Unit 3 Conservation Lesson3-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（北师大版）

期末词汇复习 选修1·北师大版·Unit3:ConservationLesson3 、 重点单词详解 1:destruction 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.破坏，毁坏 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：struct(=bild,建造) 动词：destroy/dr'stror/(t.破坏；摧毁) 名词：destruction（由destroy去y+-tion构成) 形容词：destructive/dI'strAktrv/(adj.破坏性的；毁灭性的，由destruct+-ive构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(destroy) destroy sth.(破坏/摧毁某物) be destroyed by(被…破坏) 名词(destruction) the destruction of sth.(某物的破坏) cause destruction(造成破坏) lead to the destruction of(导致…的毁灭) 形容词(destructive) a destructive storm/fire(破坏性的风暴/火灾) be destructive to(对…有破坏性) 四、拓展用法 不可数名词：表示抽象概念”破坏”时不可数，如The war caused great destruction.” 2:annoyed 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.烦恼的，生气的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词： aoy/'no/(vt使烦恼：使生气) 形容词：annoyed(由anoy+-ed构成，修饰人)；annoying/A'nor四/(adj.令人烦恼的， 修饰物) 名词：annoyance/月'n3Iens/(n.烦恼；令人烦恼的事，由anoy+-ance构成) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词(annoy) annoy sb.(使某人生气) be annoyed at/ysth.(因某事生气) be annoyed with sb.(对某人生气) 形容词(annoying） an annoying noise/habit(令人烦恼的噪音/习惯) 四、辨析 annoyed vs.annoying:-ed结尾修饰人(sb.be annoyed),-ing结尾修饰物(sth.be annoying),'I was annoyed by the annoying sound." 3:stressed out 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.焦虑的；紧张的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：stress/stres/(t.强调；使紧张；n.压力；强调) 形容词：stressed/strest//(adj.紧张的：焦虑的，由stress+-ed构成)；stressful/'stresfl/ (adj.充满压力的，修饰物) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词(stress) stress the importance of(强调…的重要性) stress out(使极度焦虑，口语用法) 形容词(stressed out) feel stressed out(感到焦虑) be stressed out about(因…而焦虑) 形容词(stressful) a stressful job/exam(充满压力的工作/考试) 四、辨析 stressed out vs..stressful:stressed out强调人的感受(”感到焦虑的)，stressful强调事物 的性质(”令人焦虑的)，如She was stressed out by the stressful situation.” 4:roadworks 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.道路施工 二、构词法 合成词：由oad(n.道路)+woks(n.工程，常用复数)构成，指”道路施工工程 三、用法与常见搭配 roadworks为复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数，如Roadworks are causing delays.” 常见搭配： during roadworks(在道路施工期间) traffic jams caused by roadworks(道路施工造成的交通堵塞) 四、拓展 近义词：road construction(n.道路施工，不可数)，如Road construction is in progress..” 5:decade 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.十年，十年期 构词法 词根：dec-(表示”十”，如decimal/'desmml/adj.十进制的) 三、用法与常见搭配 基数词+decade（s):表示”几十年代”或”几十年”，如mthe1990s(=in the nineties of the20 th century)”也可表达为in the1990 s decade' 常见搭配： over the past decade(在过去十年里) a decade ago(十年前) in the next decade(在未来十年里) 四、注意事项 decade为可数名词，复数形式为decades,如two decades(二十年) 6:relate 、 核心考点 词性：动词(vi.t) 核心义：vⅵ.相联系，有关联；t.讲述 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：relation /I'lerfn/(n.关系；联系)；relationship/'lerfnfp/(n.关系；人际关系) 形容词：related/'letd/(adj.相关的；有联系的，由relate+-ed构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(relate) relate to sth.(与某事相关) relate to sb.(理解某人；与某人有共鸣) relate A to B(把A和B联系起来) be related to(与…关联，固定搭配) 名词(relation) in relation to（关于；与…相比) relations between A and B(A和B之间的关系) 名词(relationship) build/develop a relationship(建立/发展关系) a good relationship with sb.(与某人的良好关系) 四、辨析 relation vs..relationship:relation侧重客观关系（如family relations家庭关系），relationship 侧重情感或互动关系（如a close relationship亲密关系） 7:regular 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.定期的，有规律的；经常的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：regularity/,1egju'larti/(n.规律性；定期，由1 egular+-ity构成) 副词：regularly/'regjalarli/（adv.定期地；有规律地，由regular+-y构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(1 egular)〉 regular exercise/visits(定期锻炼/拜访) a1 egular customer(常客) regular hours(固定时间) 副词(regularly) meet regularly(定期见面) take medicine regularly(规律服药) 四、拓展用法 反义词：irregular/'regialer/(adj.