专题03 句子（专项训练）六年级英语寒假专项提升（Join in外研剑桥英语版）

( 01 考点点拨 02 答题技巧 )专题03 句子 ( 01 答题技巧 02 知识精练 ) 考点点拨 1. 句子理解与匹配：考查对图片、语境的理解，以及句子与对应场景、问题的匹配能力。 2. 句子运用与交际：侧重在情景对话、补全对话中，掌握句子的实际交际用法和逻辑衔接。 3. 句子构造与创作：涵盖连词成句、仿写句子、根据提示完成句子，考查句子的结构搭建和创作能力。 4. 句子形式变换：包括单词适当形式填空、按要求改写句子，考查语法规则在句子中的应用及句式转换能力。 答题技巧 1. 图文结合抓关键：做看图判句、看图选句类题型时，先提炼图片中的核心元素（人物、动作、场景等），再对应句子的关键词，快速匹配或判断正误。 2. 语境分析定答案：情景对话、补全对话、选答句类题型，要先梳理对话的上下文逻辑和场景背景，根据语境的情感、意图选择贴合的句子或答语。 3. 句法规则守框架：连词成句、改写句子时，先明确句子的基本结构，遵循语法规则和句式要求，确保句子结构完整、语序正确。 4. 提示信息善利用：完成句子、单词形式填空类题型，紧盯中文提示、所给单词的词性和句中语法线索（时态、单复数等），精准推导需要填写的内容。 5. 细节检查避失误：答完题后重点检查——判译类看语义是否准确、改写句看句式是否符合要求、写句子看拼写和标点是否正确，避免细节错误。 小试牛刀 一、根据图片，判断下列句子是否正确，正确的写T，错误的写F。 第1题 第2题 第3题 第4题 第5题 ( )1.My favourite subject is history. ( )2.If you go to Beijing, you can visit the famous Palace Museum. ( )3.－What’s the weather like today?－It’s sunny. ( )4. Before the festival, we always clean the house to sweep away bad luck. ( )5.It lives up in the mountains of the Himalayas. 二、看图，选择对应句子。 ( )1. A. It is a very famous building in Australia. B. We can watch football matches in it. ( )2. A. Don’t forget to wear your helmet when you ride your bike. B. Please remember to put on your belt when you ride in a car. ( )3. A. They build their nests in holes in trees. B. They live in many countries of the world. They eat small fish. ( )4. A. Don’t turn left. B. Don’t enter. ( )5. A. People in China often eat moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival. B. People in China often hang red lanterns during the Spring Festival. 三、判断下列句子与事实是否相符，相符的写T，不符的写F。 ( )1.Sydney is famous for the opera house and the 2004 Summer Olympic Games. ( )2.The Mid-Autumn Festival is always in August. ( )3.In the UK and the US, 25th December is Christmas Day. ( )4.Rice balls are round, just like the moon. ( )5.The Han River divides Wuhan into three parts. ( )6.The twin towers were hit by two trains and fell down in 2001. ( )7.Washington DC is home to the famous White House and the Big Ben. ( )8.We can read in the sun because it’s good for our eyes. ( )9.People kill rhinos and sell their fur. ( )10.Safety first, always be careful. 四、根据图片内容，将下列句子归类。 A. B. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ①People usually like to guess lantern riddles. ②On this day, families always get together and have a big dinner. ③It is an important festival in America and Canada. ④It is a traditional Chinese festival. ⑤People eat sweet rice balls called tangyuan. ⑥People give thanks for their family, friends and good life on this day. ⑦People also hang beautiful lanterns and guess lantern riddles for fun. ⑧People usually eat turkey, pumpkin pies and other delicious food. ⑨It is on the fourth Thursday of November every year. ⑩The Lion Dance is one of the most exciting traditions of the festival. 五、情景交际。 ( )1. －Did John lock himself out yesterday?－________ A. Yes, he will. B. Yes, he is. C. Yes, he can. D. Yes, he did. ( )2. －How was your trip to Beijing this summer holiday?－________ A. Thank you. B. It was great. C. It was raining. D. It's Monday. ( )3. －Excuse me, where is the cinema?－________ A. I get it. B. Yes, there is. C. Turn left. D. Let's have a look. ( )4. －Thank you for your help.－________ A. That's OK. B. I'm OK. C. Bye-bye. D. That's right. ( )5. －What are you going to do this Saturday? －________ A. I like swimming. B. I go to the park every week. C. I took many nice photos. D. I'm going to do some listening. ( )6. －How do you go to London? －________ A. In the village. B. By plane. C. At four o'clock. D. On Sunday. ( )7. －Don't swim here.