内容正文:
期末词汇复习
选择性必修第二册·沪教版(上海教育出版社)·Unit2 Digitalh
um ans二
一、重点单词详解
1:prior
一、
核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.先前的;在前的;优先的
二、构词法(词性转换)
副词:pioy/prareli/(adv.在前;居先)
介词短语:prior to(在…之前;先于)
三、用法与常见搭配
作为形容词:be prior to sth.(比…优先;在…之前)
作为形容词:a prior engagement(先前的约定)
固定搭配:prior experience(先前经验)
固定搭配:prior notice(预先通知)
固定搭配:prior consideration(优先考虑)
四、重点辨析
prior VS previous:.二者均含”先前的”之意,但pior更强调时间或顺序上的”优先性”,
previous仅表示”时间上较早的”,如previous year(去年)。
2:comprise
一、核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.包括;由…组成
构词法(近义词)
同义词:consist of,.be composed of
三、用法与常见搭配
主动语态:主语为整体,宾语为部分:The committee comprises five members..(委员会
由5名成员组成)
被动语态:部分作主语时用be comprised of:Five members are comprised in the committee.
(较少用,更常用consist of)
四、重点辨析
comprise VS compose VS consist:
-comprise:主动语态直接接宾语(整体+comprise+部分)
compose:
常用被动语态(部分+be composed of什整体)
-consist:无被动,后接of(整体+consist of什部分)
3:instant
一、
核心考点
词性:形容词(ad.)、名词(n.)
核心义:adj.立刻的;立即的;n.瞬间
构词法(词性转换)
副词:instantly/'nstentli/(adv.立即马上)
名词:instance/nstens/(n.例子;事例)
三、用法与常见搭配
形容词搭配:instant coffee(速溶咖啡)
形容词搭配:instant success(一举成功)
名词搭配:at that instant(在那一刻)
名词搭配:for an instant(一瞬间)
副词用法:Instantly she saw him,she smiled.(她一看见他就笑了)
四、固定句型
the instant+从句(一…就…,相当于as soon as)
I recognized her the instant I saw her.(我一看见她就认出来了)
4:outgoing
“、
核心考点
词性:形容词(ad山j.)
核心义:adj.爱交际的;外向的;即将离去的
二、构词法(合成词)
out(向外)+gog(去)→向外走的→外向的
三、
词性转换
反义词:incoming/mkmm/(adj.进来的;新任的)
名词:outg0/atgu/(n.支出;花费)
四、用法与常见搭配
an outgoing personality(外向的性格)
outgoing students(外向的学生)
outgoing mail(外发邮件)
五、重点辨析
outgoing VS extroverted:二者均表示”外向的”,outgoing更口语化,extroverted为心理
学专业词汇。
5:dare
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)、助动词(aux.)
核心义:v.敢于;胆敢;aux.敢(用于否定句/疑问句)
二、构词法(词性转换)
过去式:dared/dead/(美/drd/)
过去分词:dared
三、用法与常见搭配
实义动词:后接todo,有人称和时态变化:She dares to speak in public..(她敢于在公众
场合讲话)
情态动词:无第三人称单数,后接动词原形,常用于否定/疑问:Dare he tell the truth?
(他敢说实话吗?)
情态动词:无第三人称单数,后接动词原形,常用于否定/疑问:He dare not refuse.(他
不敢拒绝)
固定搭配:I dare say(我想;大概)
固定搭配:dare to be different(敢于与众不同)
四、重点辨析
dare VS brave:dare为动词,表敢于做某事;brave为形容词,表”勇敢的?(a brave
soldier)。
6:adorable
、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.可爱的;讨人喜爱的
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:adore/e'db:r)/(v.热爱;爱慕)
名词:adoration/,eda'ren/(n.爱慕;崇拜)
副词:adorably/a'db:Ibli/(adv.可爱地)
三、用法与常见搭配
an adorable baby(可爱的婴儿)
adorable smile(迷人的微笑)
四、重点辨析
adorable VS cute:二者均表可爱的”,adorable语气更强,强调令人”爱慕的';cute更
口语化,侧重”机灵的”。
7:plug
一、核心考点
词性:动词(v.)、名词(n.)