不规律的；不规则的，由ir-否定前缀+regular构成) 8:suit 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.适合；n.套装 、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：suitable/su:tabl/(ad.合适的；适宜的，由sit+-able构成) 名词：suitability/,su:t'brleti/(n.适合；适宜性，由suitable+-ity构成) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词(sit) suit sb.(适合某人) suit sth.tosb./sth.(使某物适合某人/某事) be suited to(适合…) 名词(suit) a business suit(西装) a suit of clothes(一套衣服) 形容词(suitable) be suitable for(适合…) a suitable candidate（合适的候选人) 四、辨析 suit vs.ftvs.match:sit侧重”适合（口味、身份等)”（如The color suits you.);fit侧 重”尺寸合身”（如The shoes fit me.);match侧重”搭配协调”（如The tie matches the shirt.) 9:cancer 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.癌症 二、用法与常见搭配 lung cancer(肺癌) cancer treatment(癌症治疗) cancer research(癌症研究) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The war led to the_of many historical buildings in the city. A)destroy B)destruction C)destructive D)destructing 2.She was by the constant noise from the construction site next door. A)annoyed B)annoying C)annoyance D)annoy 3.Students often feelbefore important exams. A)stressing out B)stressful C)stressed out D)stress 4.are causing long delays on the highway this week. A)Roadwork B)Roadworks C)Road construction D)Road building 5.Over the past_,technology has changed our lives greatly A)decade B)decades C)decate D)decaded 6.The new policyclosely to environmental protection. A)relates B)relation C)relationship D)related 7.Taking exercise is important for maintaining good health. A)regularly B)regularity C)regular D)irregular 8.This dress doesn't me-can I try a larger size? A)suit B)fit C)match D)suitable 9.The doctor advised him to avoid foods to reduce the risk ofillness. A)cancer B)cancerous C)cancery D)cancor 10.His_to details made him a successful engineer. A)relate B)relation C)relationship D)attention (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The storm caused(destroy)to hundreds of homes. 2.I find his endless talking very_(annoy) 3.Many people feel(stress)during the holiday season. 4.The_(construct)of the new bridge will take two years. 5.She has lived in this city for three(decade) 6.The two events are(close)related to each other. 7.He visits his grandparents(regular)every weekend. 8.The company is looking for a(suit)candidate for the position 9.Smoking is one of the main causes of lung-(cancer) 10.The_(destructive)of the rainforest must be stopped immediately. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The earthquake resulted in the d of the entire village 2.My little brother's bad habits are really a me. 3.After working overtime for a month,she felt completely sout 4.Ron the main street have caused traffic chaos since Monday. 5.In the next d,scientists hope to find a cure for this disease. 6.The report explores the rbetween poverty and education 7.She has arschedule-waking up at 6 a.m.and going to bed at 10 p.m 8.This color doesn't s your skin tone,try a lighter shade 9.Early detection is key to treating many types of csuccessfully. 10.The teacher sthe importance of reviewing notes daily. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：B A C B A AC BB D 解析1（第1题）： 考查destruction的用法。lead to后接名词，destruction表示”破坏”，符合句意”战争导 致城市中许多历史建筑的破坏”；destroy是动词，destructive是形容词，destructing是动 名词，均不符合语法要求，故选B。 解析2（第2题）： 考查annoyed的用法。be annoyed by表示”被…惹恼”，符合句意”她被隔壁建筑工地 的持续噪音惹恼了”；annoying修饰物，annoyance是名词，anoy是动词原形，均不符 合语法要求，故选A。 解析3（第3题）： 考查stressed out的用法。feel stressed out表示”感到焦虑”，符合句意学生在重要考试 前经常感到焦虑；stressing out是进行时，stressful修饰物，stress是名词或动词，均不 符合语境，故选C。 2.补全句子答案： 1.destruction 2.annoying 3.stressed 4.construction 5.decades 6.closely 7.regularly 8. suitable 9.cancer 10.destruction 3.首字母填空答案： 1.destruction 2.annoying 3.stressed 4.Roadworks 5.decade 6.relation/relationship 7.regu- lar 8.suit 9.cancer 10.stressed 英语词汇复习手册·选修1·Unit3:Conservation Lesson3