－________ A. Sorry, I won't. B. Good idea. C. I think so. D. Thank you. ( )8. －What's the matter? －________ A. I feed my fish. B. I like Science. C. It's windy today. D. My knee hurts. ( )9. －________ The baby is sleeping. Don't wake him up.－OK. A. See you! B. Call the police! C. Be quiet! D. Come on! ( )10. －What did you do last Friday, Tom?－________ A. I like taking photos on Friday. B. I will visit the Great Wall. C. I went to the Great Wall. D. I often go to the Great Wall. 六、单项选择。 ( )1. — Look at the cake Lily brought to the garden party! — Wow, it looks ______. A. bright B. delicious C. full D. colourful ( )2. — What’s your favorite ______? — I love the Spring Festival. We can get red envelopes and eat dumplings! A. joke B. rule C. riddle D. festival ( )3. — The children in the mountain villages are so ______.They have no new clothes or books. — We should help them. A. poor B. precious C. famous D. fun ( )4. — What do people usually eat on the ______? — They eat moon cakes and watch the full moon. A. Dragon Boat Festival B. Lantern Festival C. Mid-Autumn Festival D. Spring Festival ( )5. — Tom, my family will visit Beijing next week. — Wow. Then you can go to the ______. It's very famous. A. Tangxun Lake B. Tiananmen Square C. Tower Bridge D. White House ( )6. — Do you know why we need to learn about ______? Because it tells us what happened in the past. A. science B. geography C. history D. music ( )7. — Mike, why are you late? — I had a(n) ______ on my way here. A car almost hit me! A. party B. class C. story D. accident ( )8. — Do you know which building is the tallest in the world now? — I think it’s ______.It is 828 metres tall. A. B. C. D. ( )9. ______ have long red hair. They live in rainforests. They can climb trees. They eat fruits ,leaves and flowers. They are very clever. But they are in danger now because their homes are getting smaller. We need to protect them. A. B. C. D. ( )10.— I’m really bad at playing the piano. I want to give up. — Don’t! You just need to play every day. ______. A. Actions speak louder than words B. Practice makes perfect C. Every dog has its day D. It’s never too old to learn 七、根据汉语提示，补全句子。 1.我打算更好地和人们相处。 I'm going to __________________________________________________. 2. 超市在街道的左侧。 The supermarket is __________________________________________________. 3. 今年我们会有两门新科目，地理和历史。 This year __________________________________________________, Geography and History. 4. 你在这里能感受到这个国家的历史和文化。 You can __________________________________________________ of the country here. 5. 长江从西向东穿过这座城市。 The Changjiang River __________________________________________________. 6. 远离家乡的人们抬头望月亮，思念他们的家人。 People far from home __________________________________________________. 7. 我们看到了他，还以为他是个小偷。 We saw him and __________________________________________________ 8. 他的父母十四年前从中国来到了夏威夷。 His parents came to Hawaii __________________________________________________. 9. 我八岁的时候，骑自行车出了一场事故。 When I was eight, __________________________________________________. 10. 当它们出来的时候，看起来是黑色的。 __________________________________________________, they look black. 八、看问题，选择合适的答句。 ( )1. Where is the city? A. To the river. ( )2. How to stay safe? B. He broke his right arm. ( )3. Where are you going? C. Chinese, maths and PE. ( )4. What problem did he have? D. It's in the south of England. ( )5. What lessons do you have on Wednesday? E. Always keep to rules. 九、连词成句。 1. want / in / peace / forever / to / we / live (.) ____________________________________________________________ 2. helps / garden / her / mother / she / the / in (.) ____________________________________________________________ 3. precious / Tom's / books / things / his / are (.) ____________________________________________________________ 4. see / only / zoo / in / can / the / them / people (.) ____________________________________________________________ 5. live / countries / many / world / of / the / they / in (.) ____________________________________________________________ 6. a / sheep / than / it's / smaller (.) ____________________________________________________________ 7. understand / village / the / didn't / English / people / in / the (.) ____________________________________________________________ 8. capital / it / the / country / of / the / is (.) ____________________________________________________________ 9. working / my / love / I / computer / with (.) ____________________________________________________________ 10. pupils / how / your / class / in / there / many / are (?) ____________________________________________________________ 十、根据下列句子或对话，用所给单词适当形式填空。 1.There __________(are) many fruit trees in the village ten years ago. 2.Mike is going to do more __________(read) in Year 6. 3.―What will you do?―I will drink more water and play __________(few) games. 4.This year we have two new __________(subject), ICT and Drama. 5.Most pupils in __________(we) class like pop music. 6.The __________(three) class in Tuesday is Art. 7.In English I like __________(practice) dialogues. 8.Changjiang River is one of the __________(long) rivers in the world. 9.Thank you for __________(invite) me to share the happy time with your family. 10.―Nick, you look unhappy. What happened? ―I __________(fall) down on the playground. 11.―What’s the matter with Tim? ―He cut his foot on a __________(break) bottle. 12.When I call him, he always comes __________(quick) to give me a hand. 13.We have to keep to these __________(rule) in our school all the time. 14.Ann read the story carefully and __________(understand) all the words. 15.I was __________(happy) because I didn’t get good grades. 16.His father asks him not to play football on the street because it’s very __________(danger). 17.―What does he like? ― He likes __________(watch) sports and cartoons. 18.One day she wants to have __________(she) own little shop. 19.Jimmy dreams of __________(play) in the national team. 20.Let’s make the world a better place __________(with) poverty and sorrow. 十一、按要求改写句子。 1. Sydney is the capital of Australia. (改为否定句) ____________________________________________________________ 2. They visited the British Museum last year.(改为否定句) ____________________________________________________________ 3.Peter doesn’t play football in the afternoon.(改为肯定句) ____________________________________________________________ 4.My grandpa didn’t live in a big city when he was ten years old.