Unit 3 Sea Exploration一-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（人教版）

期末词汇复习 选修4·人教版·Unit3 SeaExploration “、 重点单词详解 1:extend 二、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：vt.扩展；使伸长；延长i.延伸；持续 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：tend(=stretch,表示？伸展”) 前缀ex-(向外)+tend→向外伸展→扩展 形容词：extensive/ik'stensrv//(广泛的；大量的) 名词：extension /Ik'sten(n/(延伸；扩展；电话分机) 副词：extensively /ik'stensrvli/(广泛地) 三、用法与常见搭配 及物动词： extend sth.tosb.（向某人提供/给予某物) extend a deadline/visa(延长截止日期/签证) 不及物动词： extend from..to.（从…延伸到…) The road extends for miles.(这条路延伸数英里。) 常见搭配： extend one's thanks/gratitude(表达感谢) extend an invitation(发出邀请) 四、重点辨析 extend vs.expand: extend侧重”长度、时间、范围的延伸？（如extend a road): expand侧重体积、规模、数量的扩大”（如expand a business)。 2:negotiate 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：vt商定；达成（协议)vi.谈判；磋商 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：neg-(否定)+oti(-leisure,.闲暇)+-ate(动词后缀)→没空休息→忙着谈判 名词：negotiation/m.gui'en/（谈判；协商) 形容词：negotiable/n'gaufiabl/(可协商的；可讨论的) 三、用法与常见搭配 不及物动词： negotiate with sb.about/over sth.(与某人就某事谈判) 及物动词： negotiate a deal/contract/agreement(达成交易/合同/协议) negotiate a path/route(艰难走过/开辟道路) 常见搭配： enter into negotiation(开始谈判) reach a negotiation(达成谈判) 四、拓展用法 negotiate作及物动词时，宾语可以是具体事物（如path),表示”成功越过”，例：negotiate a steep hill(爬过陡峭的山)。 3:withdraw 、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：vi.&vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)(使)撤▣；撤离 二、构词法（词性转换） 前缀with-(向后)+draw(拉)→向后拉→撤▣ 名词：withdrawal/wI'dro:l/(撤回；取款；戒毒) 形容词：withdrawn/wIc'do（沉默寡言的；孤僻的) 三、用法与常见搭配 固定短语： withdraw from sth.(退出；撤离) withdraw money from the bank(从银行取款) withdraw support/offer(撤▣支持/提议) 例句： He withdrew from the competition due to injury.(他因伤退出比赛。) She has withdrawn into herself since her husband's death.(丈夫去世后，她变得沉默寡言。) 四、重点辨析 withdraw vs.retreat: withdraw侧重主动撤▣、退出”（如withdraw troops); retreat侧重'被迫撤退、后退”（如retreat from the battlefield)。 4:maritime 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.海的；海运的；海事的 构词法（词性转换） 词根：mar(=sea,海洋)+-itime(形容词后缀)→与海相关的 同根词：marine/me'i:n/(adj.海的：航海的n.海军陆战队士兵) mariner/'mena(r)/(n.水手；海员) 三、 用法与常见搭配 作定语： maritime law(海商法) maritime trade(海上贸易) maritime climate(海洋性气候) 例句： The country has a long maritime history.(这个国家有着悠久的航海历史。) 四、拓展用法 maritime为正式用词，多用于学术或专业领域（如法律、地理），日常语境中可用marine 替换，例：marine life(海洋生物)=maritime life(较少用)。 5:bond 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v.) 核心义：n.纽带；关系t.&vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：bind(捆；绑)的变体→捆绑在一起的状态→纽带 形容词：bonded/bondrd/(有担保的；保税的：感情深厚的) 名词：bondage/bDndrd3/(束缚：奴役) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词： emotional/,social/cultural bond(情感/社会/文化纽带) a bond between A and B(A与B之间的联系) 动词： bond witl山hsb.(与某人建立亲密关系) be bonded together by sth.(因某事紧密联系在一起) 常见搭配： break the bond(打破联系) strengthen the bond(加强联系) 四、重点辨析 bond vs.tie: bond侧重”牢固、持久的联系”（如family bond): tie侧重”抽象的联系或束缚”（如ties of friendship)。 6:coverage 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.新闻报道；覆盖范围 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词cover(覆盖；报道)+-age(名词后缀，表”行为、结果或状态”) 动词：cover./kAva(r)/(覆盖；报道；包含) 形容词：covered/'kavad/(被覆盖的) 三、 用法与常见搭配 不可数名词： media/news coverage（媒体/新闻报道) coverage of the event(事件的报道) coverage area(覆盖区域) 常见搭配： extensive/wide coverage(广泛的报道/覆盖) lack of coverage(报道不足/覆盖不全) 例句： The accident received extensive coverage in the local press.(当地媒体对该事故进行了广 泛报道。) 7:league 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n) 核心义：n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛 二、构词法（词性转换） 直接源自古法语leage,意为”联盟” 固定搭配：in a league of one'sown(独领风骚；水平远超他人) 三、用法与常见搭配 表示”联合会/联赛： the Premier League（英超联赛) a football league（足球联赛) 表示”等级/水平： be in the same league as..(与…水平相当) not in sb.'s league(不如某人；与某人不是一个档次) 例句： Her talent is in a league of her own.(她的才华独步天下。) 四、拓展用法 league作”联盟”时，可与alliance替换，但league更侧重”体育或政治团体”，alliance 侧重”国家或组织间的联盟”，例：a military alliance(军事联盟)。 8:profession 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.职业；行业 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：fess(speak,说)+pro-(公开)+-ion（名词后缀)→公开宣称的职业 动词：profess /pra'fes/（声称；宣称；信奉) 形容词：professional/pra'fefan山（专业的；职业的n.专业人士） 副词：professionally/pra'fefeneli/(专业地；职业地) 三、用法与常见搭配 可数名词： choose/take up a profession(选择/从事一份职业) the medical/legal profession(医疗/法律行业) 常见搭配： enter the profession（进入该行y业) by profession(就职业而言) 例句： She is a doctor by profession.（她的职业是医生。) 四、重点辨析 profession vs.job vs.occupation: profession侧重”需要专业知识和培训的职业”（如医生、律师）： job泛指”有报酬的工作 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The company plans to_its business into Europe next year. A)extend B)expand C)stretch D)spread 2.The two countries arewith each other about the trade agreement. A)negotiating B)discussing C)talking D)speaking 3.Due to the bad weather,the flight has been for two hours. A)withdrawn B)retreated C)extended D)expanded 4.The coastal city has a long history of trade with other countries. A)marine B)maritime C)sea D)ocean 5.The strong between the two families comes from years of friendship A)tie B)bond C)connection D)relation 6.The media'sof the event helped the public understand the truth. A)coverage B)report C)story D)news 7.Her singing skills are in a_of her own;no one else can match her. A)class B)level C)league D)rank 8.By_,she is a lawyer,but she now works as a teacher. A)job B)occupation C)profession D)work 9.The government decided to financial support to the poor areas. A)extend B)offer C)provide D)supply 10.After long_,the two sides finally reached an agreement. A)negotiations B)talks C)discussions D)chats (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The(extend)of the subway line will be completed next month. 2.The(negotiate)between the union and management lasted for three days. 3.She has made(extend)contributions to the field of science. 4.The terms of the contract are(negotiate),so we can discuss them again. fifth.The_(withdraw)of troops from the area brought peace to the region. 6.The meeting requires-(profession)skills and experience 7.The(maritime)museum displays ancient ships and navigation tools. 8.They have a_(bond)friendship that has lasted for over 20 years. 9.The new policy will(extensive)affect small businesses. 10.The team's success is due to their(profession)training. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The road e from the city center to the airport 2.The two companies are n a new business deal. 3.He w from the competition because ofillness. 4.The country has a strong mindustry,including shipbuilding. 5.Family bare often the strongest in people's lives. 6.The media gave full cto the Olympic Games. 7.She is in a L of her own when it comes to playing the piano. 8.By p,he is a doctor,but he also writes novels. 9.We need to e our thanks to everyone who helped us. 10.The company plans to e its market to Asia and Africa. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BACBBACCAA 2.补全句子答案： 1.extension 2.negotiation 3.extensive 4.negotiable 5.withdrawal 6.professional 7.mar- itime 8.bonded 9.extensively 10.professional 3.首字母填空答案： 1.extends 2.negotiating 3.withdrew 4.maritime 5.bonds 6.coverage 7.league 8.profes- sion 9.extend 10.expand 英语词汇复习手册·选修4·Unit3 Sea Exploration一