核心义:v.接通(电源):插入:n.插头;插座
二、构词法(词性转换)
过去式/过去分词:plugged
现在分词:plugging
三、用法与常见搭配
动词搭配:plug in(接通电源)
动词搭配:plug the TV into the socket(把电视插头插进插座)
名词搭配:a three-pin plug(三脚插头)
名词搭配:plug and play(即插即用)
四、拓展短语
plug away at(坚持不懈地做某事)
He plugged away at his studies.(他坚持不懈地学习)
8:pause
一、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(v)
核心义:n.停顿;停顿的时间;v.暂停
二、构词法(近义词)
同义词:stop,halt(v.);break,interval(n.)
三、用法与常见搭配
动词搭配:pause for a while(暂停一会儿)
动词搭配:pause to do sth.(停下来做某事)
动词搭配:He paused reading to answer the phone.(他停下阅读去接电话)
名词搭配:a brief pause(短暂的停顿)
名词搭配:after a pause(停顿之后)
四、重点辨析
pause VS stop:pase为”短暂停止后继续;stop为”完全停止”。
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.She has noexperience of working in a hospital,so she needs more training.
A)prior
B)previous
C)former
D)past
2.The United Kingdom four countries:England,Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland
A)composes
B)comprises
C)consists
D)makes
3.You can get noodles in the supermarket if you don't have time to cook.
A)instant
B)constant
C)distant
D)resistant
4.Lisa is very_and enjoys meeting new people at parties.
A)outgoing
B)incoming
C)outgoing
D)income
5.he saw the police car,the thief ran away quickly.
A)The instant
B)The moment
C)The while
D)The time
6.-I borrow your dictionary?
-Sure,here you are.
A)Dare
B)Should
C)May
D)Must
7.The little girl's_smile made everyone in the room feel warm.
A)adorable
B)awful
C)awkward
D)ashamed
8.Don't forget to the printer before you start using it.
A)plug in
B)putin
C)take in
D)turn in
9.The speaker for a few seconds to drink some water during the lecture.
A)stopped
B)paused
C)ended
D)finished
10.All passengers must arrive at the airport_2 hours before departure.
A)prior to
B)according to
C)due to
D)thanks to
(二)根据提示补全句子(6题)
1.He answered the question(instant)after hearing it.
2.My brother has an(outgoing)personality and makes friends easily
3.We need to give the guests_(priorly)notice if we change the plan.
4.She(dare)not tell her parents about her failure in the exam.
5.The team_(comprise)of 12 members from different countries.
6.The cat looked at me(adorable)with its big eyes.
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.You must inform us of any changes pto the meeting.
2.The course c_three main modules:reading,writing and speaking.
3.I'll be back in ani;just wait for me here
4.As an estudent,she is always active in class discussions.
5.How dyou speak to your teacher like that?
6.The pof the song made the audience cheer loudly
7.Please pthe laptop into the socket before using it.
8.She a her children more than anything else in the world.
9.After a bpause,the singer continued her performance.
10.The company's success is based on its pconsideration of customer needs
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:A BAC A CAAB A
解析1(第1题):
考查pior的固定用法。prior experience表示”先前经验,符合句意”她没有在医院工
作的先前经验,所以需要更多培训”;previous、fommer、past虽然都有”以前的”意思,
但por更强调时间或顺序上的优先性,故选A。
解析2(第2题):
考查comprise的固定用法。comprise表示”包括;由…组成”,主动语态直接接宾语,
符合句意”英国由四个国家组成:英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰”;compose常用
被动语态,consist后接of,make不符合语境,故选B。
解析3(第5题):
考查instant的固定句型。the instant+从句表示一…就,相当于as soon as,符
合句意”小偷一看见警车就快速逃跑了”;the moment也有类似用法,但题日中只有the
instant是固定搭配,故选A。
2.补全句子答案:
1.instantly 2.outgoing 3.prior 4.dare 5.is comprised 6.adorably
3.首字母填空答案:
1.prior 2.comprises 3.instant 4.outgoing 5.dare 6.pause 7.plug 8.adores 9.brief 10.
prior
英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第二册·Unit2 Digital humans二