(改为肯定句) ____________________________________________________________ 5. There are many tall buildings in the city. (改为一般疑问句) ____________________________________________________________ 6. They found a ladder in his garden. (改为一般疑问句) ____________________________________________________________ 7.The child can’t go to school. The child’s family is very poor. (用so合并句子) ____________________________________________________________ 8.The rabbit is smaller than the lion.(用bigger改写句子) ____________________________________________________________ 9. Emma has an accident with her bike.(用yesterday改写句子) ____________________________________________________________ 10.I study Maths and Chinese at school.(用Sam替换I，改写句子) ____________________________________________________________ 11.You can’t use your mobile phone here.(改为祈使句) ____________________________________________________________ 12.The school is beside the park. (就画线部分提问) ____________________________________________________________ 13.Mr Green teaches us History. (就画线部分提问) ____________________________________________________________ 14. I like English best because I can learn many new words.(就画线部分提问) ____________________________________________________________ 15. People usually play a board game after lunch.(就画线部分提问) ____________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、根据图片，判断下列句子是否正确，正确的写T，错误的写F。 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 二、看图，选择对应句子。 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 三、判断下列句子与事实是否相符，相符的写T，不符的写F。 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. F 7. F 8. F 9. F 10. T 解析: 1. 悉尼因歌剧院闻名，但2004年夏季奥运会举办地是希腊雅典，2000年夏季奥运会才在悉尼举办，故不符。 2. 中秋节是农历八月十五，公历日期不固定，故不符。 3. 英国和美国均将12月25日定为圣诞节，符合事实。 4. 汤圆（rice balls）形状是圆形，象征月亮，符合事实。 5. 汉江将武汉分为汉口、汉阳、武昌三镇的是长江，并非汉江，故不符。 6. 2001年纽约双子塔是被恐怖分子劫持的飞机撞击倒塌，而非火车，故不符。 7. 白宫位于华盛顿特区，大本钟（Big Ben）在英国伦敦，故不符。 8. 在阳光下看书会损伤眼睛，并非有益，故不符。 9. 犀牛被猎杀是因为角，而非皮毛，故不符。 10. “安全第一，时刻小心”是安全准则，符合常识。 四、根据图片内容，将下列句子归类。 A①④⑤⑦⑩ B②③⑥⑧⑨ 五、情景交际。 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. C 解析: 1. 问句是Did引导的一般过去时一般疑问句，回答需用did对应，选D。 2. 问句询问北京旅行的感受，B选项“It was great.（很棒）”是合理回应，选B。 3. 问句询问电影院位置，C选项“Turn left.（左转）”是指路的正确表达，选C。 4. 回应“Thank you”的常用语是“That's OK.（不客气）”，选A。 5. 问句是be going to的一般将来时，回答需用对应的将来时结构，D选项“I'm going to do some listening.（我打算做些听力练习）”符合，选D。 6. 问句询问去伦敦的交通方式，B选项“By plane.（乘飞机）”是交通方式表达，选B。 7. 对方提醒“不要在这游泳”，A选项“Sorry, I won't.（抱歉，我不会了）”是礼貌回应，选A。 8. “What's the matter?”用于询问对方状况，D选项“My knee hurts.（我的膝盖疼）”是合理回答，选D。 9. 根据“宝宝在睡觉，别吵醒他”，需提醒“保持安静”，C选项“Be quiet!（安静点）”符合，选C。 10. 问句是一般过去时，询问上周五做的事，C选项“I went to the Great Wall.（我去了长城）”用过去时回应，选C。 六、单项选择。 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B 解析: 1. 句中描述的是蛋糕，delicious（美味的）是形容蛋糕的合适词汇，bright（明亮的）、full（满的）、colourful（色彩鲜艳的）均不符合语境，选B。 2. 答句提到“春节”，问句是询问最喜欢的festival（节日），joke（笑话）、rule（规则）、riddle（谜语）均不匹配，选D。 3. 根据“没有新衣服和书”的描述，山村孩子的状态是poor（贫穷的），precious（珍贵的）、famous（著名的）、fun（有趣的）不符合语境，选A。 4. “吃月饼、赏月”是Mid-Autumn Festival（中秋节）的习俗，Dragon Boat Festival（端午节）、Lantern Festival（元宵节）、Spring Festival（春节）的习俗均不同，选C。 5. 北京的著名景点是Tiananmen Square（天安门广场），Tangxun Lake（汤逊湖，在武汉）、Tower Bridge（塔桥，在伦敦）、White House（白宫，在美国）均不在北京，选B。 6. “讲述过去发生的事”是history（历史）的范畴，science（科学）、geography（地理）、music（音乐）均无此属性，选C。 7. 根据“一辆车差点撞到我”的描述，是发生了accident（意外），party（派对）、class（课）、story（故事）均不符合语境，选D。 8. 世界最高建筑是哈利法塔（Burj Khalifa），高度为828米，对应图片A；B是东方明珠，C是伦敦眼，D是埃菲尔铁塔，均不符合，选A。 9. 题干描述的是红毛猩猩（orangutans）：有红色长毛、生活在雨林、会爬树、吃果实树叶花朵且濒临灭绝，对应图片B；A是考拉，C是老虎，D是犀牛，均不匹配，选B。 10. 对方说钢琴弹得不好想放弃，需要用鼓励坚持练习的谚语回应。Practice makes perfect.（熟能生巧） 符合语境；A（行动胜于言语）、C（人人皆有得意时）、D（活到老学到老）均不契合，选B。 七、根据汉语提示，补全句子。 1.get along better with people 2.on the left of the street. 3.we will have two new subjects 4.feel the history and culture 5.runs through the city from west to east 6.look up at the moon and miss their families 7.thought he was a thief 8.from China fourteen years ago 9.I had an accident while riding a bike 10.When they come out 八、看问题，选择合适的答句。 1.D 2.E 3.A 4.B 5.C 九、连词成句。 1.We want to live in peace forever. 2.She helps her mother in the garden. 3.Tom’s precious things are his books. 4.People can only see them in the zoo. 5.They live in many countries of the world. 6.It’s smaller than a sheep. 7.The people in the village didn’t understand English. 8.It is the capital of the country. 9.I love working with my computer. 10.How many pupils are there in your class? 十、根据下列句子或对话，用所给单词适当形式填空。 1. were 2. reading 3. fewer 4. subjects 5. our 6. third 7. practicing / to practice 8. longest 9. inviting 10. fell 11. broken 12. quickly 13. rules 14. understood 15. unhappy 16. dangerous 17. watching / to watch 18. her 19. playing 20. without 解析: 1. ten years ago是一般过去时标志，many fruit trees是复数，故用are的过去式were。 2. do more reading是固定搭配，意为“进行更多阅读”，用动名词形式reading。 3. 与more water对应，此处用few的比较级fewer，表示“更少的游戏”。 4. two后接可数名词复数，subject的复数是subjects。 5. 修饰名词class用形容词性物主代词，we的形容词性物主代词是our。 6. 表示“第三节课”用序数词，three的序数词是third。 7. like doing sth. / like to do sth.均表示“喜欢做某事”，故填practicing或to practice。 8. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数是固定结构，long的最高级是longest。 9. Thank you for doing sth.是固定句型，for后接动名词，invite的动名词是inviting。 10. 问句用一般过去时，答句也用一般过去时，fall的过去式是fell。 11. 修饰名词bottle用形容词，break的形容词形式是broken（破碎的）。 12. 修饰动词comes用副词，quick的副词形式是quickly。 13. these后接可数名词复数，rule的复数是rules。 14. and连接并列谓语，read是过去式，understand的过去式是understood。 15. 根据“没取得好成绩”可知是“不开心的”，happy的反义词是unhappy。 16. 作表语用形容词，danger的形容词形式是dangerous（危险的）。 17. like doing sth. / like to do sth.均表示“喜欢做某事”，故填watching或to watch。 18. one's own是固定搭配，she的形容词性物主代词是her。 19. dream of doing sth.是固定搭配，of后接动名词，play的动名词是playing。 20. 根据“让世界变成更好的地方”，可知是“没有贫穷和悲伤”，用without（没有）。 十一、按要求改写句子。 1. Sydney isn't the capital of Australia. 2. They didn't visit the British Museum last year. 3. Peter plays football in the afternoon. 4. My grandpa lived in a big city when he was ten years old. 5. Are there many tall buildings in the city? 6. Did they find a ladder in his garden? 7. The child's family is very poor, so he can't go to school. 8. The lion is bigger than the rabbit. 9. Emma had an accident with her bike yesterday. 10. Sam studies Maths and Chinese at school. 11. Don't use your mobile phone here. 12. Where is the school? 13. Who teaches you History? 14. Why do you like English best? 15. What do people usually do after lunch? 解析: 1. 含be动词is的肯定句变否定句，直接在is后加not（缩写为isn't）。 2. 一般过去时实义动词作谓语的句子变否定句，加助动词didn't，原动词visited还原为visit。 3. 含助动词doesn't的否定句变肯定句，去掉doesn't，主语Peter是第三人称单数，动词play变为plays。 4. 含助动词didn't的否定句变肯定句，去掉didn't，动词live变为过去式lived。 5. There be句型变一般疑问句，把be动词are提到句首。 6. 一般过去时实义动词作谓语的句子变一般疑问句，加助动词Did，原动词found还原为find。 7. so表示“因此、所以”，连接结果状语从句，前半句表原因，后半句表结果。 8. 用bigger改写需转换比较对象，狮子比兔子大，故将主语换为the lion，用bigger than连接。 9. yesterday是一般过去时标志，动词has变为过去式had。 10. 主语换为Sam（第三人称单数），一般现在时中动词study变为studies。 11. 含can't的否定句改祈使句，用Don't + 动词原形结构。 12. 对地点beside the park提问，用特殊疑问词Where，后接一般疑问句语序。 13. 对人物Mr Green提问，用特殊疑问词Who，who作主语时，句子用陈述句语序。 14. 对原因because I can learn many new words提问，用特殊疑问词Why，后接一般疑问句语序。 15. 对动作play a board game提问，用特殊疑问词What，后接一般疑问句语序，并用do替代原动作。 ( 第 14 页 共 14 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $