专题03 语法 （专项训练）六年级英语寒假专项提升（牛津上海版三起）

专题03 语法 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ · 内容导航 · 一：核心语法复习 二：10个语法考点过关练 题型一：核心语法复习 Unit 1-3 Getting to know each other each other 一般过去时（核心时态） 功能：描述过去发生的动作、存在的状态或过去的经历。 句型结构： 状态句：主语 + was/were + 表语 + 过去时间状语.（例：Sally was cute when she was a baby.） 动作句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 + 过去时间状语.（例：They went to the Great Wall last summer.） 否定句：主语 + wasn't/weren't + 表语. / 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他.（例：He didn't have lunch at home.） 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 表语？/ Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（例：Did you play ball games yesterday?） 重点不规则动词：is/are-was/were, go-went, eat-ate, have-had, see-saw, do-did, take-took, spend-spent. 特殊疑问句（过去时应用） 询问过去状态：How was your holiday?（你的假期过得怎么样？） 询问过去动作：What did you do for breakfast?（你早饭吃了什么？） 询问过去地点：Where did you go during the holiday?（你假期去了哪里？） 限定词（a little/some/a lot of） a little：修饰不可数名词，表 “少量”（例：a little chocolate）。 some：修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，用于肯定句，表 “一些”（例：some vegetables, some milk）。 a lot of：修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，表 “许多”（例：a lot of fruit, a lot of hamburgers）。 Unit 4-6 Relationships 一般过去时的一般疑问句（Did 引导） 句型：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn't.（例：—Did you play with Sam? —Yes, I did.） there be 句型的过去时 结构： 肯定句：There was + 单数名词 / 不可数名词 + 地点. / There were + 可数名词复数 + 地点.（例：In the past, there were many pandas.） 否定句：There wasn't/weren't + 名词 + 地点.（例：There weren't many tigers in the wild.） 疑问句：Was/Were there + 名词 + 地点？（例：Were there any birds in the tree?） would like 句型（表意愿） 功能：表达 “想要”，用于询问或陈述意愿。 句型： 肯定句：主语 + would like to do sth. /would like sth.（例：I'd like to have an e-friend.） 疑问句：Would you like to do sth.?（例：Would you like to visit the museum?） 回答：Yes, I'd like to. / No, thanks.） Unit 7-9 Out and about Shall we 句型（提建议） 功能：用于提出建议，邀请对方一起做某事。 句型：Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他？（例：Shall we go to see a film this weekend?） 回答：Sure. / Good idea. / Let's go. 特殊疑问句（How long 引导） 功能：询问做某事花费的时间。 句型：How long does it take to do sth.?（例：How long does it take to get to Shanghai by train?） 回答：It takes about + 时间.（例：It takes about five hours.） 一般过去时的特殊疑问句（What 引导） 句型：What did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（例：What did you see at the museum?） 回答：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.（例：I saw a lot of interesting cars.） Unit 10-12 The natural world 情态动词 should/shouldn't（表建议 / 责任） 功能：表达 “应该 / 不应该”，用于提出建议或强调责任。 句型：主语 + should/shouldn't + 动词原形 + 其他.（例：We should plant more trees. / We shouldn't throw rubbish.） 动词短语（固定搭配） 核心短语：cut down（砍倒）, keep clean（保持干净）, make dirty（弄脏）, plant trees（植树）, stop doing sth.（停止做某事）。 用法：后接名词或动名词（例：stop cutting down trees, keep the air clean）。 介词用法（from/with/to） from：表示 “来自”（例：Smoke from cars makes the air dirty.） with：表示 “用……” 或 “和…… 一起”（例：We use wood to make desks.） to：表示 “去……” 或 “用于……”（例：We go to the park. / Use water to wash hands.） 题型二：10个语法考点过关练 [语法 1] 一般过去时（状态描述） 一、用 was/were 填空。 1.Sally ______ two months old in Photo 1. She ______ small and cute. 2.They ______ in Beijing last year. Their holiday ______ wonderful. 3.The air ______ clean in the past, but now it ______ dirty in some places. 二、按要求改写句子。 1.Her hair was long.（改为否定句） Her hair ______ ______. 2.Were they in the countryside?（作肯定回答） ______, ______ ______. [语法 2] 一般过去时（动作描述） 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.We ______（go）to the Great Wall and ______（take）many photos last summer. 