Unit 4 The senses二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（沪教版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·沪教版（上海教育出版社）·Unit4 Thesens es二 一、重点单词详解 1:claim 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v,)/名词(n) 核心义：v.声称；断言；主张；n.声明；宣称 二、构词法（词性转换） 派生词：claimant n.索赔人；声称者；claimable adi.可要求的 三、用法与常见搭配 动词： claim to do sth.声称做某事（如：He claimed to have solved the problem.) claim sth.as声称某物为…（如：She claimed the land as her own.) claim that+从句断言…（如：The report claims that rates will rise.) 名词： make a claim提出索赔/主张（如：They made a claim for damages..) 四、重点辨析 claim vs.assert:claim侧重”主观宣称”，可能缺乏证据；assert强调”坚定断言”，暗示 有依据（如：le asserted his innocence.) 2:differ 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.不同于；有区别；意见不合 构词法（词性转换） 名词：difference n.差异；分歧(different adj..不同的) 派生词：differently adv.不同地；differentiation n.区分 三、用法与常见搭配 differ from..in..在某方面与…不同（如：Cats differ from dogs in their behavior.) differ with sb.about/on sth.与某人在某事上意见不合（如：I differ with her on this issue.) 四、拓展用法 固定句型：A and B differ(from each other).A和B不同（如：The two theories differ fundamentally. 3:combination 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.结合体：混合体；组合 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：combine v.结合；联合(combine A with B把A和B结合) 形容词：combined adj..联合的；合计的（如：combined efforts共同努力） 三、常见搭配 in combination with与…结合（如：Success comes from talent in combination with hard work.) a combination of..一种…的组合（如：a combination of colors颜色的组合) 4:rescue 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)/名词（n.) 核心义：v.营救；解救；n.救援；营救 二、构词法（词性转换） 派生词：rescuer n.救援者；rescuee n.被救者 三、用法与常见搭配 动词： rescue sb./sth.fiom.从…中营救（如：Firefighters rescued the cat from the tree..) 名词： come/go to one's1 escue前来营救某人（如：A stranger came to my rescue when I fell.) carry out a rescue实施救援（如：The team carried out a dangerous rescue.) 5:react 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.作出反应；回应：起化学反应 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：reaction n.反应；回应(react-+-ion) 形容词：reactive adj..反应的；易反应的（如：reactive chemicals活性化学品) 三、常见搭配 react to对…作出反应（如：She reacted angrily to the news.) react against反抗；反对（如：Teenagers often react against their parents.) react with与…起化学反应（如：Iron reacts with oxygen to form rust.) 6:panic 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)/名词(n.) 核心义：v惊慌失措；n.恐慌：adj.恐慌的（仅用于名词前） 二、词性转换与变形 过去式/过去分词：panicked;现在分词：panicking(需双写”c”) 形容词：panicked adj.惊慌的（如：a panicked expression惊慌的表情) 三、常见搭配 in a panic惊慌地（如：She fled the room in a panic.) panic about/over sth.因某事恐慌（如：Don't panic over small problems..) cause a panic叼引起恐慌（如：The rumor caused a panic.) 7:frequency “、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.发生率；频率 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：frequent adj..频繁的；时常发生的 副词：frequently adv.频繁地；经常（如：He visits his parents frequently.) 三、常见搭配 high/low frequency高/低频（如：This radio station has a high frequency..) the frequency of..…的频率（如：the frequency of earthquakes地震的发生率） 8:expand 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.扩大；增加：扩展 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：expansion n.扩张；膨胀(expand+-sion) 派生词：expansive adj..广阔的；健谈的（如：expansive views开阔的视野） 三、常见搭配 expand on/upon详细阐述（如：Please expand on your idea.) expand into扩展到…（如：The company expanded into Europe.) expand in size/number在规模/数量上扩大（如：The population expanded rapidly.) 9:encounter 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)/名词(n.) 核心义：v.遭遇；遇到；n.相遇；邂逅 二、用法与搭配 动词：encounter difficulties/problems遇到困难/问题（如：We encountered delays on the way.) encounter sb.偶然遇见某人（如：I encountered an old friend yesterday.) 名词：a chance encounter偶然相遇（如：Our first meeting was a chance encounter.) 辨析 encounter vs..meet:encounter更正式，侧重”意外或困难的相遇”；meet为普通用词（如： I meet her every day. 10:barrier 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：.屏障；障碍物：障碍 二、常见搭配 a barrier to..…的障碍(t如：Language is not a barrier to communication.) remove/,break down barriers消除障碍（如：We need to break down cultural barriers.) natural/physical barriers自然/物理屏障（如：mountains as natural barriers山脉作为自然屏 障) 三、拓展用法 抽象含义：指”无形障碍”（如：barriers to progress进步的障碍） 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择（10题) 1.The witness_to have seen the suspect near the crime scene A)claimed B)asserted C)declared D)stated 2.Cats from dogs in their ability to climb trees. A)differ B)change C)vary D)separate 3.Success results from talent_with hard work A)combined B)connected C)linked D)joined 4.Firefighters managed to three children from the burning building. A)rescue B)save C)help D)free 5.People oftendifferently to stress-some get angry,others withdraw. A)react B)respond C)reply D)answer 6.The sudden noise caused a_among the crowd. A)panic B)fear C)terror D)alarm 7.Theof bus arrivals is every 15 minutes during rush hour. A)frequency B)number C)amount D)rate 8.The company plans to its business into Asian markets next year. A)expand B)extend C)spread D)stretch 9.She_an old classmate while traveling in Paris last summer. A)encountered B)met C)saw D)found 10.Language should not be a_to understanding different cultures A)barrier B)block C)obstacle D)prevention (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The(claim)demanded compensation for the damaged goods. 2.There are clear_(differ)between the two political parties 3.The team's(combine)effort led to their victory. 4.The(rescue)risked their lives to save the trapped miners. 5.Her quick(react)prevented the accident from worsening. 6.After the earthquake,(panic)spread throughout the city. 7.(frequent)exercise is important for maintaining health. 8.The(expand)of the factory will create more job opportunities. 9.Their first_(encounter)was at a music festival three years ago. 10.Cultural_(barrier)can be overcome through communication. （三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The scientist c_that his new discovery could cure the disease. 2.Opinions on the issue d widely among the students. 3.A c_of wind and rain caused severe flooding in the area. 4.The coast guard launched a roperation after the ship sank 5.How did the public r to the government's new policy? 6.Don't pwe have plenty of time to finish the task. 7.The f of earthquakes in this region is relatively low. 8.The company aims to eits product line by adding new models 9.I e many difficulties when I first moved to a foreign country. 10.Lack ofeducation is a major bto economic development. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AAAAAAAAAA 2.补全句子答案： 1.claimant 2.differences 3.combined 4.rescuers 5.reaction 6.panic 7.Frequent 8.expan- sion 9.encounter 10.barriers 3.首字母填空答案： 1.claimed 2.differ 3.combination 4.rescue 5.react 6.panic 7.frequency 8.expand 9.en- countered 10.barrier 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit4 The senses二