.threatened 10.nevertheless 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit2 Making a difference一