2.She ______（visit）her grandparents and ______（pick）apples with them. 3.What ______ you ______（have）for dinner yesterday? I ______（have）some fish and vegetables. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. He ______ hamburgers for breakfast yesterday. A. eat B. ate C. eats ( ) 2. —Did you ______ to the cinema? —No, I ______. A. go; didn't B. went; didn't C. go; don't [语法 3] How/What 引导的过去时特殊疑问句 一、根据答语写问句。 1.—______ ______ your summer holiday? —It was fun. 2.—______ ______ you ______ at the museum? —I saw many insects. 3.—______ ______ it take to get to London by plane? —It takes about 11 hours. 二、翻译句子。 1.你昨天早饭吃了什么？ ______ ______ you ______ for breakfast yesterday? 2.他假期过得怎么样？ ______ ______ his holiday? [语法 4] there be 句型的过去时 一、用 there be 的适当形式填空。 1.______ ______ a park near my home in the past. 2.______ ______ many pandas in the wild, but now there ______ only about 1,800. 3.—______ ______ any trees in the forest? —Yes, there ______. 二、改写句子。 1.There were many South China tigers.（改为否定句） There ______ ______ many South China tigers. 3、2.Was there a factory here?（作否定回答） ______, ______ ______. [语法 5] would like 句型 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. —Would you like ______ an e-friend in the US? —Yes, I'd like to. A. have B. to have C. having ( ) 2. She ______ to know about his hobbies. A. would like B. like C. wants like 二、按要求改写句子。 1.I'd like to go to the cinema.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you ______ to go to the cinema? 2.He would like to visit Tokyo.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ he ______ to visit? [语法 6] Shall we 句型（提建议） 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. —______ we see Snow White this weekend? —Sure. A. Shall B. Would C. Do ( ) 2. —Shall we go to the science museum? —______ A. Yes, I did. B. Good idea. C. No, I wouldn't. 二、根据提示完成句子。 1.______ ______（我们去）plant trees tomorrow? 2.______ ______（我们看）a film this Sunday afternoon? [语法 7] 情态动词 should/shouldn't 一、用 should/shouldn't 填空。 1.We ______ stop cutting down trees. It's bad for the Earth. 2.You ______ eat too much chocolate. It's unhealthy. 3.We ______ plant more trees to keep the air clean. 4.They ______ throw rubbish into rivers. It makes water dirty. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. We ______ keep our city clean and beautiful. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( ) 2. —______ we use plastic bags? —No, we ______. We should use paper bags. A. Should; shouldn't B. Can; can't C. Do; don't [语法 8] 限定词（a little/some/a lot of） 一、用 a little/some/a lot of 填空。 1.He eats ______ meat every day. Not too much. 2.There are ______ vegetables in the fridge. We don't need to buy more. 3.She drinks ______ cola. It's unhealthy. 4.They have ______ fruit for breakfast. It's good for health. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. There is ______ bread on the table. Let's eat it. A. a little B. a lot of C. some ( ) 2. We should eat ______ fruit and vegetables, and ______ sweet food. A. a lot of; a little B. some; a lot of C. a little; some [语法 9] 动词短语（固定搭配） 一、用所给短语的适当形式填空。 cut down, keep clean, plant trees, stop doing, make dirty 1.People should ______ more ______ to keep the air clean. 2.Don't ______ ______ trees. The Earth needs them. 3.We must ______ the city ______. 4.Smoke from factories ______ the air ______. 二、翻译句子。 1.我们应该停止乱扔垃圾。 We should ______ ______ ______ rubbish. 2.树木能保持空气清洁。 Trees can ______ the air ______. [语法 10] 介词（from/with/to） 一、用 from/with/to 填空。 1.Smoke ______ cars makes the air dirty. 2.We use wood ______ make desks and chairs. 3.I played chess ______ my cousin last weekend. 4.She went ______ the insect museum yesterday. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. They get wood ______ trees. A. from B. with C. to ( ) 2. We use water ______ wash our hands. A. with B. to C. for 参考答案 [语法 1] 一般过去时（状态描述） 答案：一、1. was; was 2. were; was 3. was; is二、1. wasn't long 2. Yes; they were 解析：一、1. 主语 Sally 是单数，过去时用 was；第二空主语 she 也是单数，同样用 was。2. 主语 they 是复数，过去时用 were；holiday 是单数，用 was。3. 前半句 “in the past” 提示过去时，air 是不可数名词，用 was；后半句 “now” 提示现在时，用 is。二、1. 含 was 的否定句直接加 not，缩写为 wasn't，表语 long 不变。2. there be 句型一般疑问句的肯定回答用 “Yes, there + was/were”，主语是 they，对应 were。 [语法 2] 一般过去时（动作描述） 答案：一、1. went; took 2. visited; picked 3. did; have; had二、1. B 2. A 解析：一、1. 时间状语 last summer 提示过去时，go 的过去式是 went，take 的过去式是 took。2. 无明确时间状语但描述过去经历，visit 的过去式是 visited，pick 的过去式是 picked。3. 特殊疑问句中，助动词 did 后接动词原形 have，答句用 have 的过去式 had。二、1. 时间状语 yesterday 提示过去时，eat 的过去式是 ate，故选 B。2. 助动词 did 后接动词原形 go，否定回答用 didn't，故选 A。 [语法 3] How/What 引导的过去时特殊疑问句 答案：一、1. How was 2. What did; see 3. How long does二、1. What did; have 2. How was 解析：一、1. 答语 “It was fun” 描述状态，用 How was 提问。2. 答语 “I saw many insects” 描述过去动作，用 What did + 动词原形 see 提问。3. 询问花费时间用 How long，主语 it 是单数，助动词用 does。二、1. “吃了什么” 用 What did + 动词原形 have，时间状语 yesterday 提示过去时。2. “过得怎么样” 用 How was，主语 his holiday 是单数。 [语法 4] there be 句型的过去时 答案：一、1. There was 2. There were; are 3. Were there; were二、1. weren't any 2. No; there wasn't 解析：一、1. 时间状语 in the past 提示过去时，a park 是单数，用 There was。2. 前半句 many pandas 是复数，过去时用 There were；后半句 now 提示现在时，用 are。3. 一般疑问句中，any trees 是复数，用 Were there，肯定回答用 were。二、1. 含 were 的否定句加 not，缩写为 weren't，否定句中 some 变 any。2. 否定回答用 “No, there wasn't”，对应问句中的 was。 [语法 5] would like 句型 答案：一、1. B 2. A二、1. Would; like 2. Where would; like 解析：一、1. would like 后接动词不定式 to do，故选 B。2. “想要了解” 用 would like to know，B 选项 like 缺少 would，C 选项 wants like 搭配错误，故选 A。二、1. 含 would like 的一般疑问句将 would 提前，like 不变。2. 划线部分 Tokyo 是地点，用 Where 提问，后接 would like to visit。 [语法 6] Shall we 句型（提建议） 答案：一、1. A 2. B二、1. Shall we 2. Shall we see 解析：一、1. 提建议用 Shall we，Would 用于 would like 句型，Do 用于一般现在时疑问句，故选 A。2. A 选项对应 Did 引导的疑问句回答，C 选项对应 would like 的否定回答，此处用 Good idea 回应建议，故选 B。二、1. “我们去植树” 用 Shall we plant，Shall 后接动词原形。2. “我们看电影” 用 Shall we see，see a film 是固定搭配。 [语法 7] 情态动词 should/shouldn't 答案：一、1. should 2. shouldn't 3. should 4. shouldn't二、1. A 2. A 解析：一、1. 停止砍树是应该做的，用 should。2. 吃太多巧克力不健康，不应该做，用 shouldn't。3. 种树保持空气清洁是应该做的，用 should。4. 往河里扔垃圾是不应该的，用 shouldn't。二、1. 保持城市干净是应该做的，用 should，故选 A。2. 询问是否应该用塑料袋，用 Should 提问，否定回答用 shouldn't，故选 A。 [语法 8] 限定词（a little/some/a lot of） 答案：一、1. a little 2. some 3. a lot of 4. some二、1. A 2. A 解析：一、1. “Not too much” 提示 “少量”，meat 是不可数名词，用 a little。2. “不需要再买” 提示 “一些”，vegetables 是可数复数，用 some。3. 可乐不健康，暗示喝得多，用 a lot of。4. 水果有益健康，用 some 表 “一些”。二、1. 后句 “Let's eat it” 提示面包数量不多，a little 修饰不可数名词 bread，故选 A。2. 健康饮食应多吃水果蔬菜（a lot of），少吃甜食（a little），故选 A。 [语法 9] 动词短语（固定搭配） 答案：一、1. plant; trees 2. cut down 3. keep; clean 4. makes; dirty二、1. stop throwing 2. keep; clean 解析：一、1. “保持空气清洁” 需要 “多种树”，should 后接动词原形 plant trees。2. 地球需要树木，所以 “不要砍树”，Don't 后接动词原形 cut down。3. “保持城市干净” 用 keep the city clean，keep 后接形容词 clean。4. 工厂废气使空气变脏，主语 smoke 是不可数名词，谓语动词用 makes，make sth. dirty 是固定搭配。二、1. “停止乱扔垃圾” 用 stop throwing rubbish，stop 后接动名词。2. “保持空气清洁” 用 keep the air clean，keep 后接形容词 clean。 [语法 10] 介词（from/with/to） 答案：一、1. from 2. to 3. with 4. to二、1. A 2. B 解析：一、1. 汽车排放的废气，用 from 表示 “来自”。2. “用木头做桌椅” 用 use sth. to do sth.，故填 to。3. “和表弟下棋” 用 with 表示 “和…… 一起”。4. “去昆虫博物馆” 用 go to + 地点，故填 to。二、1. “从树中获取木头” 用 get sth. from sth.，故选 A。2. “用水洗手” 用 use sth. to do sth.，故选 B。 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $